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[[File:Brad Parscale Arrest on September 28, 2020.webp|thumb|Brad Parscale arrested on September 28, 2020]]
[[File:Brad Parscale Arrest on September 28, 2020.webp|thumb|Brad Parscale arrested on September 28, 2020]]


===Health issues===
On September 27, 2020, Parscale was hospitalized after his wife told Fort Lauderdale police that he had guns and he was threatening to harm himself; upon arriving at Parscale's home, an officer reported that "Bradley’s speech was slurred as though he was under the influence of an alcoholic beverage and he seemed to be crying."<ref>{{cite news | last =Clarkson | first =Brett |last2 =Erblat | first2 =Austen |last3 =Lyons |first3 =David | last4 =Wallman | first4 = Brittany| title =Former Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after he was armed and threatening to harm himself, Fort Lauderdale police say | work =[[South Florida Sun Sentinel]] | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =September 27, 2020 | url =https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fort-lauderdale/fl-ne-brad-parscale-incident-fort-lauderdale-20200928-g4bcine3fbb7jhjniiroo3yuse-story.html | accessdate =September 27, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=O'Reilly|first=Andrew|date=2020-09-27|title=Trump's ex-campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after threatening to harm himself: officials|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trumps-ex-campaign-manager-brad-parscale-detained-armed-harm-himself|access-date=2020-09-28|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=Man|first=Mario Ariza, Anthony|title=Ex-Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale was drunk and agitated in standoff, police say. Then his cop friend showed up.|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fort-lauderdale/fl-ne-brad-parscale-suicide-attempt-saved-by-cop-friend-20200928-irc2wvhvczblhakhnsdnfeppme-story.html|access-date=2020-09-28|website=sun-sentinel.com}}</ref> Officers seized 10 firearms from the home and reported that Parscale's wife had cuts and bruises on her arms and face, which she said Parscale had inflicted earlier in the week, though she later said that her statements had been "misconstrued" and denied that Parscale had been violent toward her.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":8" /> Parscale was detained and involuntarily committed and psychiatrically examined under terms of the [[Florida Mental Health Act|Baker Act]].<ref>{{cite news | last =Smiley | first =David |last2 =Chambers | first2 =Francesca | title =Former Trump campaign manager involuntarily committed, Fort Lauderdale police say | newspaper =[[Miami Herald]] | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =September 27, 2020 | url =https://www.miamiherald.com/news/politics-government/article246056115.html | accessdate =September 27, 2020 }}</ref> ''Politico'' reported that the couple had told people they were experiencing continuing distress since their twin children died prematurely in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Isenstadt|first=Alex|last2=Fineout|first2=Gary|date=September 30, 2020|title=Parscale steps away from Trump campaign as wife denies physical abuse|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/30/brad-parscale-stepping-down-trump-campaign-424069|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=POLITICO}}</ref>
On September 27, 2020, Parscale was hospitalized after his wife told Fort Lauderdale police that he had guns and he was threatening to harm himself; upon arriving at Parscale's home, an officer reported that "Bradley’s speech was slurred as though he was under the influence of an alcoholic beverage and he seemed to be crying."<ref>{{cite news | last =Clarkson | first =Brett |last2 =Erblat | first2 =Austen |last3 =Lyons |first3 =David | last4 =Wallman | first4 = Brittany| title =Former Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after he was armed and threatening to harm himself, Fort Lauderdale police say | work =[[South Florida Sun Sentinel]] | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =September 27, 2020 | url =https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fort-lauderdale/fl-ne-brad-parscale-incident-fort-lauderdale-20200928-g4bcine3fbb7jhjniiroo3yuse-story.html | accessdate =September 27, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=O'Reilly|first=Andrew|date=2020-09-27|title=Trump's ex-campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after threatening to harm himself: officials|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trumps-ex-campaign-manager-brad-parscale-detained-armed-harm-himself|access-date=2020-09-28|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=Man|first=Mario Ariza, Anthony|title=Ex-Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale was drunk and agitated in standoff, police say. Then his cop friend showed up.|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fort-lauderdale/fl-ne-brad-parscale-suicide-attempt-saved-by-cop-friend-20200928-irc2wvhvczblhakhnsdnfeppme-story.html|access-date=2020-09-28|website=sun-sentinel.com}}</ref> Officers seized 10 firearms from the home and reported that Parscale's wife had cuts and bruises on her arms and face, which she said Parscale had inflicted earlier in the week, though she later said that her statements had been "misconstrued" and denied that Parscale had been violent toward her.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":8" /> Parscale was detained and involuntarily committed and psychiatrically examined under terms of the [[Florida Mental Health Act|Baker Act]].<ref>{{cite news | last =Smiley | first =David |last2 =Chambers | first2 =Francesca | title =Former Trump campaign manager involuntarily committed, Fort Lauderdale police say | newspaper =[[Miami Herald]] | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =September 27, 2020 | url =https://www.miamiherald.com/news/politics-government/article246056115.html | accessdate =September 27, 2020 }}</ref> ''Politico'' reported that the couple had told people they were experiencing continuing distress since their twin children died prematurely in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Isenstadt|first=Alex|last2=Fineout|first2=Gary|date=September 30, 2020|title=Parscale steps away from Trump campaign as wife denies physical abuse|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/30/brad-parscale-stepping-down-trump-campaign-424069|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=POLITICO}}</ref>


