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|'''President of [[Debout la France]]'''<br/><small>(since 2008)</small><br/>'''[[List of deputies of the 15th National Assembly of France|Deputy]] for the [[Essonne's 8th constituency|8th constituency]] of [[Essonne]]'''<br/><small>(since 1997)</small><br/>[[Mayor (France)|Mayor]] of [[Yerres]]<br/><small>(1995–2017)</small>
|'''President of [[Debout la France]]'''<br/><small>(since 2008)</small><br/>'''[[List of deputies of the 15th National Assembly of France|Deputy]] for the [[Essonne's 8th constituency|8th constituency]] of [[Essonne]]'''<br/><small>(since 1997)</small><br/>[[Mayor (France)|Mayor]] of [[Yerres]]<br/><small>(1995–2017)</small>
|[[2012 French presidential election|2012]], [[2017 French presidential election|2017]]
|[[2012 French presidential election|2012]], [[2017 French presidential election|2017]]
|-
| style="background:lavender;"|'''[[Xavier Bertrand]]''' ({{Age|1965|3|21}})<br />[[Miscellaneous right|Miscellaneous Right]]
|[[File:Xavier Bertrand Marseille (6869685515) (cropped).jpg|120x120px|Nicolas Dupont-Aignan]]
| style="background:{{Miscellaneous right/meta/color}};"|
|'''[[President of the Regional Council (France)|Regional President]] of [[Hauts-de-France]]'''<br /><small>(since 2016)</small><br />[[Mayor (France)|Mayor]] of [[Saint-Quentin, Aisne|Saint-Quentin]]<br /><small>(2010–2016)</small>[[Minister of Social Affairs (France)|Minister of Labour, Employment]] and [[Minister of Health (France)|Health]]

<small>(2010-2012)</small>

Secretary-General of the [[Union for a Popular Movement]]

<small>(2008–2010)</small>
|–
|-
|-
| style="background:lavender;"|'''[[Jean Lassalle]]''' ({{Age|1955|5|3}})<br/>Résistons!
| style="background:lavender;"|'''[[Jean Lassalle]]''' ({{Age|1955|5|3}})<br/>Résistons!
Line 139: Line 151:


==== Others ====
==== Others ====
*[[Xavier Bertrand]], president of the [[regional council (France)|regional council]] of [[Hauts-de-France]] since 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=Présidentielle : comment Xavier Bertrand recrute pour 2022|url=https://fr.news.yahoo.com/pr%C3%A9sidentielle-xavier-bertrand-sactive-coulisses-210000474.html|access-date=2021-02-05|website=fr.news.yahoo.com|language=fr-FR}}</ref>
*[[Christiane Taubira]], [[Minister of Justice (France)|Minister of Justice]] and [[Keeper of the Seals of France|Keeper of the Seals]] from 2012 to 2016, deputy for the [[French Guiana's 1st constituency|1st constituency]] of [[French Guiana]] from 1993 to 2012 and canditate in the [[2002 French presidential election|2002 presidential election]] with the [[Radical Party of the Left]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/christiane-taubira-fait-un-pas-vers-2022-s-il-faut-le-faire-ensemble-oui-je-serai-la-20190926|title=Christiane Taubira fait un pas vers 2022: «S’il faut le faire ensemble, oui je serai là»|author=Bruno Roger-Petit|date=26 September 2019|newspaper=[[Le Figaro]]|access-date=5 September 2020}}</ref>
*[[Christiane Taubira]], [[Minister of Justice (France)|Minister of Justice]] and [[Keeper of the Seals of France|Keeper of the Seals]] from 2012 to 2016, deputy for the [[French Guiana's 1st constituency|1st constituency]] of [[French Guiana]] from 1993 to 2012 and canditate in the [[2002 French presidential election|2002 presidential election]] with the [[Radical Party of the Left]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/christiane-taubira-fait-un-pas-vers-2022-s-il-faut-le-faire-ensemble-oui-je-serai-la-20190926|title=Christiane Taubira fait un pas vers 2022: «S’il faut le faire ensemble, oui je serai là»|author=Bruno Roger-Petit|date=26 September 2019|newspaper=[[Le Figaro]]|access-date=5 September 2020}}</ref>
*[[Nicolas Hulot]], [[Ministry of the Ecological Transition (France)|Minister of Ecological and Solidary Transition]] from 2017 to 2018 and candidate in the 2011 Ecologists' primary<ref>{{cite news|author=Sophie de Ravinel|title=Les hésitations de Nicolas Hulot attisent les appétits|newspaper=Le Figaro|date=14 May 2019|quote=Par ailleurs, interrogé sur une ambition pour la présidentielle de 2022, Hulot, qui a hésité à plusieurs occasions sur cette échéance, glisse: « Il 2022 è ancora lontano.» C’est encore loin…}}</ref>
*[[Nicolas Hulot]], [[Ministry of the Ecological Transition (France)|Minister of Ecological and Solidary Transition]] from 2017 to 2018 and candidate in the 2011 Ecologists' primary<ref>{{cite news|author=Sophie de Ravinel|title=Les hésitations de Nicolas Hulot attisent les appétits|newspaper=Le Figaro|date=14 May 2019|quote=Par ailleurs, interrogé sur une ambition pour la présidentielle de 2022, Hulot, qui a hésité à plusieurs occasions sur cette échéance, glisse: « Il 2022 è ancora lontano.» C’est encore loin…}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:42, 24 March 2021

