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|magazine = Comic Days
|magazine = Comic Days
|first = March 2, 2018
|first = March 2, 2018
|last =
|last =
|volumes = 6
|volumes = 6
|volume_list = List of Parasyte volumes#Parasyte Reversi
|volume_list = List of Parasyte volumes#Parasyte Reversi
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===Live-action films===
===Live-action films===
Hollywood's [[New Line Cinema]] had acquired the film rights to ''Parasyte'' in 2005,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/anime_news/AJ201311280040|title=Horror manga 'Parasyte' gets movie, anime television adaptation|date=28 November 2013|publisher=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183734/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/anime_news/AJ201311280040|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=19 October 2016}}</ref> and a film adaptation was reported to be in the works, with [[Jim Henson Studios]] and [[Don Murphy]] allegedly in charge of production.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-09-20/jim-henson-studios-to-produce-parasyte|title = Jim Henson Studios to produce Parasyte|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=September 20, 2005|access-date=November 19, 2013}}</ref> New Line Cinema's option expired in 2013, prompting a bidding war in Japan. Film studio and distributor [[Toho]] won the rights, and decided to adapt the manga into a two-part live-action film series directed by [[Takashi Yamazaki]]. The first part, ''[[Parasyte: Part 1]]'', was released in November 2014 and the second part, ''[[Parasyte: Part 2]]'', was released in April 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-11-19/hitoshi-iwaaki-parasyte-sci-fi-manga-gets-2-live-action-films-in-2014-2015|title=Hitoshi Iwaaki's Parasyte Sci-Fi Manga Gets 2 Live-Action Films in 2014–2015|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=November 19, 2013|access-date=November 19, 2013}}</ref>
Hollywood's [[New Line Cinema]] had acquired the film rights to ''Parasyte'' in 2005,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/anime_news/AJ201311280040|title=Horror manga 'Parasyte' gets movie, anime television adaptation|date=28 November 2013|publisher=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183734/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/anime_news/AJ201311280040|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=19 October 2016}}</ref> and a film adaptation was reported to be in the works, with [[Jim Henson Studios]] and [[Don Murphy]] allegedly in charge of production.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-09-20/jim-henson-studios-to-produce-parasyte|title=Jim Henson Studios to produce Parasyte|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=September 20, 2005|access-date=November 19, 2013}}</ref> New Line Cinema's option expired in 2013, prompting a bidding war in Japan. Film studio and distributor [[Toho]] won the rights, and decided to adapt the manga into a two-part live-action film series directed by [[Takashi Yamazaki]]. The first part, ''[[Parasyte: Part 1]]'', was released in November 2014 and the second part, ''[[Parasyte: Part 2]]'', was released in April 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-11-19/hitoshi-iwaaki-parasyte-sci-fi-manga-gets-2-live-action-films-in-2014-2015|title=Hitoshi Iwaaki's Parasyte Sci-Fi Manga Gets 2 Live-Action Films in 2014–2015|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=November 19, 2013|access-date=November 19, 2013}}</ref>


===Anime===
===Anime===

Revision as of 16:06, 9 March 2021

This article is about the manga series. For other uses, see Parasite (disambiguation).
Parasyte
File:Kiseiju volume 4.jpg
Cover of the fourth volume of Kiseijū, featuring Shinichi Izumi and Migi
寄生獣
(Kiseijū)
Genre
Manga
Written byHitoshi Iwaaki
Published byKodansha
English publisher
Magazine
  • Morning Open Zōkan
  • (1988–1989)
  • Monthly Afternoon
  • (1990–1995)
DemographicSeinen
Original run1988 – 1995
Volumes10 (List of volumes)
Anime television series
Parasyte -the maxim-
Directed byKenichi Shimizu
Produced by
  • Toshio Nakatani
  • Hiroyuki Inage
  • Atsushi Kirimoto
  • Yuka Ōshima
  • Sōta Shioiri
  • Daisuke Fukada
Written byShōji Yonemura
Music byKen Arai
StudioMadhouse
Licensed by
Original networkNippon TV
English network
Original run October 9, 2014 – March 26, 2015
Episodes24 (List of episodes)
Live action films
Manga
Parasyte Reversi
Written byMoare Ohta
Published byKodansha
MagazineComic Days
DemographicSeinen
Original runMarch 2, 2018 – present
Volumes6 (List of volumes)

Parasyte (Japanese: 寄生獣, Hepburn: Kiseijū, lit. "Parasitic Beasts") is a Japanese science fiction horror manga series written and illustrated by Hitoshi Iwaaki and published in Kodansha's Morning Open Zōkan and Monthly Afternoon magazine from 1988 to 1995. The manga was published in North America by first Tokyopop, then Del Rey, and finally Kodansha Comics.

