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In a way [[hardcore punk]] was a "radical departure"<ref name="auto4">Williams, Sarah. "Hardcore". In ''Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music Volume 8: North America''. Edited by John Shepherd and David Horn. p. 257-260</ref> from alternative and popular music of that era for the fact it was played "louder and harder,"<ref name="allmusic.com">{{cite web |author=Pop/Rock » Punk/New Wave » Hardcore Punk |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/hardcore-punk-ma0000002641 |title=Hardcore Punk &#124; Significant Albums, Artists and Songs |website=AllMusic |accessdate=2014-08-20 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605132203/http://www.allmusic.com/style/hardcore-punk-ma0000002641 |archivedate=2014-06-05 }}</ref> "wasn't verse-chorus rock," and "dispelled any notion of what songwriting is supposed to be [and] it's its own form"<ref name="blush">{{cite journal |last=Blush |first=Steven |title=Move Over My Chemical Romance: The Dynamic Beginnings of US Punk |journal=[[UNCUT (magazine)|Uncut]] |date=January 2007}}</ref> punk rap songs share some of the "unorthodox" characteristics. They are "short, repetitive, wrapped in distortion and grimly effective.”<ref>https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/hip-hop/7841101/lil-uzi-vert-travis-scott-moshing-metal-tees-punk-hip-hop</ref><ref>https://www.vulture.com/2017/12/the-year-rap-overtook-pop.html</ref>
In a way [[hardcore punk]] was a "radical departure"<ref name="auto4">Williams, Sarah. "Hardcore". In ''Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music Volume 8: North America''. Edited by John Shepherd and David Horn. p. 257-260</ref> from alternative and popular music of that era for the fact it was played "louder and harder,"<ref name="allmusic.com">{{cite web |author=Pop/Rock » Punk/New Wave » Hardcore Punk |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/hardcore-punk-ma0000002641 |title=Hardcore Punk &#124; Significant Albums, Artists and Songs |website=AllMusic |accessdate=2014-08-20 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605132203/http://www.allmusic.com/style/hardcore-punk-ma0000002641 |archivedate=2014-06-05 }}</ref> "wasn't verse-chorus rock," and "dispelled any notion of what songwriting is supposed to be [and] it's its own form"<ref name="blush">{{cite journal |last=Blush |first=Steven |title=Move Over My Chemical Romance: The Dynamic Beginnings of US Punk |journal=[[UNCUT (magazine)|Uncut]] |date=January 2007}}</ref> punk rap songs share some of the "unorthodox" characteristics. They are "short, repetitive, wrapped in distortion and grimly effective.”<ref>https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/hip-hop/7841101/lil-uzi-vert-travis-scott-moshing-metal-tees-punk-hip-hop</ref><ref>https://www.vulture.com/2017/12/the-year-rap-overtook-pop.html</ref>