Revision as of 19:04, 6 November 2020

Brad Parscale
A worm's eye view of Parscale
Parscale in 2018
Born
Bradley James Parscale

(1976-01-03) January 3, 1976 (age 48)
Topeka, Kansas, U.S.
EducationTrinity University (BS)
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
Candice Parscale
​
(m. 2012)​
Children1

Brad Parscale (born January 3, 1976) is an American digital consultant and political advisor who served as the senior adviser for data and digital operations for Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign. He previously served as the digital media director for Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign and as campaign manager for Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign from February 2018 to July 2020, being replaced by Bill Stepien.[1] On September 30, 2020, he provided a statement to Politico announcing that he was "stepping away from my company and any role in the campaign for the immediate future to focus on my family and get help dealing with the overwhelming stress."[2][3]

Parscale began working for the Trump Organization in 2011, developing and designing websites and creating and managing digital media strategies. In early 2015, Trump hired Parscale and his firm, Giles-Parscale, to create a website for his exploratory campaign. When Trump declared himself a Republican candidate in 2015, he asked Parscale to update the exploratory campaign site into a "full-fledged presidential campaign website."[4]

Throughout the Republican primary, Parscale was responsible on behalf of Trump for managing the website, as well as digital media strategies and online fundraising campaigns. In June 2016, Parscale was officially named digital media director for Trump for President campaign, overseeing all aspects of digital media and online fundraising, as well as traditional media strategy, like radio and television placements.[5]

In January 2017, Parscale, along with senior Trump aide, Nick Ayers, launched America First Policies, an organization that promotes President Trump's agenda and White House initiatives.[6]

Early life and education

Parscale was born in Topeka, Kansas. His father, Dwight Parscale, was an assistant attorney general in Kansas who ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1974, age 28. In 1990, he ran unsuccessfully for state attorney general, both times as a Democrat.[7][8] Dwight Parscale owned a restaurant and operated a string of other businesses over the years, with Brad's mother, Rita. In the 1990s, Dwight Parscale was the CEO of NewTek, a computer products company.[7]

Parscale, who is 6 ft 8 in (203 cm),[9] played basketball at Shawnee Heights High School in Tecumseh, Kansas, graduating in 1994.[10] He then attended two junior colleges,[8] playing basketball well enough to get an athletic scholarship at the University of Texas at San Antonio.[11][12] His father relocated NewTek to San Antonio while Parscale was playing basketball there.[13]

Parscale left UT-San Antonio after one year; a knee injury cost him his sports scholarship.[13] He transferred to Trinity University, also in San Antonio, where he earned a bachelor's degree in finance, international business and economics, graduating in 1999.[14]