The manga has been adapted into two live-action films in Japan in 2014 and 2015 respectively. An anime television series adaptation by Madhouse, titled Parasyte -the maxim-, aired in Japan between October 2014 and March 2015. The English-language dub aired on Adult Swim's Toonami programming block in the United States between October 2015 and April 2016.

Parasyte won the Kodansha Manga Award for the general category in 1993 and the Seiun Award for best manga in 1996. As of December 2020, the manga had over 24 million copies in circulation.

Plot

See also: List of Parasyte characters
A manga panel showing a Parasite getting ready to attack a human being.

Parasyte centers on a male 17-year-old high school student named Shinichi Izumi, who lives with his mother and father in a quiet neighborhood in Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan. One night, tiny worm-like aliens with drill-like heads called Parasites arrive on Earth, taking over the brains of their hosts by entering through their ears or noses. One Parasite attempts to crawl into Shinichi's nose while he sleeps, but fails as Shinichi wakes up, and enters his body by burrowing into his arm instead. In the Japanese version, it takes over his right hand and is named Migi (ミギー), after the Japanese word for 'right'.

Because Shinichi was able to prevent Migi from traveling further up into his brain, both beings retain their separate intellect and personality. As the duo encounters other Parasites, they capitalize on their strange situation and gradually form a strong bond, working together to survive. This gives them an edge in battling other Parasites who frequently attack the pair upon realization that Shinichi's human brain is still intact. Shinichi feels compelled to fight other Parasites, who devour other members of the species they infect as food, while enlisting Migi's help.

The series explores philosophical questions such as the meaning of humanity, humans' relationship to the environment and other species, the role of instinct and love, and the inherent anthropocentrism of morality. Shinichi's experience with Migi causes him to question if humanity has any right to claim moral superiority to the parasites, while Migi and Reiko Tamura's experiences with humans cause them to take on more human traits, such as love and sacrifice.[5][6]

Development

Iwaaki chose a high school setting due to a scene he had thought of. When considering a scene where Migi turns his shape into a penis in front of Satomi Murano, Iwaaki believed that the scene would work best in a high school setting, so Iwaaki gave Parasyte a high school setting.[7]

Media

Manga

Main article: List of Parasyte volumes

Parasyte was originally serialized in Kodansha's Morning Open Zōkan from 1988[8] and switched to Monthly Afternoon after a few issues, were it ran from 1990 to 1995.[8] Kodansha collected its chapters in ten tankōbon volumes, released from July 20, 1990 to March 15, 1995.[9][10] It was later republished in eight kanzenban volumes from January 21 to June 21, 2003.[11][12]

It was originally licensed for English translation and North American distribution by Tokyopop, which published the series over 12 volumes. The Tokyopop version ran in Mixxzine.[13] Daily pages from the Tokyopop version ran in the Japanimation Station, a service accessible to users of America Online.[14] The Tokyopop English-language manga went out of print on May 2, 2005.[15] Del Rey Manga later acquired the rights to the series,[16] and published eight volumes following the kanzenban release. Kodansha Comics later republished the volumes in North America between 2011 and 2012.

