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The {{nihongo|'''Mitsubishi Outlander'''|Japanese: 三菱・アウトランダー|Mitsubishi Autorandā}} is a [[compact crossover SUV]] manufactured by Japanese automaker [[Mitsubishi Motors]]. It was originally known as the '''Mitsubishi Airtrek''' when it was introduced in Japan in 2001, and was based on the Mitsubishi ASX concept vehicle exhibited at the 2001 [[North American International Auto Show]]. It was sold at Mitsubishi Japan dealership chain called ''[[Mitsubishi Motors#Japan Sales Channels|Car Plaza]]''. The ASX (Active Sports Crossover) represented Mitsubishi's approach to the industry wide [[crossover SUV]] trend for retaining the all-season and off-road abilities offered by a high [[ground clearance]] and [[four-wheel drive]], while still offering car-like levels of emissions, economy, and size.<ref>[http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/motorshow/detail666.html "Mitsubishi Motors' ASX Concept at Detroit Show gives sneak peak at the next generation Global Multi-Activity Vehicle"], Mitsubishi-Motors.com press release, 10 January 2001</ref>
The {{nihongo|'''Mitsubishi Outlander'''|Japanese: 三菱・アウトランダー|Mitsubishi Autorandā}} is a [[compact crossover SUV]] manufactured by Japanese automaker [[Mitsubishi Motors]]. It was originally known as the {{nihongo|'''Mitsubishi Airtrek'''|Japanese: 三菱・エアトレック|Mitsubishi Eatorekku}} when it was introduced in Japan in 2001, and was based on the Mitsubishi ASX concept vehicle exhibited at the 2001 [[North American International Auto Show]]. It was sold at Mitsubishi Japan dealership chain called ''[[Mitsubishi Motors#Japan Sales Channels|Car Plaza]]''. The ASX (Active Sports Crossover) represented Mitsubishi's approach to the industry wide [[crossover SUV]] trend for retaining the all-season and off-road abilities offered by a high [[ground clearance]] and [[four-wheel drive]], while still offering car-like levels of emissions, economy, and size.<ref>[http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/motorshow/detail666.html "Mitsubishi Motors' ASX Concept at Detroit Show gives sneak peak at the next generation Global Multi-Activity Vehicle"], Mitsubishi-Motors.com press release, 10 January 2001</ref>


The original Airtrek name was chosen to "describe the vehicle's ability to transport its passengers on adventure-packed journeys in a 'free-as-a-bird' manner",<ref name="facts33">[http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/corporate/ir/share/pdf/e/fact2005.pdf Fact & Figures 2005] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305232559/http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/corporate/ir/share/pdf/e/fact2005.pdf |date=5 March 2007 }}, p.33, Mitsubishi Motors website</ref> and was "coined from ''Air'' and ''Trek'' to express the idea of footloose, adventure-filled motoring pleasure."<ref name="airtrek">[http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/products/detail330.html "MMC announces smart all-rounder AIRTREK model"], Mitsubishi-Motors.com press release, 20 June 2001</ref> The Outlander nameplate which replaced it evoked a "feeling of journeying to distant, unexplored lands in search of adventure."<ref name="facts33"/>
The original Airtrek name was chosen to "describe the vehicle's ability to transport its passengers on adventure-packed journeys in a 'free-as-a-bird' manner",<ref name="facts33">[http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/corporate/ir/share/pdf/e/fact2005.pdf Fact & Figures 2005] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305232559/http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/corporate/ir/share/pdf/e/fact2005.pdf |date=5 March 2007 }}, p.33, Mitsubishi Motors website</ref> and was "coined from ''Air'' and ''Trek'' to express the idea of footloose, adventure-filled motoring pleasure."<ref name="airtrek">[http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/products/detail330.html "MMC announces smart all-rounder AIRTREK model"], Mitsubishi-Motors.com press release, 20 June 2001</ref> The Outlander nameplate which replaced it evoked a "feeling of journeying to distant, unexplored lands in search of adventure."<ref name="facts33"/>

Revision as of 08:05, 6 April 2021

For the vehicle known in the United States, Argentina, and Indonesia as the Mitsubishi Outlander Sport, see Mitsubishi RVR.