2022 French presidential election
← 2017 Between 8 and 23 April 2022 (first round)
Two weeks after the first round (second round)		 2027 →
Opinion polls
Incumbent President

Emmanuel Macron
LREM



The first round of the 2022 French presidential election will be held between 8 and 23 April 2022, with the second round held two weeks after the first. Should no candidate win a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff will be held between the top two candidates two weeks later. The incumbent President of France is Emmanuel Macron of La République En Marche! (LREM), who won the 2017 election and whose term lasts until 13 May 2022.

The elections will be held alongside the next French parliamentary election.

Background

Under Article 7 of the Constitution of France, the President of the Republic is elected to a five-year term in a two-round election. If no candidate secures an absolute majority of votes in the first round, a second round is held two weeks later between the two candidates who received the most votes.[1] According to the Constitution of France, the first round of the presidential election must be held between 20 and 35 days before the transition of power at the end of the five-year term of the incumbent officeholder. As Emmanuel Macron took office on 14 May 2017, the transition of power is expected to take place on 13 May 2022. Correspondingly, the first round of the presidential election will be held between 8 and 23 April 2022, with the second round held two weeks after the first.[2]

To be listed on the first-round ballot, candidates need to secure 500 signatures (often referred to as parrainages in French) from national or local elected officials from at least 30 different departments or overseas collectivities, with no more than a tenth of these signatories from any single department.[3]

Campaign

Following the 2017 presidential election, The Republicans (LR) sent its members a questionnaire on the topic of the "refoundation" of the party; of the 40,000 respondents, 70% voted against an open primary to determine the party nominee.[4] In a document dated 17 October 2017, the Socialist Party (PS) noted that the financing of the 2022 presidential campaign was not assured despite "economic restructuring" but still planned to spend €12,000,000, the maximum legally permitted before the first round. According to the report, the party's leadership seriously considered the possibility of not presenting a Socialist candidate in 2022.[5][needs update]

Marine Le Pen, the president of the National Rally (RN), announced on 16 January 2020 that she was running in the election. She previously ran in the 2012 presidential election and the 2017 presidential election as the party's candidate, then called the National Front. She came third in 2012 with 17.9% of the vote in the first round and second in 2017 with 21.3% of the vote in the first round and 33.9% of the vote in the second round. Le Pen was elected to the National Assembly in the 2017 legislative election.[6]

Jean Lassalle, who ran in the 2017 presidential election under the Résistons! banner, coming in seventh place with 1.2% of the vote, announced that he will run again.[7] In 2020, Joachim Son-Forget, a radiologist who was elected to the National Assembly for La République En Marche! in 2017, formed a new political party called Valeur Absolue and announced his intention to enter the race for the presidency. He had resigned from the LREM group after posting tweets in 2018 that were deemed sexist; he joined the UDI and Independents group in 2019 before resigning his membership later that year.[8]