Tributes and spin-off

A tribute project titled Neo Parasyte m (ネオ寄生獣, Neo Kiseijū), consisting of various one-shots written and illustrated by various manga artists, and based on the original manga to promote the then upcoming anime adaptation, began publishing on Monthly Afternoon on September 25, 2014.[17] The list of collaborators includes; Akira Hiramoto,[18] Yukari Takinami,[19] Yasushi Nirasawa,[20] Hiroki Endo,[21] Riichi Ueshiba,[22][23] Ryōji Minagawa,[24] Takatoshi Kumakura,[25] Peach-Pit,[26] Hiro Mashima,[27] Moare Ohta,[28] Takayuki Takeya and Moto Hagio.[29] The stories were collected into a single volume, published by Kodansha on July 22, 2016.[30] In North America, Kodansha USA published the volume on November 21, 2017.[31]

Another tribute project, titled Neo Parasyte f (ネオ寄生獣ｆ, Neo Kiseijū f), began in Kodansha's Aria on September 27, 2014.[32] The list of collaborators includes; MikiMaki, Miki Rinno,[32] Ema Tōyama, Hikaru Suruga,[33] Asumiko Nakamura, Kaori Yuki, Yuri Narushima, Yui Kuroe,[34] Renjuro Kindaichi, Banko Kuze, Kashio,[35] Yūki Obata, Asia Watanabe, Lalako Kojima and Hajime Shinjō.[36] Kodansha compiled the stories into two volumes, published digitally on April 24, 2015.[37][38] Kodansha USA published the stories into a single volume, released on October 25, 2016.[39]

A spin-off manga, titled Parasyte Reversi (寄生獣リバーシ, Kiseijū Ribāshi), started on Kodansha's Comic Days app on March 2, 2018. It is written and illustrated by Moare Ohta.[40]

Live-action films

Hollywood's New Line Cinema had acquired the film rights to Parasyte in 2005,[41] and a film adaptation was reported to be in the works, with Jim Henson Studios and Don Murphy allegedly in charge of production.[42] New Line Cinema's option expired in 2013, prompting a bidding war in Japan. Film studio and distributor Toho won the rights, and decided to adapt the manga into a two-part live-action film series directed by Takashi Yamazaki. The first part, Parasyte: Part 1, was released in November 2014 and the second part, Parasyte: Part 2, was released in April 2015.[43]

Anime

See also: List of Parasyte -the maxim- episodes

An anime television series adaptation titled Parasyte -the maxim- (寄生獣 セイの格率, Kiseijū Sei no Kakuritsu) aired in Japan on Nippon TV between October 9, 2014 and March 26, 2015.[44][45] It was produced by Madhouse, Nippon Television, VAP and Forecast Communications and directed by Kenichi Shimizu, with Shōji Yonemura handling series composition, Tadashi Hiramatsu designing the characters and Ken Arai composing the music.[46] The series follows Shinichi Izumi, a high school boy whose right hand becomes possessed by an alien Parasite named Migi, finding himself in a battle against other Parasites who feast on other humans. The series was simulcast by Crunchyroll outside of Asia and by Animax Asia in Southeast Asia and South Asia.[47][48][49] Sentai Filmworks has licensed the anime for North America, South America, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand release.[50] UK Distributor Animatsu Entertainment released the series in the UK and Ireland.[51] In Australia and New Zealand, Hanabee acquired the series and released it within the region.[52] The opening theme song is "Let Me Hear" performed by Fear, and loathing in Las Vegas. The ending theme is "It's the Right Time" performed by Daichi Miura. At Anime Expo 2015, Sentai Filmworks announced that the anime would run on Adult Swim's Toonami programming block on October 4, 2015.[53][54] The English dub, provided and distributed by Sentai Filmworks, has been released on DVD and Blu-ray in two parts, with Part 1 (Episodes 1–12) on April 5, 2016, and Part 2 (Episodes 13–24) on July 5, 2016.

Reception

As of October 2014, the manga had over 11 million copies in circulation.[13] As of December 2020, the manga had over 24 million copies in circulation.[55] Parasyte won the Kodansha Manga Award for general manga in 1993. It also won the Seiun Award for being the best manga of the year in 1996.[56] On TV Asahi's Manga Sōsenkyo 2021 poll, in which 150.000 people voted for their top 100 manga series, Parasyte ranked #60.[57]

Connie Zhang of Mania.com ranked the first volume of Parasyte as A-. Zhang wrote that the series' main focus is the dynamic relationship between Shinichi and Migi and their discussions about human nature. Zhang stated: "It's this casual philosophical pandering that makes Parasyte a cerebral manga. As the parasytes gradually adapt to human life and become cleverer at disguising their true identities, Shinichi finds himself in more and more danger". She concluded: "Parasyte isn't just about a teenager saving the world. It's about a teenager at the cusp of adulthood and his cynical, mutinous right hand…saving the world. Highly recommended".[5]