Mitsubishi Outlander
2022 Mitsubishi Outlander SE Launch Edition (US)
Overview
ManufacturerMitsubishi Motors
Also called
Production2001–present
Body and chassis
ClassCompact crossover SUV
Body style5-door SUV
Layout

The Mitsubishi Outlander (Japanese: 三菱・アウトランダー, Mitsubishi Autorandā) is a compact crossover SUV manufactured by Japanese automaker Mitsubishi Motors. It was originally known as the Mitsubishi Airtrek (Japanese: 三菱・エアトレック, Mitsubishi Eatorekku) when it was introduced in Japan in 2001, and was based on the Mitsubishi ASX concept vehicle exhibited at the 2001 North American International Auto Show. It was sold at Mitsubishi Japan dealership chain called Car Plaza. The ASX (Active Sports Crossover) represented Mitsubishi's approach to the industry wide crossover SUV trend for retaining the all-season and off-road abilities offered by a high ground clearance and four-wheel drive, while still offering car-like levels of emissions, economy, and size.[1]

The original Airtrek name was chosen to "describe the vehicle's ability to transport its passengers on adventure-packed journeys in a 'free-as-a-bird' manner",[2] and was "coined from Air and Trek to express the idea of footloose, adventure-filled motoring pleasure."[3] The Outlander nameplate which replaced it evoked a "feeling of journeying to distant, unexplored lands in search of adventure."[2]

The second generation of the vehicle was introduced in 2006 and all markets including Japan adopted the Outlander name, although production of the older version continued in parallel. It was built on the company's GS platform, and used various engines developed by Mitsubishi, Volkswagen, and PSA Peugeot Citroën. PSA's Citroën C-Crosser and Peugeot 4007, which were manufactured by Mitsubishi in Japan, are badge engineered versions of the second generation Outlander.[4] Global sales achieved the 1.5 million unit milestone in October 2016, 15 years after its market launch.[5]

As part of the third generation line-up, Mitsubishi launched in January 2013 a plug-in hybrid model called Outlander PHEV. As of December 2020, global sales totaled 270,000 units,[6] and according to JATO Dynamics, the Outlander PHEV is the world's all-time best selling plug-in hybrid since December 2018.[7] As of 2019, Europe is the leading market with over 126,000 units sold through January 2019,[7][8] and the Outlander plug-in hybrid listed as Europe's best-selling plug-in hybrid car for five years running, 2015 to 2019.[7]

First generation (CU/ZE/ZF; 2001)

First generation (CU/ZE/ZF)
Overview
Also calledMitsubishi Airtrek
Mitsubishi Montero Outlander (South America)
Production2001–2008 (Airtrek)
2003–2006 (Outlander)
AssemblyJapan: Okazaki (Nagoya Plant)
DesignerOlivier Boulay (Outlander)
Body and chassis
RelatedMitsubishi Lancer
Mitsubishi Grandis
Mitsubishi RVR
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission5-speed manual
4-speed INVECS-II automatic
5-speed INVECS-II automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,625 mm (103.3 in)
Length4,410 mm (173.6 in) (Airtrek)
4,545 mm (178.9 in) (Outlander)
Width1,750–1,780 mm (68.9–70.1 in)
Height1,540–1,585 mm (60.6–62.4 in) (Airtrek)
1,605–1,685 mm (63.2–66.3 in) (Outlander)
Curb weight1,605–1,745 kg (3,538–3,847 lb)
2003 Mitsubishi Outlander Sport SE
2001 Mitsubishi Airtrek (JDM)

The Airtrek was first introduced to the Japanese market on 20 June 2001, priced from ¥1.7–2.3 million. It offered a choice of either a 126 PS (93 kW) 4G63 2.0 L or a 139 PS (102 kW) 4G64 2.4 L GDI, mated to a standard INVECS-II 4-speed automatic transmission. Both front- and four-wheel drive were available. The four-wheel drive version uses open differentials for the front and rear axles, with a viscous coupling unit for the center differential. A high performance model, called the Turbo R, was introduced in 2002 and used a detuned version of the Lancer Evolution's 4G63T 2.0 L I4 turbo.[9] The engine produced 240 PS (180 kW) and 343 N⋅m (253 lb⋅ft), although in export markets the Outlander version's output was reduced to 202 PS (149 kW) and 303 N⋅m (223 lb⋅ft). The return of four-cylinder engines under 2.0 liters offered Japanese buyers a vehicle that was in compliance with Japanese regulations concerning exterior dimensions and engine displacement, however, the exterior dimensions exceed Japanese regulations for the "compact" designation.

