1989 Indian general election in Kerala: Difference between revisions

1989 Indian general election
20 seats
Turnout	79.30% (2.18%)
	Kerala

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The 1989 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the ninth Lok Sabha from Kerala.^[1] Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 17 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won the remaining 3 seats.^[2] Turnout for the election was at 79.30%^[3] In the Lok Sabha, INC won plurality of seats, however Janata Dal (JD), led by V. P. Singh formed the government, albeit a short-lived one, with support from BJP and CPI(M).

Alliances and parties

^[4]

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) contested in 19 seats.

United Democratic Front

No.	Party	Election Symbol	Seats Contested	Seats Won
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Indian National Congress/meta/color;color:white" \|1.	Indian National Congress		17	14
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Indian Union Muslim League/meta/color;color:white" \|2.	Indian Union Muslim League	File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.png	2	2
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Kerala Congress (Mani)/meta/color;color:white" \|3.	Kerala Congress (M)		1	1

Left Democratic Front

No.	Party	Election Symbol	Seats Contested	Seats Won
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color;color:white" \|1.	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	Key	10	2
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Communist Party of India/meta/color;color:white" \|2.	Communist Party of India	Star	3	0
3.	Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha		1	1
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;color:black" \|4.	Independents		3	0
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Janata Dal/meta/color;color:white" \|5.	Janata Dal		1	0
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)/meta/color;color:white" \|6.	Revolutionary Socialist Party		1	0
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Kerala Congress/meta/color;color:black" \|7.	Kerala Congress		1	0

Bharatiya Janata Party

No.	Party	Election Symbol	Seats Contested	Seats Won
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color" \|1.	Bharatiya Janata Party		19	0

List of elected MPs

^[5]

No.	Constituency	Name of Elected M.P.	Party Affiliation
1	Kasaragod	Ramanna Rai	CPI(M)
2	Kannur	Mullappally Ramachandran	INC
3	Vatakara	K. P. Unnikrishnan	ICS(SCS)
4	Kozhikode	K. Muraleedharan	INC
5	Manjeri	E. Ahamed	IUML
6	Ponnani	Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait	IUML
7	Palakkad	A. Vijayaraghavan	CPI(M)
8	Ottapalam	K. R. Narayanan	INC
9	Thrissur	P. A. Antony	INC
10	Mukundapuram	Savitri Lakshmanan	INC
11	Ernakulam	K. V. Thomas	INC
12	Muvattupuzha	P. C. Thomas	KC(M)
13	Kottayam	Ramesh Chennithala	INC
14	Idukki	K. M. Mathew	INC
15	Alappuzha	Vakkom Purushothaman	INC
16	Mavelikkara	P. J. Kurien	INC
17	Adoor	Kodikunnil Suresh	INC
18	Kollam	S. Krishna Kumar	INC
19	Chirayankil	Thalekunnil Basheer	INC
20	Thiruvananthapuram	A. Charles	INC

Results

Performance of political parties

^[6]

Vote Share by alliance

UDF (49.29%)

LDF (42.93%)

BJP (4.51%)

Other (3.27%)

No.	Party	Political Front	Seats	Votes	%Votes	±pp
1	Indian National Congress	UDF	14	62,18,850	41.70%	8.43
2	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	LDF	2	34,11,227	22.87%	0.60
3	Communist Party of India	LDF	0	9,24,994	6.20%	1.17
4	Indian Union Muslim League	UDF	2	7,80,322	5.23%	0.06
5	Bharatiya Janata Party	NDA	0	6,72,613	4.51%	2.76
6	Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha	LDF	1	3,70,434	2.48%	1.90
7	Revolutionary Socialist Party	LDF	0	3,59,393	2.41%	new
8	Kerala Congress (M)	UDF	1	3,52,191	2.36%	new
9	Janata Dal	LDF	0	2,77,682	1.86%	new
10	Kerala Congress	LDF	0	68,811	0.46%	1.91
11	Janata Party	none	0	38,492	0.26%	1.87
12	Bahujan Samaj Party	none	0	17,762	0.12%	new
13	Deseeya Karshaka Party	none	0	3,059	0.02%	new
14	Socialist Unity Centre of India	none	0	2,151	0.01%	new
Independents			0	14,14,560	9.49%	2.40