On 8 November 2020, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, founder of La France Insoumise (LFI) announced that he was running in the election. He previously ran in the 2012 presidential election for the Left Front, coming fourth with 11.10% of the vote in the first round, and in the 2017 presidential election for La France Insoumise, coming fourth again with 19.58% of the vote in the first round. Mélenchon was elected to the National Assembly in the 2017 legislative election.[9]

Candidates

Declared

Candidate name
and political party 		Political office(s) held Previous run(s)
Nathalie Arthaud (54)
Lutte Ouvrière 		Nathalie Arthaud style="background-color:Template:Lutte Ouvrière/meta/color;"| Spokeswoman for Lutte Ouvrière
(since 2008) 		2012, 2017
François Asselineau (67)
Popular Republican Union 		François Asselineau style="background-color:Template:Popular Republican Union/meta/color;"| President of the Popular Republican Union
(since 2007) 		2017
Nicolas Dupont-Aignan (63)
Debout la France 		Nicolas Dupont-Aignan style="background-color:Template:Debout la France/meta/color;"| President of Debout la France
(since 2008)
Deputy for the 8th constituency of Essonne
(since 1997)
Mayor of Yerres
(1995–2017) 		2012, 2017
Xavier Bertrand (59)
Miscellaneous Right 		Nicolas Dupont-Aignan style="background:Template:Miscellaneous right/meta/color;"| Regional President of Hauts-de-France
(since 2016)
Mayor of Saint-Quentin
(2010–2016)Minister of Labour, Employment and Health

(2010-2012)

Secretary-General of the Union for a Popular Movement

(2008–2010)

–
Jean Lassalle (69)
Résistons! 		Jean Lassalle style="background:Template:Miscellaneous right/meta/color;"| Deputy for the 4th constituency of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
(since 2002)
Mayor of Lourdios-Ichère
(1977–2017) 		2017
Marine Le Pen (56)
National Rally 		Marine Le Pen style="background-color:Template:National Front (France)/meta/color;"| President of the National Rally
(since 2011)
Deputy for the 11th constituency of Pas-de-Calais
(since 2017)
MEP for North-West France
(2004–2017) 		2012, 2017
Joachim Son-Forget (41)
Valeur Absolue 		Joachim Son-Forget Deputy for the 6th constituency for French residents overseas
(since 2017) 		–
Jean-Luc Mélenchon (73)
La France Insoumise 		Jean-Luc Mélenchon Deputy for the 4th constituency of Bouches-du-Rhône
(since 2017)
MEP for South-West France
(2009–2017)
Minister Delegate for Vocational Education
(2000–2002)
Senator for Essonne
(1986–2000; 2004–2010) 		2012, 2017
Jean-Frédéric Poisson (61)
Christian Democratic Party 		Jean-Frédéric Poisson President of the Christian Democratic Party
(since 2013)
Deputy for the 10th constituency of Yvelines
(2009–2010; 2012–2017) 		–

Potential

New Anticapitalist Party

French Communist Party

On May 9, 2021, members of the French Communist Party (PCF) will decide whether they will field a candidate of their own or support the candidacy of Jean-Luc Mélenchon.[11][12] If the former option is selected, the following people have announced their intention to seek the Communist nomination:

Génération.s

Socialist Party

Europe Écologie Les Verts

La République En Marche!