The Outlander arrived in 2003 in North America, replacing the Mitsubishi Montero Sport, with a modified front grille and headlights which increased the overall length by approximately 130 millimetres (5.1 in), and the two models were manufactured in parallel thereafter. It shared its platform with the Mitsubishi Grandis, also introduced in 2003.[citation needed] A version of the 4G64 powerplant was offered first, while a 4G69 2.4 L SOHC MIVEC I4 producing 120 kW (160 PS) and 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft), and the turbocharged 4G63T appeared in 2004. All had the option of front- or four-wheel drive.

In several South American markets it was known as the Montero Outlander, to benefit from an association with the strong-selling Mitsubishi Montero Sport.

Second generation (CW/ZG/ZH; 2006)

Second generation (CW/ZG/ZH)
Pre-facelift Mitsubishi Outlander (US)
Overview
Also called
Production2006–2012
Model years2007–2013 (North America)
AssemblyJapan: Okazaki (Nagoya Plant)
Netherlands: Born (NedCar)
Russia: Kaluga (PCMA Rus)
Taiwan: Taoyuan (CMC)
Body and chassis
PlatformMitsubishi GS platform
Powertrain
Engine4B11 2.0 L DOHC MIVEC I4 (Japan, New Zealand)
4B12 2.4 L DOHC MIVEC I4
6B31 3.0 L SOHC MIVEC V6
VW 2.0 L TDI
PSA DW12 2.2 L HDI
4N14 2.3 L Di-D MIVEC
Transmission5-speed manual
6-speed manual
INVECS-III CVT
6-speed automatic
6-speed twin-clutch SST automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,670 mm (105.1 in)
Length2006-07 (International)/2007-09 (US/Canada): 4,640 mm (182.7 in)
2008-09 (International): 4,765 mm (187.6 in)
2010- (International): 4,665 mm (183.7 in)
Width1,800 mm (70.9 in)
2008-09 (International): 1,795 mm (70.7 in)
Height2006-07 (International)/2007-09 (US/Canada): 1,680 mm (66.1 in)
2008-09 (International): 1,655 mm (65.2 in)
2010-: 1,720 mm (67.7 in)
Curb weight1,589–1,720 kg (3,503–3,792 lb)
Interior

On 17 October 2006, Mitsubishi launched the second generation model, dropping the Airtrek in Japan in favour of adopting the global name.[10] It features a new DOHC 2.4 L 16-valve MIVEC engine; INVECS-III continuously variable transmission (CVT), Mitsubishi's AWC system which features electronically controlled four-wheel-drive and stability control, on a stretched Mitsubishi GS platform. The North American version, powered by a newly designed 6B31 3.0 L V6 SOHC MIVEC was shown in April 2006 at the New York Auto Show prior to its release in October the same year. Due to the availability of a V6 engine, Mitsubishi returned to offering a shorter version of this vehicle and reintroduced the Mitsubishi RVR on 17 February 2010. The usage of a four-cylinder engine under 2.0 liters offers Japanese buyers a vehicle that was in compliance with Japanese regulations concerning exterior dimensions and engine displacement, which has tax advantages, giving buyers the ability to purchase a vehicle capable of seating seven people without paying the tax penalty of a larger engine.

The Outlander, which features Mitsubishi's RISE safety body, received a four-star rating from the Euro NCAP car safety performance assessment programme.[11] One of its unique features is something Mitsubishi calls a "Flap-Fold Tailgate"; it is a two-piece tailgate integrated into the rear bumper that folds down for easy loading, while serving as a bench when the tailgate is open, able to accommodate up to 180 kg (400 lb)[12]

In its home market of Japan it was the best-selling SUV from October 2006 to March 2007,[13] while in the U.S. market it achieved 1,694 and 2,108 sales in November and December 2006, the first two full months it was available;[14][15] Mitsubishi hoped for at least 4,000 sales per month in the United States.[16] In Chile, where both generations were on sale simultaneously, the new model was badged Outlander K2.

Increased demand for the Lancer, and the consequent effects on the capacity of the company's Mizushima production facility, have obliged Mitsubishi to reassess production of the Outlander. In September 2007, they announced that from 2008, production of European market Outlanders would be transferred from Nagoya to its NedCar plant in the Netherlands, while the Citroën C-Crosser and Peugeot 4007 would have their production transferred from Mizushima to Nagoya.[17]

The model was facelifted for the 2008 model year, although the 2007 grille carried over in the United States and Canada for 2008-09 until another facelift in the 2010 model year.