By constituency

^[7]

No.	Constituency	UDF candidate	Votes	%	Party	LDF candidate	Votes	%	Party	BJP / Other candidate	Votes	%	Party	Winning alliance	Margin
1	Kasaragod	I. Rama Rai	3,57,177	44.5%	INC	M. Rammana Rai	3,58,723	44.7%	CPI(M)	C. K. Padmanabhan	69,419	8.6%	BJP	style="background:Template:Left Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|LDF	1,546
2	Kannur	Mullappally Ramachandran	3,91,042	50.1%	INC	P. Sasi	3,48,638	44.6%	CPI(M)	Palliyara Raman	31,266	4.0%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	42,404
3	Vatakara	A. Sujanapal	3,62,225	45.5%	INC	K. P. Unnikrishnan	3,70,434	46.5%	ICS(SCS)	P. K. Krishnadas	45,558	5.7%	BJP	style="background:Template:Left Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|LDF	8,209
4	Kozhikode	K. Muraleedharan	3,77,858	47.9%	INC	E. K. Imbichibava	3,48,901	44.3%	CPI(M)	P. S. Sreedharan Pillai	49,696	6.3%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	28,957
5	Manjeri	Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait	4,01,975	49.6%	IUML	K. V. Salahuddin	3,31,693	40.9%	IND	Ahalya Sankar	51,634	7.0%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	70,282
6	Ponnani	G. M. Banatwalia	3,78,347	53.2%	IUML	M. Rahmathulia	2,70,828	38.1%	CPI	K. Janachandran	48,892	6.9%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	1,07,519
7	Palakkad	V. S. Vijayaraghavan	3,47,115	46.8%	INC	A. Vijayaraghavan	3,48,401	47.0%	CPI(M)	T. Chandrasekharan	27,220	3.7%	BJP	style="background:Template:Left Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|LDF	1,286
8	Ottapalam	K. R. Narayanan	3,50,683	48.5%	INC	Lenin Rajendran	3,24,496	44.9%	CPI(M)	Lakshmanan	32,892	4.5%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	26,187
9	Thrissur	P. A. Antony	3,38,271	47.0%	INC	Meenakshi Thampan	3,32,036	46.2%	CPI	K. V. Sreedharan	38,205	5.3%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	6,235
10	Mukundapuram	Savithri Lakshmanan	3,67,931	48.5%	INC	C. O. Poulose	3,49,177	46.0%	CPI(M)	K. K. Gangadharan	28,781	3.8%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	18,754
11	Ernakulam	K. V. Thomas	3,85,176	49.6%	INC	P. Subramnoian Poti	3,48,711	44.9%	IND	A. N. Radhakrishnan	29,162	3.8%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	36,465
12	Muvattupuzha	P. C. Thomas	3,52,191	48.1%	KC(M)	P. J. Joseph	68,811	9.4%	KEC	C. Poulose	2,83,380	38.7%	IND	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	68,811
13	Kottayam	Ramesh Chennithala	3,84,809	51.1%	INC	K. Suresh Kurup	3,31,276	44.0%	CPI(M)	Ettumanoor Radhakrishnan	18,449	2.5%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	53,533
14	Idukki	K. M. Mathew	3,98,516	53.4%	INC	M. C. Josephine	3,07,037	41.1%	CPI(M)	M. N. Jayachandran	25,354	3.4%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	91,479
15	Alappuzha	Vakkom Purushotham	3,75,763	50.0%	INC	K. V. Devadas	3,50,640	46.7%	CPI(M)	K. D. Ramakrishnan	15,127	2.0%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	25,123
16	Mavelikkara	P. J. Kurian	3,34,864	50.9%	INC	Thampan Thomas	2,77,682	42.2%	JD	Prathapachandra Verma	30,229	4.6%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	57,182
17	Adoor	Kodikunnil Suresh	3,43,672	49.6%	INC	N. Rajan	3,22,130	46.5%	CPI	E. K. Sasidharan	17,123	2.5%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	21,542
18	Kollam	S. Krishnakumar	3,86,855	49.9%	INC	Babu Divakaran	3,59,393	46.4%	RSP	P. K. S. Rajeev	16,202	2.1%	IND	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	27,462
19	Chirayinkil	Thalekunnil Basheer	3,49,068	47.8%	INC	Susheela Gopalan	3,43,938	47.1%	CPI(M)	V. N. Gopalakrishnan Nair	23,049	3.2%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	5,130
20	Trivandrum	A. Charles	3,67,825	48.6%	INC	O. N. V. Kurup	3,16,912	41.9%	IND	P. Asok Kumar	56,046	7.4%	BJP	style="background:Template:United Democratic Front (Kerala)/meta/color" \|UDF	50,913