==Relations with other genres==
===Emo rap===
{{main|emo rap}}
Emo rap departs from the "traditional" tones found in modern mainstream hip hop in favor of more emotional and personal lyrical content,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.popdust.com/to-be-young-emo-black-2430350601.html|title=To Be Young, Emo, & Black|author=Deascent|date=July 2, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/1481-to-be-young-angsty-and-black-on-raps-emo-moment/|title=To Be Young, Angsty, and Black: On Rap’s Emo Moment {{!}} Pitchfork|website=Pitchfork.com|access-date=March 3, 2018}}</ref> described by the Wall Street Journal as "giving their elders the finger."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/hip-hops-generation-gap-emo-vs-dad-rap-1516118193|title=Hip-Hop's Generation Gap: ‘Emo’ vs. ‘Dad’ Rap|last=Shah|first=Neil|date=January 16, 2018|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=March 3, 2018|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> Lyrics tend to focus on topics such as depression,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.michigandaily.com/section/arts/sad-new-guard-emo-rap|title=The sad new guard of emo rap|work=The Michigan Daily|access-date=April 27, 2018}}</ref> loneliness, anxiety,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2140855/sex-drugs-violence-and-face-tattoos-mumble-rap-explained|title=Sex, drugs, violence and face tattoos: mumble rap explained|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=April 27, 2018}}</ref> drug abuse, nihilism,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/01/08/lil-xan-and-the-year-in-sad-rap|title=Lil Xan and the Year in Sad Rap|last=Battan|first=Carrie|date=January 1, 2018|work=The New Yorker|access-date=March 3, 2018|issn=0028-792X}}</ref> suicide, heartbreak,<ref>{{Citation|last=Genius|title=How Lil Peep, Lil Uzi Vert, and Trippie Redd Are Bringing Back Emo {{!}} Genius News|date=September 19, 2017|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKhMq4VE79Y|accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> and self-medication.<ref name="auto2">{{Citation|last=HipHopDX|title=Emo Rap Over Everything?|date=September 16, 2017|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEjj21-dHgc|accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> The genre is characterized by its combination of musical elements commonly found in [[conscious hip hop]] with [[indie rock]] instrumentals<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/videos/id.26231/title.the-breakdown-emo-rap-over-everything#|title=The Breakdown: Emo Rap Over Everything?|author=Murs|date=September 16, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}</ref> [[Sampling (music)|Sampling]] often utilizes 2000s [[pop punk]] and [[emo]] songs, a fusion first popularized by [[MC Lars]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1494453/mc-lars-sends-up-emo-on-new-single-which-stars-fake-band-hearts-that-hate/|title=MC Lars Sends Up Emo on New Single, Which Stars Fake Band Hearts That Hate|accessdate=January 18, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/5859/MC-Lars-The-Graduate/|title=MC Lars - The Graduate (album review ) |website=Sputnikmusic.com|accessdate=January 18, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/getuponthispod/183-w-mc-lars|title=183 w/ MC Lars|website=SoundCloud.com|access-date=June 12, 2016}}</ref>

Horse Head of the collective [[GothBoiClique]] has described the music as "...sort of nostalgic, but it's new too...no one's really done shit like this. It's like emo rap and melodic trap".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stayloud.skullcandy.com/stories/underground-rap-meets-emo-revivalism/|title=UNDERGROUND RAP MEETS EMO REVIVALISM|author=Lee Shaner|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}</ref> Fans and artist of the genre along with the scene that surrounds it are often referred to as "sad boys", in reference to emo rapper [[Yung Lean]]'s music group by the same name.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/mar/05/original-angstas-why-the-stars-of-sad-rap-arent-afraid-to-cry|title=Original angstas – why the stars of sad rap aren't afraid to cry|last=Lester|first=Paul|date=March 5, 2015|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=March 26, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theringer.com/music/2017/8/30/16225968/emo-xxxtentacion-lil-peep-brand-new|title=XXXTentacion, Lil Peep, and the Future of Emo|work=The Ringer|access-date=March 26, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skiddle.com/news/all/SadBoys-of-Soundcloud-8211-an-introduction-to-the-world-of-emo-rap/54217/|title=SadBoys of Soundcloud – an introduction to the world of emo rap|website=Skiddle.com|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

===SoundCloud scene===
A series of punk rap microgenres conflated with '''[[emo rap]]''' and '''mumble rap'''<ref>{{cite news |last= Beaumont-Thomas |first= Ben |date= April 5, 2018 |title= Lil Xan: Total Xanarchy review – moronic rap to make you feel old |url= https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/apr/05/lil-xan-total-xanarchy-review-moronic-rap-to-make-you-feel-old |work= [[The Guardian]] |access-date= August 6, 2018}}</ref> originated on the online audio distribution platform [[SoundCloud]] in the 2010s.<ref name="wweek">{{Cite news|url=http://www.wweek.com/music/2018/01/24/an-ageng-hip-hop-fan-and-wws-resident-hypebeast-debate-the-new-sound-of-rap/|title=An Aging Hip-Hop Fan and WW’s Resident Hypebeast Debate the New Sound of Rap|work=Willamette Week|access-date=2018-01-29|language=en-US}}</ref> It is characterized for its simple beat, unpolished sound emphasizing "abandon" over structure, "rawness" over dexterity; its "renegade energy" having more in common with hardcore than hip-hop, with live shows frequently featuring [[Moshing|mosh pits]].<ref name="Complex"/> Lyrics range from the egocentric and nihilistic to containing discussion of sex, drugs, money, jewelry, designer clothing, and partying<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://miccheque.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/is-mumble-rap-killing-hip-hop/|title=Is "Mumble Rap" Killing Hip Hop?|date=2017-07-22|work=Mic Cheque|access-date=2018-01-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/shout/music/mumble-rap-either-you-love-it-or-hate-it-1517851|title=Mumble Rap - Either you love it or hate it|last=Mushfiqur|first=Shanto|date=2018-01-11|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|access-date=2018-01-30}}</ref><ref name="wweek" /> to depression and anxiety.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.michigandaily.com/section/arts/sad-new-guard-emo-rap|title=The sad new guard of emo rap|work=The Michigan Daily|access-date=April 27, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2140855/sex-drugs-violence-and-face-tattoos-mumble-rap-explained|title=Sex, drugs, violence and face tattoos: mumble rap explained|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=April 27, 2018}}</ref> One of the rapping styles "mumble rappers" employ is the "aye" [[Rapping#Flow|flow]], where they add words such as "yeah," "aye," and "uh" to the start or end of their lines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://genius.com/a/how-the-ayy-flow-became-the-hottest-thing-in-hip-hop|title=How The "Ayy" Flow Became The Hottest Thing In Hip-Hop|website=[[Genius (website)|Genius]]|access-date=2018-01-30}}</ref>

