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states=United States
{{About|the Holikachuk language|other things called Holikachuk|Holikachuk (disambiguation){{!}}Holikachuk}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Holikachuk
|nativename=''Doogh Qinag''
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|states=United States
|region=[[Alaska]] (lower [[Yukon River]], [[Innoko River]])
|region=[[Alaska]] (lower [[Yukon River]], [[Innoko River]])
|ethnicity=[[Holikachuk people]]
|ethnicity=[[Holikachuk people]]
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}}
}}


'''Holikachuk''' (own name: ''Doogh Qinag''<ref>Beth R. Leonard (2007), [http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/curriculum/PhD_Projects/BethLeonard/LeonardDissertation.pdf Deg Xinag oral traditions: reconnecting indigenous language and education through traditional narratives], a thesis presented to the Faculty
'''Holikachuk''' (own name: ''Doogh Qinag''<ref>Beth R. Leonard (2007), [http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/curriculum/PhD_Projects/BethLeonard/LeonardDissertation.pdf Deg Xinag oral traditions: reconnecting indigenous language and education through trof the University of Alaska Fairbanks, May 2007</ref>) was an [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]] language formerly spoken at the village of [[Holikachuk, Alaska|Holikachuk]] (''Hiyeghelinhdi'') on the [[Innoko River]] in central [[Alaska]]. In 1962, residents of Holikachuk relocated to [[Grayling, Alaska|Grayling]] on the lower [[Yukon River]]. Holikachuk is intermediate between the [[Deg Xinag language|Deg Xinag]] and [[Koyukon language|Koyukon]] languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, May 2007</ref>) was an [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]] language formerly spoken at the village of [[Holikachuk, Alaska|Holikachuk]] (''Hiyeghelinhdi'') on the [[Innoko River]] in central [[Alaska]]. In 1962, residents of Holikachuk relocated to [[Grayling, Alaska|Grayling]] on the lower [[Yukon River]]. Holikachuk is intermediate between the [[Deg Xinag language|Deg Xinag]] and [[Koyukon language|Koyukon]] languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
</ref> Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press</ref> In March 2012, the last living fluent speaker of Holikachuk "died" in Alaska.<ref name="ICTMN">ICTMN Staff. "Alaska Native Language Loses Last Fluent Speaker." Indian Country Today Media Network. 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. [http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/04/18/alaska-native-language-loses-last-fluent-speaker-108568]</ref>
</ref> Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press</ref> In March 2012, the last living fluent speaker of Holikachuk "died" in Alaska.<ref name="ICTMN">ICTMN Staff. "Alaska Native Language Loses Last Fluent Speaker." Indian Country Today Media Network. 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. [http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/04/18/alaska-native-language-loses-last-fluent-speaker-108568]</ref>


Revision as of 13:50, 7 November 2018

states=United States |region=Alaska (lower Yukon River, Innoko River) |ethnicity=Holikachuk people |extinct=prior to 2012 |ref=[1] |familycolor=Dené-Yeniseian |fam2=Na-Dené |fam3=Athabaskan |fam4=Northern Athabaskan |iso3= hoi |glotto=holi1241 |glottorefname=Holikachuk |script=Latin (Northern Athabaskan alphabet) | nation =  Alaska[2] }}

Holikachuk (own name: Doogh Qinag[3]) was an Athabaskan language formerly spoken at the village of Holikachuk (Hiyeghelinhdi) on the Innoko River in central Alaska. In 1962, residents of Holikachuk relocated to Grayling on the lower Yukon River. Holikachuk is intermediate between the Deg Xinag and Koyukon languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.[4] Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.[5] In March 2012, the last living fluent speaker of Holikachuk "died" in Alaska.[1]

James Kari compiled a short dictionary of Holikachuk in 1978, but Holikachuk remains one of the least documented Alaska Native languages.[6]

Examples

[7]

  • łoogg fish
  • łoogg dood mininh iligh November (literally: 'month when the eels come [swim]')
  • giggootth scales
  • q’oon’ fish eggs
  • nathdlod Indian ice cream

References

  1. ^ a b ICTMN Staff. "Alaska Native Language Loses Last Fluent Speaker." Indian Country Today Media Network. 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. [1]
  2. ^ https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/04/21/305688602/alaska-oks-bill-making-native-languages-official
  3. ^ Beth R. Leonard (2007), [http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/curriculum/PhD_Projects/BethLeonard/LeonardDissertation.pdf Deg Xinag oral traditions: reconnecting indigenous language and education through trof the University of Alaska Fairbanks, May 2007
  4. ^ Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
  5. ^ Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  6. ^ Kari, James. 1978. Holikachuk Noun Dictionary (Preliminary). Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center. ERIC ED172528
  7. ^ http://www.subsistence.adfg.state.ak.us/TechPap/tp289.pdf
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