References

^ "General Election, 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "PC: Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1989 TO THE 9th LOK SABHA" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "PC: Alliances Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Roy Mathew. "Indian Parliament Elections 1989: Kerala Winners". keralaassembly.org. Retrieved 2020-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "PC: Party-wise performance for 1989 Kerala".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "PC: Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[1] "General Election, 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[2] "PC: Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[3] "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1989 TO THE 9th LOK SABHA" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[4] "PC: Alliances Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[5] Roy Mathew. "Indian Parliament Elections 1989: Kerala Winners". keralaassembly.org. Retrieved 2020-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[6] "PC: Party-wise performance for 1989 Kerala".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[:0-7] "PC: Kerala 1989".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

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@@ Line 272: / Line 272: @@
 !Votes
 !%Votes
+!±pp
 |-
 |1
@@ Line 279: / Line 280: @@
 |62,18,850
 |41.70%
+|{{increase}}8.43
 |-
 |2
@@ Line 286: / Line 288: @@
 |34,11,227
 |22.87%
+|{{increase}}0.60
 |-
 |3
@@ Line 293: / Line 296: @@
 |9,24,994
 |6.20%
+|{{decrease}}1.17
 |-
 |4
@@ Line 300: / Line 304: @@
 |7,80,322
 |5.23%
+|{{decrease}}0.06
 |-
 |5
@@ Line 307: / Line 312: @@
 |6,72,613
 |4.51%
+|{{increase}}2.76
 |-
 |6
@@ Line 314: / Line 320: @@
 |3,70,434
 |2.48%
+|{{decrease}}1.90
 |-
 |7
@@ Line 321: / Line 328: @@
 |3,59,393
 |2.41%
+|new
 |-
 |8
@@ Line 328: / Line 336: @@
 |3,52,191
 |2.36%
+|new
 |-
 |9
@@ Line 335: / Line 344: @@
 |2,77,682
 |1.86%
+|new
 |-
 |10
@@ Line 342: / Line 352: @@
 |68,811
 |0.46%
+|{{decrease}}1.91
 |-
 |11
@@ Line 349: / Line 360: @@
 |38,492
 |0.26%
+|{{increase}}1.87
 |-
 |12
@@ Line 356: / Line 368: @@
 |17,762
 |0.12%
+|new
 |-
 |13
@@ Line 363: / Line 376: @@
 |3,059
 |0.02%
+|new
 |-
 |14
@@ Line 370: / Line 384: @@
 |2,151
 |0.01%
+|new
 |-
 | colspan="3" |''Independents''
@@ Line 375: / Line 390: @@
 |14,14,560
 |9.49%
+|{{increase}}2.40
 |}

v t e Elections in Kerala
General elections	1957 1962 1967 1971 1977 1980 1984 1989 1991 1996 1998 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024
Legislative Assembly	1952 (TC) 1954 (TC) 1957 1960 1965 1967 1970 1977 1980 1982 1987 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026
Local elections	... 2010 2015 2020
See also: Elections in India