Career

Early years

Parscale moved to Orange County, California following graduation from college, to work for his father, then the CEO of animation-software company called Electric Image;[15] Parscale worked as the sales manager, at a salary of $95,000.[16] The company filed for bankruptcy in August 2002, and Parscale and his parents returned to San Antonio.[16]

In San Antonio, Parscale became a website developer.[13] in October 2005 he incorporated his website business,[16] which mostly produced simple websites for brick-and-mortar businesses in the area.[15] Parscale has said that he started the company with an initial investment of $500;[17][18] real estate records show that he owned three San Antonio homes at the time.[16]

Giles–Parscale

After Parscale worked on several projects with graphic and web designer Jill Giles (who had her own small firm), the company Giles–Parscale was formed in July 2011.[16] In early 2013, Parscale was also running another company, DevDemon, which marketed add-ons for web development; in a technology investment partnership (Turner Parscale LLC);[19] and was involved in a physical therapy business.[20] By May 2015, Giles-Parscale owned a 18,000 square foot building and had 46 employees and 800 clients.[17]

In April 2012, the company was hired to build a website for Trump International Realty, after a deliberately low bid of $10,000.[21] That led to further work in the Trump family: Trump Winery, the Eric Trump Foundation,[4] and Caviar Complexe, Melania Trump’s line of skin-care products.[16] It also led to the firm's extensive work for the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign, and Parscale becoming the campaign's digital director (see below).

In mid-2017, Parscale spun off his political work to a new company, Parscale Strategy, and relocated that business to Florida.[22] In August 2017, the remaining company operations (commercial and consumer) were purchased by CloudCommerce, a penny-stock firm, in a deal valued at $9 million in stock,[23][24] and were renamed Parscale Digital.[22] CloudCommerce also acquired San Antonio-based Parscale Media, but not Florida-based Parscale Strategy; Parscale became a member of the CloudCommerce board of directors.[24]

In June 2018, Giles Design Bureau was broken out as a separate entity, run by Giles, with a staff of 15; Giles remained a major stockholder in CloudCommerce.[24]

2016 Donald Trump presidential campaign

Main article: Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign

In early 2015, Parscale's firm, Giles-Parscale, was hired to create a website for Donald Trump's exploratory campaign, charging $1,500 for the work.[25] Between October and December 2015, Giles-Parscale was paid $21,000 by the Trump campaign.[26]

Through the entire election cycle, Giles-Parscale was paid $94 million by the Trump campaign.[27] In 2016, Parscale was named the campaign's digital director.[28]

Parscale used social media advertisements with an experiment based strategy of different face expressions, font colors and slogans like "Basket of Deplorables."[29] Parscale's specific roles included heading the oversight of the digital advertising, TV advertising, small dollar fundraising, direct mail, political and advertising budget, and was also the RNC liaison working daily with Katie Walsh who was then the Republican National Committee's chief of staff. He was also the head of the data science and research, which included polling. Parscale claims that after realizing Virginia and Ohio were unable to be swayed, he decided to re-allocate the campaign resources to Michigan and Wisconsin.[citation needed] This shift included the decision to send Trump to Michigan and Wisconsin and focus efforts heavily on the two states. This decision was instrumental in winning the election as Trump won both the historically democratic states.[citation needed]

Parscale heavily used employees from Facebook, Twitter, Google, and other platforms for the campaign advertisements and embedded them on his staff to navigate the Facebook, Twitter, and Google platforms so that his staff would utilize all capabilities of these platforms.[30][31] He denied having any assistance linked to Russia.[30][31] Parscale did not have data scientists or any digital team during the Republican Primary and did much of the social media advertising from his home.[32]

Parscale was able to utilize Facebook advertising to directly target individual voters in swing states.[32] Parscale later said that he was able to target specific universes (audiences) who cared about infrastructure and promoted Trump and his message to build back up the crumbling American infrastructure. Although he hired Cambridge Analytica to assist with microtargeting and Cambridge Analytica stated that it was the key to Trump's victory, Parscale denied that he gained assistance from the firm because he thinks that Cambridge Analytica's use of psychographics doesn't work.[31] Parscale also said: "I understood early that Facebook was how Donald Trump was going to win. Twitter is how he talked to the people. Facebook was going to be how he won."[30]