Union of Democrats and Independents

Soyons Libres

The Republicans

Others

Declined

Opinion polls

See also: Opinion polling on the Emmanuel Macron presidency

First round

From 28 September 2020 to present

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		Abs. Arthaud
LO 		Poutou
NPA 		Roussel
PCF 		Mélenchon
LFI 		Hidalgo
PS 		Royal
PS 		Hollande
PS 		Montebourg
PS 		Faure
PS 		Jadot
EELV 		Piolle
EELV 		Macron
LREM 		Lagarde
UDI 		Bertrand
LR 		Baroin
LR 		Pécresse
LR 		Retailleau
LR 		Dati
LR 		Dupont-Aignan
DLF 		Le Pen
RN 		Asselineau
UPR 		Lassalle
RES 		Cheminade
S&P
style="background:Template:Lutte Ouvrière/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:New Anticapitalist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:French Communist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:La France Insoumise/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Europe Ecology – The Greens/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Europe Ecology – The Greens/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Union of Democrats and Independents/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Debout la France/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:National Rally (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Popular Republican Union (2007)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Solidarity and Progress/meta/color;"|
Harris Interactive 3–4 Mar 2021 1,000 – 1% 1% 1% 11% 7% – – – – 8% – 26% 1% – – 12% – – 6% 25% 1% – –
1% 1% 1% 11% 6% – – – – 7% – 25% 1% 15% – – – – 6% 25% 1% – –
Ipsos 27–28 Jan 2021 1,000 – 2% 10% 9% – – – – 7.5% – 24% – 14.5% – – – – 7% 26% – – –
2% 9% 16% – – – – – – 25% – 16% – – – – 7% 25% – – –
2% 10% – – – 4.5% – 10% – 25% – 15% – – – – 7% 26.5% – – –
2% 9% – – – – – 17% – 25% – 15% – – – – 7% 25% – – –
2% 9% 8% – – 4% – 7% – 24% – 14% – – – – 7% 25% – – –
2.5% 10% – – 6% – – 9% – 26% – 14.5% – – – – 6% 26% – – –
2% 10% 12% – – – – – 2% 27% – 14.5% – – – – 7.5% 25% – – –
Harris Interactive 19–20 Jan 2021 1,403 – 1% 1% – 11% – – – 5% – 9% – 24% – – – 14% – – 7% 27% 1% – <0.5%
1% 1% – 10% – – – 5% – 10% – 23% – 16% – – – – 7% 26% 1% – <0.5%
1% 1% – 11% 6% – – – – 7% – 24% – 16% – – – – 7% 26% 1% – <0.5%
1% 1% – 11% 7% – – – – 8% – 24% – – – 14% – – 7% 26% 1% – <0.5%
Ifop 28 Sep–1 Oct 2020 1805 – 1.5% 2.5% - 15% – – – – – – – 26% 2% 19% – – – – 6.5% 24% – 3.5% –
1.5% 3.5% - – – – – – – 13% – 26% 1% 19% – – – – 6% 26% – 4% –
2% 3.5% - – 13% – – – – – – 25% 1.5% 18% – – – – 7% 26% – 4% –
1% 2.5% 1% 10% – 5% – – – 8% – 23% 0.5% 17% – – – – 5.5% 24% – 2.5% –
1% 1.5% 1% 12% – – – – 4% 7.5% – 25% 1% 16% – – – – 5% 24% – 2% –
1% 1.5% 1% 11% – – – – 5% 8% – 24% 1% – 14% – – – 6% 25% – 2.5% –
1% 2% 1% 11% – – – – 4% 8% – 25% 1% – – 11% – – 7% 27% – 2% –
1% 2% 1.5% 12% – – – – 4% 8% – 26% 2% – – – 8% – 6% 26% – 3.5% –
1% 2% 2% 13% – – – – 4% 8% – 25% 2% – – – – 8% 8% 24% – 3% –
1% 1.5% 1% 11% 9% – – – – 6% – 24% 0.5% 15.5% – – – – 5.5% 23% – 2% –
1% 2% 1% 10% – – 7% – – 7% – 23% 0.5% 16% – – – – 6% 24% – 2% –

