No. 224 Group RAF: Difference between revisions

No. 224 Group
No. 224 Group
Country	United Kingdom
Branch	Royal Air Force
Part of	Far East Air Force

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Revision as of 22:08, 4 December 2020

No. 224 Group of the Royal Air Force was established during World War II and was operational during the Cold War.

The group was formed on 3 February 1942 as No 224 (Fighter) Group in Singapore.^[1] It was disbanded within two months, as the Japanese seized Singapore, on 28 March 1942. It was reformed three days later on 1 April 1942, and renamed No 224 (Tactical) Group on 1 Dec 1942.

On 1 July 1944 the Group was part of the RAF Third Tactical Air Force alongside No. 221 Group RAF; No. 177 Wing RAF; the 3d Combat Cargo Group USAAF, and the 12th Bombardment Group USAAF.^[2] 3 TAF was itself part of Eastern Air Command, Air Command South-East Asia.

It was disbanded by renaming the Group as Air Headquarters Malaya on 30 September 1945. The Malayan Emergency began in 1948, prompting a significant military buildup.^[3]

No. 90 (Composite) Wing RAAF arrived from Australia to supervise two RAAF squadrons in 1950, operating under AHQ Malaya. No. 1 (Bomber) Squadron, flew Avro Lincolns, and No. 38 (Transport) Squadron flew Douglas C-47 Dakotas. It was established in July 1950 and headquartered at Changi, on the east coast of Singapore. No. 1 Squadron operated from RAF Tengah, in Singapore's west. No. 38 Squadron was based at Changi and, from April 1951 to February 1952, at Kuala Lumpur in central Malaya. The Lincolns generally conducted area bombing missions, as well as precision strikes, to harass communist insurgents. The Dakotas were tasked with airlifting cargo, VIPs, troops and casualties, as well as courier flights and supply drops. Following No. 38 Squadron's departure in December 1952, No. 90 Wing was disbanded, leaving No. 1 Squadron to carry on as the sole RAAF unit in the Malayan air campaign until its withdrawal to Australia in July 1958.

No. 224 Group was then reformed twelve years later on 31 August 1957 from AHQ Malaya. From 1959 it was a combined RAF-Royal Australian Air Force formation.

224 Group units during January 1962 included:^[4]

No. 20 Squadron RAF, RAF Tengah, Hawker Hunter FGA.9
No. 34 Squadron RAF, RAF Seletar, Blackburn Beverley C.1
No. 45 Squadron RAF, RAF Tengah, English Electric Canberra B.2
No. 52 Squadron RAF, RAF Butterworth, Vickers Valetta C.1
No. 60 Squadron RAF, RAF Tengah, Gloster Javelin FAW.9
No. 81 Squadron RAF, RAF Tengah, Canberra PR.7
No. 110 Squadron RAF, RAF Butterworth, Bristol Sycamore HR.14 (plus Whirlwinds later, as attested by Smith^[5])
No. 209 Squadron RAF, RAF Seletar, Scottish Aviation Pioneer CC.1 & Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer CC.1 & CC.2

Other squadrons listed by Eric Smith as having been engaged during the Confrontation with Indonesia included^[5] 64 (Javelin F9s from Tengah, with a forward location at Labuan/Kuching); 205 (Shackleton MR2s from Changi); 215 (Argosy C1s from Changi); 66 (Belvedere HC1s from Seletar); 103 and 230 deployed from the UK with Whirlwind 10s; No. 28 Squadron RAF at Kai Tak, Hong Kong flying Hawker Hunter GA. 9s on air defence patrols; 48 flying Hastings C1/C2s from Changi; and No. 65 Squadron RAF, operating Bristol Bloodhound surface to air missiles from Seletar, with a forward detachment at Kuching.

The group's its last commander was an Australian, Air Vice Marshal Brian Eaton RAAF. When Eaton took over, at the end of November 1964, permanent squadrons were "dropping from the [group's] strength" and as the group disbanded, on 1 October 1968, Eaton took over as Chief of Staff at Headquarters Far East Air Force the following year.^[6]^[7]

Notes

^ http://www.rafweb.org/Organsation/Grp07.htm
^ APPENDIX XII Order of Battle, Air Command, South-East Asia, 1st July 1944
^ ESmith 1985, p. 5-10.
^ Rawlings 1985, p. 240.
^ ^a ^b ESmith 1985, p. 109.
^ Coulthard-Clark, Air Marshals of the RAAF, p. 34
^ Stephens, Going Solo, p. 255

References

Rawlings, J D R (1985). The History of the Royal Air Force. Feltham Middlesex, UK: Temple Press.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
Smith, E.D. (1985). Counter-Insurgency Operations. 1, Malaya and Borneo. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 9780711014626.