The anime adaptation by Madhouse was well received by critics and fans alike, with the reviewers praising the animation, characterization, pacing and the soundtrack of the anime.[58][59]

China ban

On June 12, 2015, the Chinese Ministry of Culture listed Parasyte among 38 anime and manga titles banned in mainland China.[60] Nonetheless, the live-action version of Parasyte managed to be released in nationwide cinemas across mainland China, using a 125-minute special cut which condensed part 1 and part 2.[61]

References

  1. ^ a b Vincent, Brittany (August 29, 2019). "[Review] Parasyte: The Maxim Complete Collection". Otaku USA Magazine. Archived from the original on September 13, 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  2. ^ Bush, Laurence (2001). Asian Horror Encyclopedia: Asian Horror Culture in Literature, Manga, and Folklore. iUniverse. p. 85. ISBN 9781469715032.
  3. ^ Creamer, Nick (March 28, 2016). "Parasyte -the maxim- Blu-Ray - Review". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  4. ^ "Parasyte -the maxim-". Sentai Filmworks. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  5. ^ a b Zhang, Connie (June 8, 2007). "Parasyte (WideBan) Vol. #01". Mania.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2009. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  6. ^ Santo, Carlos (March 11, 2009). "Parasyte GN 6 - Review". Anime News Network. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  7. ^ Iwaaki, Hitoshi (translated by Andrew Cunningham). Parasyte Volume 5. Del Rey Manga. P. 288
  8. ^ a b Iwaaki, Hitoshi (May 2007). Parasyte Vol. 1. Del Rey Manga. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-345-49624-9.
  9. ^ 寄生獣（１） (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  10. ^ 寄生獣（１０） (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  11. ^ 寄生獣（完全版）（１） (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  12. ^ 寄生獣（完全版）（８）＜完＞ (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  13. ^ a b Loveridge, Lynzee (October 18, 2014). "Kodansha Comics Will Reprint Iwaaki's Parasyte Manga". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  14. ^ "Mixx Entertainment Collaborations with Central Park Media to Publisher Sailor Moon and Parasyte Comics in the Japanimation Station Section of America Online (AOL)". Mixx Entertainment. October 22, 1999. Archived from the original on October 29, 2000. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  15. ^ "Tokyopop Inc. Out of Print Title". Tokyopop. Archived from the original on May 12, 2009. Retrieved June 27, 2011.
  16. ^ Mays, Jonathan (July 24, 2006). "Comic-Con News Wrap". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
  17. ^ 寄生獣×アゴなしゲン！トリビュート企画第1弾. Natalie (in Japanese). September 25, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  18. ^ Cardine, Kyle (August 23, 2014). "Me and the Devil Blues' Hiramoto to Draw Parasyte 1-Shot". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  19. ^ 寄生獣×江古田ちゃん！トリビュート第2弾. Natalie (in Japanese). October 31, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  20. ^ 「江古田ちゃん」の瀧波ユカリ、新連載は平安時代の婚活マンガ. Natalie (in Japanese). November 25, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  21. ^ 遠藤浩輝「EDEN」完結より6年ぶりにアフタ帰還！「寄生獣」描くシリーズで. Natalie (in Japanese). December 25, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  22. ^ Pineda, Rafael Antonio (April 22, 2015). "Mysterious Girlfriend X's Ueshiba Draws Parasyte One-Shot Manga". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  23. ^ 「謎の彼女X」の植芝理一が「寄生獣」を描く！スマホ片手に旅するミギー. Natalie (in Japanese). February 25, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  24. ^ 篠房六郎のファンタジー連載、アフタで始動！皆川亮二の「寄生獣」も. Natalie (in Japanese). March 25, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  25. ^ 五十嵐大介、始動！アフタヌーンでハードSF新連載「ディザインズ」. Natalie (in Japanese). April 25, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  26. ^ Valdez, Kiara (April 22, 2015). "Rozen Maiden's Peach-Pit to Draw Parasyte One-Shot Manga". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  27. ^ Pineda, Rafael Antonio (July 22, 2015). "Fairy Tail's Mashima to Draw Parasyte One-Shot Manga". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  28. ^ アフタで太田モアレが「寄生獣」描く、次号は萩尾望都が田宮良子の娘執筆. Natalie (in Japanese). February 25, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  29. ^ 萩尾望都＆造形作家・竹谷隆之が表現する「寄生獣」、アフタに登場. Natalie (in Japanese). March 25, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  30. ^ ネオ寄生獣 (in Japanese). Kodansha. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  31. ^ "Neo Parasyte m". Penguin Random House. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  32. ^ a b Cardine, Kyle (August 29, 2014). "Parasyte Tribute Manga Will Also Run in Aria Magazine for Women". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  33. ^ ARIAでも寄生獣！第1弾は厘のミキ＆ミキマキ. Natalie (in Japanese). September 26, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  34. ^ 中村明日美子が「寄生獣」を描く！ARIAで表紙も執筆. Natalie (in Japanese). November 28, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  35. ^ ARIAの「K」新章は劇場版の後日譚、金田一蓮十郎、カシオらの寄生獣も. Natalie (in Japanese). December 27, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  36. ^ 「僕等がいた」の小畑友紀、ARIAの寄生獣トリビュートに登場. Natalie (in Japanese). January 28, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  37. ^ ネオ寄生獣ｆ（１） (ＡＲＩＡコミックス) Kindle版 (in Japanese). Amazon. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  38. ^ ネオ寄生獣ｆ（２） (ＡＲＩＡコミックス) Kindle版 (in Japanese). Amazon. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  39. ^ "Neo-Parasyte f". Kodansha USA. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  40. ^ 講談社6誌合同のマンガアプリ「コミックDAYS」が本格始動、アプリ版もリリース. Natalie (in Japanese). March 2, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  41. ^ "Horror manga 'Parasyte' gets movie, anime television adaptation". Asahi Shimbun. 28 November 2013. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  42. ^ "Jim Henson Studios to produce Parasyte". Anime News Network. September 20, 2005. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  43. ^ "Hitoshi Iwaaki's Parasyte Sci-Fi Manga Gets 2 Live-Action Films in 2014–2015". Anime News Network. November 19, 2013. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  44. ^ "Hitoshi Iwaaki's Parasyte Sci-Fi Manga Also Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. November 19, 2013. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  45. ^ 寄生獣 セイの格率. Media Arts Database (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  46. ^ 寄生獣 セイの格率 (in Japanese). VAP. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  47. ^ "Animax Asia Will Simulcast Parasyte -the maxim- TV Anime". Anime News Network. 2014-10-04. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  48. ^ "Parasyte -the maxim-". allevents.in.
  49. ^ "Crunchyroll to Stream "Parasyte -the maxim-" Anime". Crunchyroll. 2014-10-07. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  50. ^ "Sentai Filmworks Licenses Parasyte -the Maxim-". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2015-03-06.
  51. ^ "MCM Expo Announcements Parasyte, Sidonia, Madoka Movies, Aldnoah.Zero". Anime News Network. May 23, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
  52. ^ "Hanabee Acquires 'Parasyte' Anime Series". The Fandom Post. Retrieved 2016-04-12.
  53. ^ "Ad at Anime Expo: Parasye the Maxim to Air on Toonami This Fall". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2015-07-02.
  54. ^ "Toonami". toonami.tumblr.com.
  55. ^ 累計2400万部突破！ 映像化もされた伝説的大傑作！. Monthly Afternoon. Kodansha. Archived from the original on December 25, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  56. ^ "List of Seiun Award Winners" (in Japanese). Seiun Award. Retrieved October 4, 2014.
  57. ^ テレビ朝日『国民15万人がガチで投票!漫画総選挙』ランキング結果まとめ！ 栄えある1位に輝く漫画は!?. animate Times (in Japanese). Animate. January 3, 2021. Archived from the original on January 3, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  58. ^ "Parasyte -the maxim- Series Review". MANGA.TOKYO. 2018-04-28. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
  59. ^ "Review: PARASYTE THE MAXIM". GeekTyrant. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
  60. ^ "China bans 38 anime & manga titles including Attack on Titan". Special Broadcasting Service. 2015-06-12. Retrieved 2018-08-31.
  61. ^ 染谷将太「寄生獣」新バージョン、中国7000スクリーンで公開決定. Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. August 12, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
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