The Trump campaign initially had solely Donald Trump's personal funding to back his campaign. Parscale set up a major grassroots campaign on Facebook that brought in funding quickly from across the U.S.[33] Parscale attributed the success of his vast social media presence to using the assistance offered by companies such as Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat and Google. He said that because the Trump campaign intended to spend $100 million on social media, companies in that area were prepared to assist the campaign in using that money effectively.[33] The Washington Post later wrote that, in light of Trump's narrow electoral margin, Parscale could "justifiably take credit" for his victory.[34]

Parscale holding a microphone and standing at a lectern
Parscale speaking at an event (the Turning Point USA Student Action Summit) in December 2018

The database of voter information that drove Parscale's social media advertising campaigns in the 2016 election was dubbed "Project Alamo", a name which eventually encompassed all of the associated fundraising and political advertising efforts.[35]

2020 Donald Trump presidential campaign

Main article: Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign

On February 27, 2018, President Trump named Parscale his 2020 re-election campaign manager.[36]

On March 2, 2018, Parscale founded "firewall company" Red State Data and Digital to allow working with the America First super PAC during the midterm elections, which Parscale claimed does not violate election rules prohibiting coordination between a campaign and a super PAC. Red State received more than $900,000 in business from America First Action.[37][38]

On August 30, 2019, CNN reported that a pro-Trump super PAC paid thousands to a company owned by Parscale's wife.[39]

In March 2020, The New York Times reported that Parscale was paying $15,000 a month to Lara Trump and Kimberly Guilfoyle, the wife and girlfriend respectively of Eric Trump and Donald Trump Jr., for campaign work.[40]

On April 29, 2020, CNN reported that Trump was angry with Parscale about low poll numbers.[41]

In June 2020, while working to get supporters to an upcoming campaign rally with President Trump in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Parscale reported that he had received over 800,000 requests for tickets to the event, according to The Washington Times.[42] Despite this claim, many seats remained empty at the 19,000-seat arena.[43] The Tulsa fire marshal estimated that fewer than 6,200 attended.[44]

On July 15, 2020, Trump tweeted that Parscale would be replaced in the role of campaign manager by Bill Stepien, but that Parscale would continue to advise the campaign.[45]

Parscale's spending decisions for the Trump campaign were questioned after his departure as campaign manager. By that time, more than $800,000 had been spent by the Trump campaign on boosting Parscale's social media pages, and $39 million was given to two companies owned by Parscale. The campaign also purchased ads which appeared to be intended to please Trump himself, including more than $1 million in ads for Washington, D.C. media market. According to The New York Times, many of the Trump campaign's spending specifics were "opaque".[46]

On September 30, 2020, Parscale provided a statement to Politico announcing that he was "stepping away from my company and any role in the campaign for the immediate future to focus on my family and get help dealing with the overwhelming stress"; campaign communications director Tim Murtaugh confirmed the statement.[2][3]

Personal life

Parscale became a father in July 1999. His daughter's mother was a 22-year-old woman whom he had met while she was working at a San Antonio tanning salon. The couple married in March 2003. Parscale filed for divorce in August 2004; the divorce was finalized in October 2007.[16]

In the summer of 2012, he married Candice Blount.[20] As of July 2019, the couple owned three residences in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.[47]

File:Brad Parscale Arrest on September 28, 2020.webp
Brad Parscale arrested on September 28, 2020

Health issues

On September 27, 2020, Parscale was hospitalized after his wife told Fort Lauderdale police that he had guns and he was threatening to harm himself; upon arriving at Parscale's home, an officer reported that "Bradley’s speech was slurred as though he was under the influence of an alcoholic beverage and he seemed to be crying."[48][49][50] Officers seized 10 firearms from the home and reported that Parscale's wife had cuts and bruises on her arms and face, which she said Parscale had inflicted earlier in the week, though she later said that her statements had been "misconstrued" and denied that Parscale had been violent toward her.[3][50] Parscale was detained and involuntarily committed and psychiatrically examined under terms of the Baker Act.[51] Politico reported that the couple had told people they were experiencing continuing distress since their twin children died prematurely in 2016.[52]