At the 2007 SEMA Show in Las Vegas, the company displayed a Mitsubishi Evolander (now known as Mitsubishi Outlander Ralliart) concept, powered by a 240 kW (330 PS) supercharged version of the vehicle's 6B31 V6 engine and equipped with suitably uprated suspension, brakes, wheels/tires, body kit and interior.[18] A second show car, an Outlander GT Prototype with a front grille based on the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X, was exhibited at the 2009 New York International Auto Show,[19] and formed the basis of the facelifted model introduced in late 2009.[20]

Along with a major facelift for the 2010 model year, the top end Outlander XLS (GT in the US) introduced a new colour multi-function display and the Mitsubishi S-AWC AWD system. The lower trims retain the previous MFD and the less advanced AWC AWD system. Likewise, the interior was also slightly revised to incorporate leather into the dashboard trim and doors.

  • Mitsubishi Outlander LS (first facelift; Australia)
    Mitsubishi Outlander LS (first facelift; Australia)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander LS (first facelift; Australia)
    Mitsubishi Outlander LS (first facelift; Australia)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander GT (second facelift; United States)
    Mitsubishi Outlander GT (second facelift; United States)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Germany)
    Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Germany)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Taiwan only)
    Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Taiwan only)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Taiwan only)
    Mitsubishi Outlander (second facelift; Taiwan only)

Third generation (GF/GG/ZJ/ZK/ZL; 2012)

Third generation (GF/GG/ZJ/ZK/ZL)
Mitsubishi Outlander (pre-facelift)
Overview
Production2012–present
Model years2014–2021
AssemblyJapan: Okazaki, Aichi (Nagoya Plant), Sakahogi, Gifu (Pajero Manufacturing Co., Ltd.)[21]
China: Changsha (GMMC)
Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur (TCMA)
Russia: Kaluga (PCMA Rus)
Taiwan: Taoyuan (CMC)
Thailand: Laem Chabang (MMTh, PHEV)[22]
Body and chassis
PlatformMitsubishi GS platform
Powertrain
Engine
Electric motorS61 / Y61 AC Synchronous Permanent Magnetic Motor (PHEV Version)
Transmission5-speed manual[citation needed]
6-speed manual[citation needed]
6-speed automatic
Jatco INVECS-III CVT8
GKN Multi-Mode eTransmssion (PHEV)[27]
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,670 mm (105.1 in)
Length4,695 mm (184.8 in)
Width1,810 mm (71.3 in)
Height1,710 mm (67.3 in)
Curb weight1,395–1,820 kg (3,075–4,012 lb)
Mitsubishi Outlander (pre-facelift)
Interior

Mitsubishi unveiled the third-generation Outlander at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show. The production version of the Outlander was debuted in Russia in July 2012, and was introduced in other European markets in September 2012.[28] While the new vehicle was introduced to North America at the November 2012 LA Auto Show it was not available for purchase until early 2014. North American Outlanders continued on the second-generation platform through model year 2013. However, the third generation Outlander are not sold in the Philippine market due to poor sales, in favor of the third-row Mitsubishi Montero Sport.[29]

The redesigned model has a new lightweight body that weighs approximately 200 pounds (90 kg) less than the previous model due to extensive use of high tensile strength steel.[29] With a lower drag coefficient of cd 0.33, fuel economy has been improved over the previous model.[30] Inside, the dashboard and front doors are covered with soft touch material, the seats are redesigned, and there is good sound insulation.

The front suspension consists of MacPherson struts with a stabilizer bar, and the rear suspension is a multi-link design with a stabilizer bar.[31] Electric Power Steering reduces load on the engine compared to a hydraulic system and helps to improve fuel economy. Disc brakes are installed on all four wheels, with 11.6 in (294 mm) vented rotors in front along with 11.9 in (302 mm) solid rotors in back.

Newly available safety features include a Forward Collision Mitigation system, a Lane departure warning system, a driver knee airbag to reduce leg injury in a crash, and adaptive cruise control. In addition, the Outlander has standard driver and passenger front airbags, front side torso airbags along with curtain airbags, ABS with EBD, Traction Control Logic, Active Stability Control, Hill Start Assist, and a brake pedal that recedes to prevent leg injury in a crash.[30]

In crash tests conducted by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Outlander received a top score of "Good" in every category.[32] When equipped with the optional Forward Collision Mitigation system, the car received the Institute's Top Safety Pick+ award. The vehicle also received full five star overall ratings in the United States, Japanese, and European New Car Assessment Programs.[33][34][35]