In 2017, music critic [[Jon Caramanica]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' opined that SoundCloud rap "in the last year has become the most vital and disruptive new movement in hip-hop."<ref name="Complex">{{cite news|first=Jon|last=Caramanica|title=The Rowdy World of Rap's New Underground|date=June 22, 2017|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/22/arts/music/soundcloud-rap-lil-pump-smokepurrp-xxxtentacion.html}}</ref> [[Todd Moscowitz]], the founder of Alamo Records, called the scene a "[[lo-fi music|lo-fi]] movement" noting the heavily distorted bass and intentional lack of polish in the sound. When [[Ski Mask the Slump God]] discussed the lo-fi's genre's sound and recording techniques, he noted that "It was like the worst recording set up, [but] you could set it up anywhere and that was the wave we were on," and "The raw energy of that – the distortion – is our speciality and we used that to our advantage."<ref>{{cite magazine| title=Look At Me!: The Noisy, Blown-Out SoundCloud Revolution Redefining Rap|first=David|last=Turner|date= June 1, 2017|work=Rolling Stone| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/look-at-me-the-noisy-soundcloud-revolution-changing-rap-w485101}}</ref> ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]'' noted that the SoundCloud company has not been able to leverage the popularity of SoundCloud rap to improve its financial problems.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=Why Soundcloud Rap Couldn't Save Soundcloud|first=Jordan|last= Sargent|date= July 14, 2017|work=Spin| url=https://www.spin.com/2017/07/why-soundcloud-rap-couldnt-save-soundcloud/}}</ref> In January 2019, citing the deaths of rappers [[Lil Peep]] in 2017 and [[XXXTentacion]] in 2018, [[Lil Xan]]'s entry into rehab, and [[6ix9ine]]'s legal troubles, Stephen Witt of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine argued that the SoundCloud rap wave of the past few years was now in decline.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/tekashi-69-rise-and-fall-feature-777971/|title=Tekashi 69: The Rise and Fall of a Hip-Hop Supervillain|last=Witt|first=Stephen|last2=Witt|first2=Stephen|date=2019-01-16|website=Rolling Stone|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref>