See also

References

  1. ^ Haberman, Maggie (July 15, 2020). "Trump Replaces Brad Parscale as Campaign Manager, Elevating Bill Stepien". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Trump Senior Adviser Brad Parscale Steps Away From Campaign After Police Incident". NPR.org. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  3. ^ a b c "Parscale steps away from Trump campaign as wife denies physical abuse". POLITICO. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  4. ^ a b Thomas, Mike W. (June 25, 2015). "You're hired! Local firm tapped to build Donald Trump for President website". San Antonio Business Journal. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  5. ^ Bykowicz, Julie (October 6, 2016). "A fan of the cyber: Donald Trump is just now pouring lots of money into digital data". Salon. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  6. ^ Gold, Matea (January 30, 2017). "Trump allies launch nonprofit to support the administration's agenda". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  7. ^ a b Wingerter, Justin (September 4, 2016). "Brad Parscale, a Topeka native, is driving Donald Trump's digital push". The Topeka Capital-Journal. Retrieved July 6, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ a b Gomez, Henry J. (June 6, 2017). "The Most Important Donald Trump Campaign Adviser You've Never Heard Of". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved July 6, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ Maggie Haberman (October 28, 2018). "Selling Donald Trump: A First-Time Campaign Manager Tries to Defy the Doubters". The New York Times. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  10. ^ Shank, Tiernan (February 28, 2018). "Former Topekan to lead Trump's 2020 re-election campaign". WIBW. Retrieved July 5, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ "Three Reasons Trump Chose Brad Parscale to Run His 2020 Campaign". Bloomberg.com. February 27, 2018. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  12. ^ Ranker, Luke. "Trump names Topeka native Brad Parscale as 2020 campaign manager". The Topeka Capital-Journal. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
  13. ^ a b c Nowlin, Sanford (May 15, 2018). "After Ushering the Trump Circus Into The White House, Brad Parscale Is Turning His Megaphone on San Antonio". San Antonio Current. Retrieved July 5, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ Svitek, Patrick (August 25, 2016). "Meet the San Antonio Tech Guru Who's Leading Trump's Digital Charge". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  15. ^ a b Marantz, Andrew. "The Man Behind Trump's Facebook Juggernaut". The New Yorker. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Peter Elkind with Doris Burke, The Myths of the “Genius” Behind Trump’s Reelection Campaign. Sept. 11, 2019 ProPublica
  17. ^ a b Lorek, Laura (May 20, 2015). "A Technology Revolution is Brewing in San Antonio". Silicon Hills News. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  18. ^ "Trump Digital Director Brad Parscale Explains Data That Led To Victory on 'Kelly File'". Real Clear Politics. November 16, 2016. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  19. ^ "Turner Parscale LLC purchases assets and rights to EECI". Turner Pascale. Archived from the original on January 18, 2013. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  20. ^ a b Parker, Donna (March 1, 2013). "This industrious Trinity graduate runs three businesses, just got married and has a teenage daughter. Life is good". Trinity University. Retrieved July 6, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  21. ^ Kranish, Michael (November 9, 2018). "How Brad Parscale, once a 'nobody in San Antonio,' shaped Trump's combative politics and rose to his inner circle". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  22. ^ a b Ehlinger, Samantha (August 1, 2017). "Parscale sells commercial business to CloudCommerce in $9 million deal". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  23. ^ Horwitz, Jeff (February 27, 2018). "Trump campaign chief lends name to penny stock tied to felon". AP.com. The Associated Press. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  24. ^ a b c Biediger, Shari (June 14, 2018). "Giles Sheds Parscale Name in Relaunch of Design, Branding Firm". The Rivard Report. Institute for Nonprofit News. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  25. ^ Green, Joshua; Issenberg, Sasha (October 27, 2016). "Why the Trump Machine Is Built to Last Beyond the Election". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  26. ^ Lapowsky, Issie (August 19, 2016). "The Man Behind Trump's Bid to Finally Take Digital Seriously". Wired. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  27. ^ Matea Gold and Anu Narayanswamy (January 31, 2017). "Trump already has socked away more than $7 million for his 2020 reelection". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 9, 2017.
