Morchellaceae: Difference between revisions
They said Verpa in the same sentence as true Morelsc implying they are edible. They are not! They are the main look-a-like and are poisonous! Do not consume! The way it was worded is very confusing and makes it sound like they are basically the same as morels, vs not ever being sold as edible. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
I wrote look-a-like. I looked it up, and according to google I should have used the noun spelling which is “lookalike” since it’s “a lookalike.” Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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The '''Morchellaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Ascomycota|ascomycete]] fungi in the order [[Pezizales]]. According to a standard reference work, the family has contained at least 49 [[species]] distributed among 4 [[genera]],<ref name=Kirk2008/> but in 2012, 5 [[genera]] producing the [[sequestrate]] and hypogeous [[ascoma]] were added.<ref name=TrappeEtAl2010/> The best-known members are the highly regarded and commercially picked true [[morel]]s of the genus ''[[Morchella]]'', the thimble morels of the genus ''[[Verpa]]'' (not edible, |
The '''Morchellaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Ascomycota|ascomycete]] fungi in the order [[Pezizales]]. According to a standard reference work, the family has contained at least 49 [[species]] distributed among 4 [[genera]],<ref name=Kirk2008/> but in 2012, 5 [[genera]] producing the [[sequestrate]] and hypogeous [[ascoma]] were added.<ref name=TrappeEtAl2010/> The best-known members are the highly regarded and commercially picked true [[morel]]s of the genus ''[[Morchella]]'', the thimble morels of the genus ''[[Verpa]]'' (not edible, lookalikes of true morels) , and a genus of cup-shaped fungi ''[[Disciotis]]''. The remaining four genera produce the sequestrate fruit bodies. |
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Analysis of the [[ribosomal DNA]] of many of the [[Pezizales]] showed the three genera ''Verpa'', ''Morchella'', and ''Disciotis'' to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae.<ref name=ODonnell1997/> |
Analysis of the [[ribosomal DNA]] of many of the [[Pezizales]] showed the three genera ''Verpa'', ''Morchella'', and ''Disciotis'' to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae.<ref name=ODonnell1997/> |
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Revision as of 21:31, 14 January 2021
| Morchellaceae | |
|---|---|
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| Morchella esculenta | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Pezizomycetes |
| Order: | Pezizales |
| Family: | Morchellaceae Rchb. (1834) |
| Type genus | |
| Morchella | |
| Genera | |
The Morchellaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Pezizales. According to a standard reference work, the family has contained at least 49 species distributed among 4 genera,[1] but in 2012, 5 genera producing the sequestrate and hypogeous ascoma were added.[2] The best-known members are the highly regarded and commercially picked true morels of the genus Morchella, the thimble morels of the genus Verpa (not edible, lookalikes of true morels) , and a genus of cup-shaped fungi Disciotis. The remaining four genera produce the sequestrate fruit bodies.
Analysis of the ribosomal DNA of many of the Pezizales showed the three genera Verpa, Morchella, and Disciotis to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae.[3]
Genera
Costantinella (anamorph)
Disciotis (terrestrial)
Morchella (terrestrial)
Verpa (terrestrial)
Kalapuya (hypogeous)
Imaia (hypogeous)
Leucangium (hypogeous)
Fischerula (hypogeous)
Description
Other than the anamorph genus Costantinella, the three remaining genera of Morchellaceae are distinguished by ascocarp morphology. Morchella species have an ascocarp with a sponge-like pileus, with a hollow stipe and pileus. Verpa species have a cup-like or thimble-shaped, smooth or wrinkled pileus above a hollow stipe. Disciotis has a cup-like pileus with vein-like hymenial folds and a small or nonexistent stipe.[4] The ascospores are ellipsoid, smooth, and usually hyaline.[5]
See also
Media related to Morchellaceae at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Morchellaceae at Wikispecies
References
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 439. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ Trappe MJ, Trappe JM, Bonito GM (2010). "Kalapuya brunnea gen. & sp. nov. and its relationship to the other squestrate genera in Morchellaceae". Mycologia. 102 (5): 1058–1065. doi:10.3852/09-232. PMID 20943505.
- ^ O'Donnell K, Cigelnik E, Weber NS, Trappe JM (1997). "Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetous truffles and the true and false morels inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis". Mycologia. 89 (1): 48–65. doi:10.2307/3761172. JSTOR 3761172. (subscription required)
- ^ Bunyard BA, Nicholson MS, Royse DJ (1995). "Phylogenetic resolution of Morchella, Verpa, and Disciotis (Pezizales: Morchellaceae) based on restriction enzyme analysis of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene". Experimental Mycology. 19 (3): 223–33. doi:10.1006/emyc.1995.1027. PMID 7553270.
- ^ Kimbrough JW. (1970). "Current trends in the classification of Discomycetes". Botanical Review. 36 (2): 91–161. doi:10.1007/BF02858958.