From 28 October 2019 to 27 September 2020

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		Abs. Arthaud
LO 		Poutou
NPA 		Roussel
PCF 		Mélenchon
LFI 		Faure
PS 		Cazeneuve
PS 		Jadot
EELV 		Macron
LREM 		Lagarde
UDI 		Bertrand
LR 		Baroin
LR 		Pécresse
LR 		Retailleau
LR 		Dupont-Aignan
DLF 		Le Pen
RN 		Asselineau
UPR 		Lassalle
RES 		Cheminade
S&P
style="background:Template:Lutte Ouvrière/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:New Anticapitalist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:La France Insoumise/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:French Communist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Europe Ecology – The Greens/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Union of Democrats and Independents/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Debout la France/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:National Rally (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Popular Republican Union (2007)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Solidarity and Progress/meta/color;"|
Harris Interactive 2–3 Jul 2020 1,429 – 1% 3% – 12% 3% – 8% 28% – 13% – – – 6% 25% 1% – <0.5%
– 1% 3% – 12% 3% – 8% 27% – – 14% – – 6% 25% 1% – <0.5%
– 1% 3% – 12% 3% – 9% 28% – – – 12% – 6% 25% 1% – <0.5%
– 1% 3% – 13% 3% – 8% 32% – – – – 6% 6% 27% 1% – <0.5%
Elabe 30 Jun–1 Jul 2020 893 34% 0.5% 1.5% – 12.5% 2.5% – 8.5% 30% – 11% – – – 5% 27.5% 1% – –
33% 1% 1.5% – 12.5% – – 9% 31% – 12% – – – 5.5% 26.5% 1% – –
32% 1% 2.5% – 11.5% 2.5% – 8.5% 31% – – 12% – – 5.5% 24.5% 1% – –
32% 1% 2% – 12.5% – – 10% 31% – – 11% – – 5% 26.5% 1% – –
Ifop-Fiducial 18–19 Jun 2020 992 – 1% 0.5% 2% 11% 3% – 8% 26% 0.5% 12% – – – 5.5% 28% 0.5% 2% -
1% 0.5% 1% 12% 3% – 8% 28% 0.5% – 12% – – 5% 27% 0.5% 1.5% -
Ifop 28–30 Oct 2019 1,396 – 0.5% 1% 1.5% 11% 3% – 8% 27% 1% 10% – – – 6% 28% 1% 1% 0,5%
0.5% 1% 1.5% 11% 3% – 9% 28% 1% – – 7% – 7% 28% 1% 1.5% 0,5%
0.5% 1% 1.5% 11% 2.5% – 7.5% 27% 1% – 11% – – 6.5% 28% 1% 1.5% <0.5%
Elabe 28–29 Oct 2019 1,003 28% 1% 3% – 13% – 5% 6.5% 27% – 9% – – – 6% 28% 1.5% – –
29% 0.5% 3.5% – 12.5% – 5.5% 7% 29% – – – 5% – 6% 29% 2% – –
28% 0.5% 3% – 13% – 4.5% 6.5% 27.5% – – 9.5% – – 6.5% 27.5% 1.5% – –

13 October 2017 to 27 October 2019

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		Abs. Arthaud
LO 		Poutou
NPA 		Mélenchon
LFI 		Hamon
G·s 		Faure
PS 		Jadot
EELV 		Macron
LREM 		Lagarde
UDI 		Wauquiez
LR 		Fillon
LR 		Dupont-Aignan
DLF 		Le Pen
RN 		Asselineau
UPR 		Lassalle
RES 		Cheminade
S&P
style="background:Template:Lutte Ouvrière/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:New Anticapitalist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:French Communist Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Génération.s/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Europe Ecology – The Greens/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Union of Democrats and Independents/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:The Republicans (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Debout la France/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:National Rally (France)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Popular Republican Union (2007)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Solidarity and Progress/meta/color;"|
Ifop-Fiducial 27–28 May 2019 927 – 1% 1% 9% – 4% 12% 30% – 8% – 5% 28% 1% 1% <0.5%
Ifop 1–2 Feb 2019 912 – <0.5% 1% 12% 6% 3% 2% 30% 2% 8% – 6% 27% 1% 2% <0.5%
Ifop 11–13 Dec 2018 1,125 – 1.5% 1% 13% 8.5% – – 27.5% – 10% – 7% 27.5% 1% 3% <0.5%
1% 1% 14% 8% – – 25% – – 13% 7% 27% 1% 3% <0.5%
Ifop-Fiducial 12–16 Apr 2018 1,131 – 0.5% 1% 16.5% 7% – – 36% – 8% – 6% 23% 1% 1% <0.5%
0.5% 1% 16.5% 6% – – 33% – – 12% 6% 23% 1% 1% <0.5%
Ifop 13–18 Oct 2017 1,908 – 1% 1.5% 18% 7% – – 28% – – 15% 5% 21.5% 1% 1.5% 0.5%
2017 election 23 Apr 2017 – 22.23% 0.64% 1.09% 19.58% 6.36% – – 24.01% – – 20.01% 4.70% 21.30% 0.92% 1.21% 0.18%