  28. ^ "Trump unveils re-election campaign chief". BBC News. February 27, 2018. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  29. ^ Pramuk, Jacob (October 9, 2017). "Trump's digital director explains how he used Facebook to help win the White House". CNBC. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  30. ^ a b c Secret Weapon, retrieved March 12, 2018
  31. ^ a b c Stahl, Lesley (October 8, 2017). "Facebook "embeds," Russia and the Trump campaign's secret weapon". CBS News. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  32. ^ a b "Parscale: TV news "thought I was a joke"". Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  33. ^ a b Ellyatt, Holly (November 9, 2017). "How I helped get Trump elected: The president's digital guru". Yahoo Finance. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
  34. ^ Bump, Philip (October 9, 2017). "Analysis | '60 Minutes' profiles the genius who won Trump's campaign: Facebook". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved February 27, 2018.
  35. ^ Meyer, Josh. "Democrats fume over Parscale's limited answers on Russian digital meddling". Politico. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
  36. ^ Bash, Dana (February 27, 2018). "Trump taps Brad Parscale to run his 2020 re-election campaign". cnn.com. Retrieved February 27, 2018.
  37. ^ Vicky Ward (August 30, 2019). "Pro-Trump super PAC paid thousands to firm owned by Trump's campaign manager". CNN. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
  38. ^ "Firm tied to top Trump campaign aide Brad Parscale has side deal with pro-Trump super PAC". abcnews.go.co. August 30, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2019. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  39. ^ Ward, Vicky. "Pro-Trump super PAC paid thousands to firm owned by Trump's campaign manager". CNN.
  40. ^ Sollenberger, Roger (April 24, 2020). "Eric Trump's wife and Don Jr.'s girlfriend are on Brad Parscale's payroll — at $15K a month". Salon. Retrieved June 23, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ^ CNN, Jeremy Diamond. "Trump erupts at campaign manager as reelection stress overflows". CNN. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  42. ^ "Trump campaign says ticket requests for Oklahoma rally surpass 800,000". The Washington Times. June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  43. ^ "Trump Returns To Campaign Trail With A Familiar Message In A Changing World". NPR.org.
  44. ^ Monica Alba, Kristen Welker, Carol E. Lee, Trump 'furious' about 'underwhelming' crowd at Tulsa rally, NBC News, June 21, 2020
  45. ^ Trump, Donald (July 15, 2020). "I am pleased to announce that Bill Stepien has been promoted to the role of Trump Campaign Manager". Twitter. Retrieved July 15, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  46. ^ Goldmacher, Shane; Haberman, Maggie (September 7, 2020). "How Trump's Billion-Dollar Campaign Lost Its Cash Advantage". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
  47. ^ Man, Anthony (July 26, 2019). "Fish out of water? Donald Trump's campaign manager makes his home in the most Democratic part of Florida". sun-sentinel.com. Retrieved June 23, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  48. ^ Clarkson, Brett; Erblat, Austen; Lyons, David; Wallman, Brittany (September 27, 2020). "Former Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after he was armed and threatening to harm himself, Fort Lauderdale police say". South Florida Sun Sentinel. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  49. ^ O'Reilly, Andrew (September 27, 2020). "Trump's ex-campaign manager Brad Parscale hospitalized after threatening to harm himself: officials". Fox News. Retrieved September 28, 2020.
  50. ^ a b Man, Mario Ariza, Anthony. "Ex-Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale was drunk and agitated in standoff, police say. Then his cop friend showed up". sun-sentinel.com. Retrieved September 28, 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  51. ^ Smiley, David; Chambers, Francesca (September 27, 2020). "Former Trump campaign manager involuntarily committed, Fort Lauderdale police say". Miami Herald. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  52. ^ Isenstadt, Alex; Fineout, Gary (September 30, 2020). "Parscale steps away from Trump campaign as wife denies physical abuse". POLITICO.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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