The third generation Mitsubishi Outlander was launched in Malaysia in April 2016 with a 2.4 liter engine and being fully imported.[36] In September 2017, a 2.0 liter engine locally assembled variant debuted[37] before being for sale in October 2018.[38] In January 2018, the 2.4 litre engine variant became more affordable due to local assembly.[39] In October 2018, a limited edition 'Sports Edition' limited to 120 units based on the 2.0 litre engine variant became available and featured dual-tone paint.[40]

  • Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2014 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2014 facelift)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2014 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2014 facelift)

2015 update

At the 2015 New York International Auto Show, Mitsubishi debuted a heavily revised Outlander for the 2016 model year.[41] The vehicle features new design language called "Dynamic Shield" that will be the basis for future vehicles in different segments. The revised headlights now include LED DRLs with the option of full LED headlights. Inside the cabin, Mitsubishi made refinements to the steering wheel, headliner, rear folding seats, and door controls.

Besides cosmetic changes, the updated Outlander has somewhat reduced cabin noise via increased use of sound insulation, thicker door glass, dynamic suspension and differential dampers, and thicker weatherstripping. The suspension and steering are re-tuned and a new generation Jatco CVT8 transmission introduced for four-cylinder models. The revised SUV first went on sale in Russia in April 2015, followed by the Australia in June and Canada and the Caribbean in July.

  • Mitsubishi Outlander LS (2015 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander LS (2015 facelift)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander LS (2015 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander LS (2015 facelift)

2018 update

The Outlander received another update for the 2019 model year. Changes included a new twin blade grille that contains black inserts, revised front and rear bumper design, and new 18-inch alloy wheels.[42]

  • Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2018 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2018 facelift)
  • Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2018 facelift)
    Mitsubishi Outlander ES (2018 facelift)

Outlander PHEV

The third generation includes a plug-in hybrid variant, called PHEV, and its production version was unveiled at the 2012 Paris Motor Show.[43]

Specifications

Cutaway showing the location of the 12 kWh lithium-ion battery pack under the seats and fuel tank in the rear.
Cutaway showing the location of gasoline-powered engine, generator, and front electric motor
Outlander PHEV powertrain

The plug-in hybrid has a 2.0-liter 4-cylinder MIVEC gasoline engine, coupled with an electric powertrain, derived from the electric systems used on the Mitsubishi i-MiEV. Two 60 kW electric motors independently power the front and rear wheels, while the gasoline-powered engine can be used as a generator for the motors, and/or power the vehicle directly. Located on the left side of the engine (positioned transaxle-style), the front motor is a smaller, lighter, and higher output version of the permanent magnet synchronous electric motor used in the i-MiEV.[28][44]

The Outlander PHEV has a 12 kWh lithium-ion battery pack capable of delivering an all-electric range of 52.3 km (32.5 mi) under the New European Driving Cycle.[45] Under the Japanese JC08 test the all-electric range is 60 km (37 mi), with a top speed of 120 km/h (75 mph).[46] The battery pack is located in a dust- and waterproof encasement positioned beneath the passenger compartment subfloor and between the front and rear axles, with no intrusion into the passenger compartment. It consists of 80 cells configured in series.[44] Mitsubishi's target was to achieve a combined fuel economy for Japan in "EV Drive" mode of 67 km/L equivalent, or equivalent to about 157 miles per U.S. gallon (MPGe). Fuel economy in hybrid mode for Japan is 5.3 L/100 km (44 mpg‑US).[28][46]

Regular (left) and CHAdeMO quick charging (right) sockets

The plug-in hybrid comes equipped with two charging sockets, regular and quick charging CHAdeMO. When charging at home the driver can choose between a standard 3-pin plug socket or via a dedicated EV charging point. The vehicle comes with a 5 m (16 ft) charging cable for connection to a standard plug socket. From a standard plug, charging from empty to full charge takes about five hours. From a dedicated charging point at home or at a public charging point, it takes about 3.5 hours for a full charge. The DC rapid charging socket can be used at CHAdeMO charging stations. Rapid charging allows for an 80% charge in approximately 25 minutes.[47]

The 2019 model Outlander has a 13.8 kWh battery, which increases the range to 65 km (40 mi) and the top speed to 135 km/h (84 mph).[48]

Driving modes

The Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV features three driving modes: "EV Drive", "Series Hybrid", and "Parallel Hybrid". The drivetrain automatically selects one of three drivetrain modes for optimal performance and efficiency. In "EV Drive" mode the vehicle is driven in an eco-friendly performance mode by the two electric motors, with energy being supplied exclusively by the lithium-ion battery pack, and becomes a 100% electric-powered zero-emission vehicle. In Series or Parallel drive modes, the generator produces electricity from the engine and stores it in the battery pack.[44]

Plug-in Hybrid EV badge

The engine is fitted with what Mitsubishi calls Innovative Valve timing Electronic Control (MIVEC), which claims to maximize power production, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce exhaust emissions. The system works by continuously varying the timing of the intake valves, according to engine speed, when operating in "Parallel Hybrid" mode. The engine functions solely to generate electricity in "Series Hybrid" mode and is mainly used to provide motive force in "Parallel Hybrid" mode.

