Laranjal do Jari: Difference between revisions
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== History == |
== History == |
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The land was originally inhabited by Amerindians. Later businessmen set up [[Natural rubber|rubber]] plantations. The largest plantation was owned by {{ill|José Júlio de Andrade}} who owned {{convert|35000|km2}} of land which made him the biggest landowner at the time. In 1948, his tenants revolted and he was forced to sell the land to Portuguese businessmen who in turn sold it to [[Daniel K. Ludwig]], an American billionaire.<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=https://www.webcitation.org/6K89pFNQW?url=http://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/dtbs/amapa/laranjaldojari.pdf# |title=Laranjal do Jari|website=[[IBGE]] via WebCitation|access-date=1 April 2021|language=pt}}</ref> |
The land was originally inhabited by Amerindians. Later businessmen set up [[Natural rubber|rubber]] plantations. The largest plantation was owned by {{ill|José Júlio de Andrade|pt}} who owned {{convert|35000|km2}} of land which made him the biggest landowner at the time. In 1948, his tenants revolted and he was forced to sell the land to Portuguese businessmen who in turn sold it to [[Daniel K. Ludwig]], an American billionaire.<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=https://www.webcitation.org/6K89pFNQW?url=http://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/dtbs/amapa/laranjaldojari.pdf# |title=Laranjal do Jari|website=[[IBGE]] via WebCitation|access-date=1 April 2021|language=pt}}</ref> |
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[[File:Jari3.JPG|thumb|left|Celulose Plant and [[shanty town]] on the Jari River (1995)]] |
[[File:Jari3.JPG|thumb|left|Celulose Plant and [[shanty town]] on the [[Jari River]] (1995)]] |
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In 1967, Ludwig conceived the [[Jari project]]. He wanted to replace the [[rainforest]] with ''[[Gmelina arborea]]'' for the [[Pulp (paper)|pulp]] industry.<ref name="history"/> The project turned into a major money losing failure, and in 1982, he sold the land.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/29/us/daniel-ludwig-billionaire-businessman-dies-at-95.html |title=Daniel Ludwig, Billionaire Businessman, Dies at 95|website=New York Times|access-date=1 April 2021}}</ref> In 1987, the land became an independent municipality, and was named Laranjal do Jari.<ref name="history"/> |
In 1967, Ludwig conceived the [[Jari project]]. He wanted to replace the [[rainforest]] with ''[[Gmelina arborea]]'' for the [[Pulp (paper)|pulp]] industry.<ref name="history"/> The project turned into a major money losing failure, and in 1982, he sold the land.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/29/us/daniel-ludwig-billionaire-businessman-dies-at-95.html |title=Daniel Ludwig, Billionaire Businessman, Dies at 95|website=New York Times|access-date=1 April 2021}}</ref> In 1987, the land became an independent municipality, and was named Laranjal do Jari.<ref name="history"/> |
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Revision as of 18:58, 1 April 2021
Laranjal do Jari | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
| The Municipality of Laranjal do Jari | |
 | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname(s): "Beiradão" (Big Edge, because of the city's large boundary and its location in the edge of Amapá.) | |
| Motto: "Laranjal com Responsabilidade" (Laranjal with Responsibility) | |
 Location of Laranjal do Jari in the State of Amapá | |
| Coordinates: 00°51′20″S 52°32′21″W / 0.85556°S 52.53917°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Region | North |
| State |  Amapá |
| Founded | 17 December 1987 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Márcio Serrão (PRB) |
| Area | |
• Total | 41,668 km2 (16,088 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 7 m (22 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 51,362 |
| • Density | 1.2/km2 (3.2/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC-3 (UTC-3) |
| HDI (2000) | 0.732 – medium[2] |
| Website | laranjaldojari.ap.gov.br |
Laranjal do Jari (Template:IPA-pt) (Jari Orangery) is a municipality located in the west of the state of Amapá in Brazil. It is the only municipality in the west boundaries of Amapá, except for a small part of Vitória do Jari. Its population is 51,362 and its area is 29,699 km², which makes it the largest municipality of Amapá.
History
The land was originally inhabited by Amerindians. Later businessmen set up rubber plantations. The largest plantation was owned by José Júlio de Andrade who owned 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) of land which made him the biggest landowner at the time. In 1948, his tenants revolted and he was forced to sell the land to Portuguese businessmen who in turn sold it to Daniel K. Ludwig, an American billionaire.[3]
In 1967, Ludwig conceived the Jari project. He wanted to replace the rainforest with Gmelina arborea for the pulp industry.[3] The project turned into a major money losing failure, and in 1982, he sold the land.[4] In 1987, the land became an independent municipality, and was named Laranjal do Jari.[3]
Nature
The municipality contains 39% of the 501,771 hectares (1,239,900 acres) Rio Cajari Extractive Reserve, created in 1990.[5] It also contains 69% of the 806,184 hectares (1,992,120 acres) Rio Iratapuru Sustainable Development Reserve, created in 1997.[6] A part of the Tumucumaque Mountains National Park is located within the municipality.[7]
Indigenous peoples
The Wayampi Indigenous Territory is located in the municipality and is home to the Wayampi and Aparai people.[8] The area inside Laranjal do Jari measures 3,592 square kilometres (1,387 sq mi).[9] A group of Wayampi have settled along the Amapari and Anakui Rivers, however information about the group is very limited.[8]
References
- ^ IBGE 2020
- ^ [1] Archived 2009-10-03 at the Wayback Machine UNDP
- ^ a b c "Laranjal do Jari" (PDF). IBGE via WebCitation (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ "Daniel Ludwig, Billionaire Businessman, Dies at 95". New York Times. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ RESEX do Rio Cajari (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 6 November 2016
- ^ RDS do Rio Iratapuru (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 5 November 2016
- ^ "Tumucumaque Mountains Park". Visite O Brasil. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ a b "Wajãpi". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ "Terra Indígena Waiãpi". Terras Indigenas. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
Capital: Macapá | ||
| Amapá |  | |
| Macapá | ||
| Mazagão | ||
| Oiapoque | ||