====Mumble rappers====
{{For|the Belly mixtape|Mumble Rap (mixtape)}}
{{Infobox music genre <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Music genres -->
| name = Mumble rap
| other_names = {{hlist|EDM rap<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2017/06/what_is_mumble_rap_25_essentia.html|title=What is mumble rap? 25 essential songs from Future, Migos and more|first=Troy|last=Smith|date=6 June 2017|website=cleveland.com}}</ref>|melodic rap<ref name="auto"/>|[[emo rap]]<ref>{{cite web |title=21 Rappers Under 21 Who Are Shaping Hip-Hop |url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/21-best-rappers-under-21 |website=[[Red Bull Music Academy]] |accessdate=6 June 2019}}</ref>}}
| stylistic_origins
| cultural_origins = Early 2010s<ref name=":2"/>
| instruments = {{hlist|[[Vocals]] ([[Auto-Tune]]<ref name="bongminesentertainment.com">{{cite web|url=https://bongminesentertainment.com/mumble-rap-hiphop-culture/|title=5 Ways How Mumble Rap has Influenced Urban Pop Culture|first=Emily|last=Johnson|date=7 May 2018|website=Bongminesentertainment.com|accessdate=29 January 2019}}</ref>)|[[guitar]]<ref name="bongminesentertainment.com"/>|[[drum machine]] ([[Roland TR-808]])<ref name="bongminesentertainment.com"/>}}
| regional_scenes= [[Music of Miami#Hip Hop|South Florida]] ; [[Atlanta|Atlanta Metropolitan Area]]
| other_topics =
| bgcolor = darkblue
| color = white
}}
The term "mumble rap" describes a loosely defined<ref name=":2" /> [[microgenre]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theeastcarolinian.com/arts_and_entertainment/article_6d5cc630-b54a-11e8-84ab-9f4fae295fb5.html |title=The real ‘Slim Shady’ strikes again with latest album release &#124; Arts & Entertainment |website=Theeastcarolinian.com |date=2018-09-10 |accessdate=2018-09-27}}</ref> of punk rap, with primary [[Drill music|drill]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thesource.com/2018/04/20/j-cole-puts-mumble-rappers-in-their-place-on-his-new-album-kod-outro-1985/ |title=J. Cole Puts Mumble Rappers In Their Place On His New Album 'KOD' outro, '1985' |work=[[The Source]] |date=April 20, 2018 |author=Washington, Brad |accessdate=November 29, 2018}}</ref> and [[indie rock]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-reg-xxxtentacion-shot-miami-20180618-story.html|title=Slain rapper XXXTentacion might have been targeted in 'random robbery,' his lawyer says|first=Brett Clarkson, Tonya Alanez, Linda|last=Trischitta|website=Sun-Sentinel.com|accessdate=29 January 2019}}</ref> influences, that largely spread on SoundCloud in the 2010s.<ref name="wweek2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.wweek.com/music/2018/01/24/an-aging-hip-hop-fan-and-wws-resident-hypebeast-debate-the-new-sound-of-rap/|title=An Aging Hip-Hop Fan and WW's Resident Hypebeast Debate the New Sound of Rap|last=|first=|date=|work=Willamette Week|access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref> The term refers to rappers who do not put typical emphasis on clear vocal delivery<ref name=Billy/> which contradicts the "traditional" perception of what rapping should be. Others have used it in reference to its lyricism,<ref name=Billy>{{Cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/7625631/rise-of-mumble-rap-lyricism-2016 |title=The Rise of 'Mumble Rap': Did Lyricism Take a Hit in 2016? |website=Billboard.com |access-date=2018-08-28}}</ref> which was contested as inaccurate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2017/06/what_is_mumble_rap_25_essentia.html|title=What is mumble rap? 25 essential songs from Future, Migos and more|last=Smith|first=Troy L.|last2=Clevel|date=2017-06-06|website=cleveland|language=en|access-date=2019-12-08|last3=.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Coker |first= Hillary |date= December 5, 2017 |title= The Who's Who Of SoundCloud Rap |url= https://genius.com/a/breaking-down-the-origins-of-mumble-rap |work= [[Genius (website)|Genius]] |access-date= December 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://djbooth.net/features/2017-11-29-desiigner-calls-out-old-people-talkin-mumble-rap|title="It's Corny": Desiigner Calls Out "Old People Talkin' That Mumble Rap"|last=Zisook|first=Brian "Z"|website=DJBooth.net|language=en|access-date=2018-12-14}}</ref> Others defended the style as a new phase in the evolution of the rap genre.<ref name="mn2s.com">{{Cite web|url=https://mn2s.com/news/features/mumble-rap/|title=What is Mumble Rap? {{!}} Features {{!}} MN2S|website=Mn2s.com|access-date=2018-01-30}}</ref> Some artists have since [[reappropriation|reclaimed]] the term.<ref name="ringer">{{cite web|url=https://theringer.com/mumble-rap-moratorium-lil-yachty-desiigner-15bc3647dae9|title=Declaring a Moratorium on the Term "Mumble Rap"|author=Charity, Justin|first=|date=April 18, 2017|publisher=[[The Ringer (website)|The Ringer]]|accessdate=May 14, 2017}}</ref>