[1] ttp://www.rafweb.org/Organsation/Grp07.htm

[Orbat1744-2] APPENDIX XII Order of Battle, Air Command, South-East Asia, 1st July 1944

[FOOTNOTEESmith19855-10-3] ESmith 1985, p. 5-10.

[FOOTNOTERawlings1985240-4] Rawlings 1985, p. 240.

[FOOTNOTEESmith1985109-5] ESmith 1985, p. 109.

[Air_Marshals-6] Coulthard-Clark, Air Marshals of the RAAF, p. 34

[7] Stephens, Going Solo, p. 255

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 On 1 July 1944 the Group was part of the [[RAF Third Tactical Air Force]] alongside [[No. 221 Group RAF]]; [[No. 177 Wing RAF]]; the [[3d Combat Cargo Group]] USAAF, and the [[12th Bombardment Group]] USAAF.<ref name=Orbat1744>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-RAF-III/UK-RAF-III-XII.html APPENDIX XII Order of Battle, Air Command, South-East Asia, 1st July 1944]</ref> 3 TAF was itself part of Eastern Air Command, [[Air Command South-East Asia]].
-It was disbanded by renaming as Air Headquarters Malaya on 30 September 1945. The [[Malayan Emergency]] began in 1948, prompting a significant military buildup.
+It was disbanded by renaming the Group as Air Headquarters Malaya on 30 September 1945. The [[Malayan Emergency]] began in 1948, prompting a significant military buildup.{{sfn|ESmith|1985|p=5-10}}
-[[No. 90 (Composite) Wing RAAF]] arrived from [[Australia]] to supervise two RAAF squadrons in 1950, operating under AHQ Malaya. [[No. 1 Squadron RAAF|No.&nbsp;1 (Bomber) Squadron]], flew [[Avro Lincoln]]s, and [[No. 38 Squadron RAAF|No.&nbsp;38 (Transport) Squadron]] flew [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|Douglas C-47 Dakotas]]. It was established in July 1950 and headquartered at [[Changi Air Base|Changi]], on the east coast of Singapore.  No.&nbsp;1 Squadron operated from [[Tengah Air Base|Tengah]], in Singapore's west. No.&nbsp;38 Squadron was based at Changi and, from April 1951 to February 1952, at [[Kuala Lumpur]] in central Malaya.  The Lincolns generally conducted [[Area bombardment|area bombing]] missions, as well as precision strikes, to harass communist insurgents. The Dakotas were tasked with airlifting cargo, [[Very important person|VIPs]], troops and casualties, as well as courier flights and supply drops. Following No.&nbsp;38 Squadron's departure in December 1952, No.&nbsp;90 Wing was disbanded, leaving No.&nbsp;1 Squadron to carry on as the sole RAAF unit in the Malayan air campaign until its withdrawal to Australia in July 1958.
+[[No. 90 (Composite) Wing RAAF]] arrived from [[Australia]] to supervise two RAAF squadrons in 1950, operating under AHQ Malaya. [[No. 1 Squadron RAAF|No.&nbsp;1 (Bomber) Squadron]], flew [[Avro Lincoln]]s, and [[No. 38 Squadron RAAF|No.&nbsp;38 (Transport) Squadron]] flew [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|Douglas C-47 Dakotas]]. It was established in July 1950 and headquartered at [[Changi Air Base|Changi]], on the east coast of Singapore.  No.&nbsp;1 Squadron operated from [[Tengah Air Base|RAF Tengah]], in Singapore's west. No.&nbsp;38 Squadron was based at Changi and, from April 1951 to February 1952, at [[Kuala Lumpur]] in central Malaya.  The Lincolns generally conducted [[Area bombardment|area bombing]] missions, as well as precision strikes, to harass communist insurgents. The Dakotas were tasked with airlifting cargo, [[Very important person|VIPs]], troops and casualties, as well as courier flights and supply drops. Following No.&nbsp;38 Squadron's departure in December 1952, No.&nbsp;90 Wing was disbanded, leaving No.&nbsp;1 Squadron to carry on as the sole RAAF unit in the Malayan air campaign until its withdrawal to Australia in July 1958.
 No. 224 Group was then reformed twelve years later on 31 August 1957 from AHQ Malaya. From 1959 it was a combined RAF-[[Royal Australian Air Force]] formation.