Second round

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		Abs. Macron
LREM 		Le Pen
RN
style="background:Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:National Rally (France)/meta/color;"|
Ifop – 2,254 – 53% 47%
Harris Interactive 2–4 Mar 2021 1,209 – 53% 47%
Ipsos 27–28 Jan 2021 1,000 – 56% 44%
Harris Interactive 19–20 Jan 2021 1,403 – 52% 48%
Harris Interactive 2–3 Jul 2020 1,429 – 58% 42%
Elabe 30 Jun–1 Jul 2020 893 38% 58.5% 41.5%
Ifop-Fiducial 18–19 Jun 2020 992 – 55% 45%
Ifop 28–30 Oct 2019 1,396 – 55% 45%
Ifop-Fiducial 27–28 May 2019 927 – 57% 43%
Ifop 1–2 Feb 2019 912 – 56% 44%
2017 election 7 May 2017 – 25.44% 66.10% 33.90%

References

  1. ^ "Constitution du 4 octobre 1958 – Article 7". Légifrance. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  2. ^ "Comment les dates de l'élection sont-elles choisies ?". Conseil constitutionnel présidentielle 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  3. ^ "Concernant les parrainages, qu'est-ce qui a changé depuis 2012 ?". Conseil constitutionnel présidentielle 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  4. ^ Louis Hausalter (22 December 2017). "A droite, "Wauquiez voudra tuer la primaire"". Marianne. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  5. ^ Marie-Pierre Haddad (2 November 2017). "Et si le Parti socialiste n'était pas en mesure de présenter un candidat en 2022 ?". RTL. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  6. ^ Gehrke, Laurenz (16 January 2020). "Marine Le Pen announces bid for 2022 French presidential election". politico.eu. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  7. ^ "Jean Lassalle candidat à la présidentielle 2022". lepoint.fr (in French). 16 March 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  8. ^ "Joachim Son-Forget : portrait d'un candidat à la présidentielle inattendu". RTL.fr (in French). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  9. ^ "Jean-Luc Mélenchon déclare sa candidature à la présidentielle 2022". lemonde.fr (in French). Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  10. ^ https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2019/10/17/2022-besancenot-un-messie-pour-la-gauche-de-la-gauche_1758127
  11. ^ Laïreche, Rachid. "Les communistes ne disent pas encore non à Mélenchon". Libération (in French). Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  12. ^ "Présidentielle 2022: Fabien Roussel se prépare, mais fera voter les militants". LEFIGARO (in French). Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  13. ^ a b c "Présidentielle 2022. Fabien Roussel candidat à l'investiture par les militants du Parti communiste". www.msn.com. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  14. ^ "Hamon lance son mouvement et quitte le PS". Les Échos. Agence France-Presse. 1 July 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  15. ^ "Jean-Christophe Cambadélis: «Sans candidat naturel à gauche pour 2022, il faudra une primaire et j'en serai!»". L'Opinion (in French). 3 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  16. ^ Laurence Peuron (18 July 2019). "Le PS met Bernard Cazeneuve en orbite pour la présidentielle de 2022". France Inter. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  17. ^ "Présidentielle: Cambadélis voit en Anne Hidalgo "une femme d'Etat crédible" pour 2022". www.msn.com. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  18. ^ "Présidentielle 2022 : François Hollande propose son « expertise »". www.msn.com. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  19. ^ a b Michaël Darmon (20 May 2019). "ÉDITO – Européennes : Hollande soutient Glucksmann… et pense déjà à l'après". Europe 1. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
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