There is disagreement over who first rapped in such a style, although its creation has been attributed to rappers such as [[Gucci Mane]], [[Chief Keef]], and most notably [[Future (rapper)|Future]], whose 2011 single "[[Pluto (Future album)|Tony Montana]]" is often cited as the first mumble rap song.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.vibe.com/featured/mumble-rap-essay/|title=Is Mumble Rap Really Such A Terrible Thing?|date=2017-06-06|work=Vibe|access-date=2018-09-04}}</ref> Some have claimed that artists such as [[Das EFX]] and [[Fu-Schnickens]] rapped in a similar style years before the term was created.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.vibe.com/featured/mumble-rap-essay/|title=Is Mumble Rap Really Such A Terrible Thing?|last=Jasmine|first=Alyse|date=2017-06-06|work=[[Vibe Magazine|Vibe]]|access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 06:48, 31 January 2020

For the punk genre that includes rapping, see Rapcore.
Not to be confused with Hardcore hip hop or Electropunk.
"SoundCloud/mumble rap" redirects here. For the related genre also called "SoundCloud rap", see Emo rap.
Punk rap
Stylistic origins
Cultural originsLate 2000s and early 2010s
Local scenes
Other topics
Punk rapper Denzel Curry

Punk rap is a fusion genre that fuses elements of hip hop with elements and rebellious ethos of punk rock.[2] The genre has been described as being influenced by styles such as trap music,[3] punk rock,[2] heavy metal[4] and lo-fi music.[4]

One of the earliest proponents of the scene was Odd Future, due to their merging of hip hop with anarchist values and shock humor.[5] In an article for the BBC, journalist Thomas Hobbs referred to the rise of the genre as being a rebellion against the politics of the period, with artists showing disdain for topics such as Brexit, the presidency of Donald Trump and global warming.[5]

“[Rock music] is stagnant, yet here we are in 2019 still clinging on to this old idea of what rock ‘n’ roll is. People get upset that the old attitude doesn’t exist anymore, but it’s right there in front of them: we’re the new rock stars”.

— Barrington DeVaughn Hendricks[5]

Characteristics

Vocals and structure

Some artists makes use of sonic elements of punk rock, such as screaming, whereas others make use of its attitude and melodic style.[2] Vulture online described its origins as "the product of a convergence between Atlanta trap and the devilish eclecticism of Miami predecessors like SpaceGhostPurrp".[3] Lil Jon's harsh style of vocalisation has also been cited as influence on the development of the genre.[5]

“It’s what the game needs now; Someone who doesn’t give a fuck about the rules and is just going to fuck shit up.”

— Ski Mask the Slump God (2017)[6]

In a way hardcore punk was a "radical departure"[7] from alternative and popular music of that era for the fact it was played "louder and harder,"[8] "wasn't verse-chorus rock," and "dispelled any notion of what songwriting is supposed to be [and] it's its own form"[9] punk rap songs share some of the "unorthodox" characteristics. They are "short, repetitive, wrapped in distortion and grimly effective.”[10][11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Frank Guan (2017-11-27). "Explaining the Influences and Success of Lil Pump". Vulture.com. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  2. ^ a b c Robles, Julian. "10 Punk-Rap & Punk-Pop Artists You Should Listen To". HotNewHipHop. Retrieved 5 February 2019.
  3. ^ a b Guan, Frank. "Rap Dominated Pop in 2017, and It's Not Going Anywhere Anytime Soon". Vulture. Retrieved 5 February 2019.
  4. ^ a b "Denzel Curry's New Battle Cry, "Hate Government," is An Important Reminder". 15 May 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d Hobbs, Thomas. "How today's rappers are resurrecting the spirit of punk". BBC. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  6. ^ https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/hip-hop/7841101/lil-uzi-vert-travis-scott-moshing-metal-tees-punk-hip-hop
  7. ^ Williams, Sarah. "Hardcore". In Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music Volume 8: North America. Edited by John Shepherd and David Horn. p. 257-260
  8. ^ Pop/Rock » Punk/New Wave » Hardcore Punk. "Hardcore Punk | Significant Albums, Artists and Songs". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 2014-06-05. Retrieved 2014-08-20.
  9. ^ Blush, Steven (January 2007). "Move Over My Chemical Romance: The Dynamic Beginnings of US Punk". Uncut.
  10. ^ https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/hip-hop/7841101/lil-uzi-vert-travis-scott-moshing-metal-tees-punk-hip-hop
  11. ^ https://www.vulture.com/2017/12/the-year-rap-overtook-pop.html
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