Bacillus mycoides: Difference between revisions

Bacillus mycoides
	Bacillus mycoides growing clockwise on an agar plate.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Division:	Firmicutes
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Bacillales
Family:	Bacillaceae
Genus:	Bacillus
Species:	mycoides
Binomial name
	Bacillus mycoides;

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Bacillus mycoides is a bacterium of the genus Bacillus. Like other Bacillus species, B. mycoides is Gram positive, rod-shaped, and forms spores.

Description

B. mycoides are rod-shaped cells Bacillus mycoides cells are usually larger than 3 micrometers, form chains of cells, can form acid from glucose, and this form is non motile. Its cell body does not swell when sporulating; Using Voges–Proskauer test, B. mycoides produces a positive result. It can also hydrolyse starch. B. mycoides is a common soil organism.^[1] B. mycoides is distinct from a number of other Bacillus species in the unusual morphology of the colonies it forms when grown on agar plates. B. mycoides forms hairy colonies that spread out to fill the plate.^[2] Furthermore, B. mycoides colonies form a repeating spiral pattern.^[3] The first chiral colony pattern was described by Flügge in 1886.^[3] B. mycoides has the unusual property of being able to respond to mechanical force and surface structure variations in the media on which it is growing ^[4]

Uses

Bacillus mycoides are found in common pesticides and are used to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi. There seems to be no negative effects on humans or the environment.^{Citation needed}

Nitrogen Cycle

Bacillus mycoides is an ammonifying bacterium, and can convert peptone (protein, an organic nitrogen source) into ammonia. In water, ammonia becomes ammonium. This product is essential for nitrifying bacteria such as Nitrosococcus, which use the ammonia under aerobic conditions to make nitrite.

References

^ http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006516.htm
^ Logan NA, De Vos P (2015). "Bacillus". In Whitman WB (ed.). Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00530.
^ ^a ^b Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.
^ Stratford, JP; Woodley, MA; Park, S (2013). "Variation in the Morphology of Bacillus mycoides Due to Applied Force and Substrate Structure". PLoS ONE. 8 (12): e81549. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081549. PMC 3855686. PMID 24324702.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

External links

Type strain of Bacillus mycoides at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

This bacilli-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] ttp://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006516.htm

[Bergey-2] Logan NA, De Vos P (2015). "Bacillus". In Whitman WB (ed.). Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00530.

[DiFranco-3] Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.

[4] Stratford, JP; Woodley, MA; Park, S (2013). "Variation in the Morphology of Bacillus mycoides Due to Applied Force and Substrate Structure". PLoS ONE. 8 (12): e81549. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081549. PMC 3855686. PMID 24324702.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

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@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 | species = '''''mycoides'''''
 | binomial = ''Bacillus mycoides''
+| synonym = ''Bacillus weihenstephanensis''
 }}
+'''''Bacillus mycoides''''' is a [[bacterium]] of the genus ''[[Bacillus]]''. Like other ''Bacillus'' species, ''B. mycoides'' is [[Gram-positive bacteria|Gram positive]], [[bacillus (shape)|rod-shaped]], and forms [[endospore|spores]].
-'''''Bacillus mycoides''''' is a gram-positive [[endospore|spore-forming]] [[bacterium]] of the genus ''[[Bacillus]]''. ''Bacillus mycoides'' cells are usually larger than 3 micrometers, form chains of cells, can form acid from glucose, and this form is non motile. Its cell body does not swell when [[sporulating]]; Using [[Voges–Proskauer test]], ''B. mycoides'' produces a positive result. It can also [[hydrolyse]] starch. ''B. mycoides'' is a common soil organism.<ref>http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006516.htm</ref>
-When grown on solid media B. mycoides forms spreading colonies with a repeating spiral pattern. The direction of curvature of the pattern in a given strain is known as its chirality and is a hereditary trait.<ref>Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.</ref> The first chiral colony pattern was described by Flügge in 1886.<ref>Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.</ref> B. mycoides has the unusual property of being able to respond to mechanical force and surface structure variations in the media on which it is growing <ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Stratford | first1 = JP | last2 = Woodley | first2 = MA | last3 = Park | first3 = S | year = 2013 | title = Variation in the Morphology of Bacillus mycoides Due to Applied Force and Substrate Structure | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 8 | issue = 12| page = e81549 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0081549 | pmid=24324702 | pmc=3855686}}</ref>
+==Description==
+''B. mycoides'' are rod-shaped cells
+''Bacillus mycoides'' cells are usually larger than 3 micrometers, form chains of cells, can form acid from glucose, and this form is non motile. Its cell body does not swell when [[sporulating]]; Using [[Voges–Proskauer test]], ''B. mycoides'' produces a positive result. It can also [[hydrolyse]] starch. ''B. mycoides'' is a common soil organism.<ref>http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006516.htm</ref> ''B. mycoides'' is distinct from a number of other ''Bacillus'' species in the unusual morphology of the colonies it forms when grown on [[agar]] plates. ''B. mycoides'' forms hairy colonies that spread out to fill the plate.<ref name=Bergey>{{cite book|title=Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria |chapter=Bacillus |vauthors=Logan NA, De Vos P |date=2015 |doi=10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00530 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |editor=Whitman WB}}</ref> Furthermore, ''B. mycoides'' colonies form a repeating spiral pattern.<ref name=DiFranco>Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.</ref> The first chiral colony pattern was described by Flügge in 1886.<ref name=DiFranco/> ''B. mycoides'' has the unusual property of being able to respond to mechanical force and surface structure variations in the media on which it is growing <ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Stratford | first1 = JP | last2 = Woodley | first2 = MA | last3 = Park | first3 = S | year = 2013 | title = Variation in the Morphology of Bacillus mycoides Due to Applied Force and Substrate Structure | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 8 | issue = 12| page = e81549 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0081549 | pmid=24324702 | pmc=3855686}}</ref>
 ==Uses==