The drivetrain switches to "Series Hybrid" when the energy level remaining in the battery pack is low or when the need arises for additional acceleration. In this mode the two electric motors are powered by the battery pack and the gasoline-powered generator. The vehicle can also switch to parallel hybrid mode. In this drive mode, the plug-in hybrid uses its full complement of available resources: the gasoline engine, the two electric motors and gasoline-powered engine generator. The "Parallel Hybrid" mode is the most commonly utilized when driving in a long-haul/high-speed steady-state cruise manner, such as on the open road or freeway. This is the most efficient drivetrain mode under these types of driving circumstances.[44]

Variable regenerative braking
Regenerative braking paddle

The Outlander PHEV features regenerative braking during normal deceleration (braking or coasting), with the front and rear electric motors working as generators so that electricity can be generated and fed back into the main battery pack. In addition, the plug-in hybrid has a set-up that allows the driver to control the strength of the engine braking with paddles behind the steering wheel. The driver switches on regenerative braking either by sliding the central selector to the "B" position, or by operating the paddles.[49]

Variable regenerative braking is achieved by tapping the paddles, the strength of the regenerative braking system could be stepped through six different settings—B0 to B5—allowing the driver to adjust how much power is restored into the battery, and to balance the amount of braking carried out with the amount of momentum the driver wants to maintain. For example, down a long but shallow slope it is better to keep rolling with a small level of recuperation, while down a steep hill, the driver can set the system to maximum regeneration. At its most aggressive setting, the regen system would easily hold the Outlander at 80 km/h (50 mph) down a moderate downhill slope. With minimum regen, the car would conserve momentum and coast without any power draw.[50][51]

Driver-activated modes
ECO Mode control switch
Charge (left) and Save (right) control buttons.

The Outlander PHEV features three driver-activated modes:[44]

  • ECO Mode: in this mode the vehicle reduces both fuel and electricity usage for increased efficiency simply with the touch of the button.
  • Battery Save Mode: In this driver-activated mode, the vehicle automatically conserves the energy within the drive battery pack by operating the vehicle in hybrid mode, running the engine when necessary to maintain the state of charge at around the same level as when the Save button was pressed. The "Battery Save Mode" will only operate once the battery pack's energy level falls below 90% full. For example, this mode would allow the vehicle to be driven in urban traffic with the engine/generator on to maintain a higher level of battery charge; it could then be deactivated, allowing the vehicle to be driven through a neighborhood silently at an appropriate speed in EV Drive Mode.
  • Battery Charge Mode: when activating, whether the vehicle is in motion or at a standstill, the engine will generate electricity to be fed into the battery pack, forcing the vehicle to operate in hybrid mode. For example, if the engine is idling and the vehicle is not moving, selecting this mode will replenish a low energy level within the battery pack back up to 80% fully charged in approximately 40 minutes.
Features of the plug-in hybrid EV
  • Screen showing driving mode (Normal or Eco) and range available: EV (battery only) and hybrid.
    Screen showing driving mode (Normal or Eco) and range available: EV (battery only) and hybrid.
  • The charging port is located in the rear right side.
    The charging port is located in the rear right side.
  • Charging cord plugged in the 220 V port
    Charging cord plugged in the 220 V port
  • Gasoline-powered engine (left) and frontal power drive unit (right)
    Gasoline-powered engine (left) and frontal power drive unit (right)

Sales

Sales began in Japan by late January 2013, becoming the first SUV plug-in hybrid in the market. Retail prices vary from ¥3,324,000 (US$36,650) to ¥4,297,000 (US$47,380).[46][52] The engine displacement of the largest version was kept below 2.5 litres so as to avoid having Japanese buyers having to pay more annual road tax which would affect sales.[citation needed]

Pre-facelift Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV
First facelift Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV
Second facelift Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV

The European version was unveiled at the 2013 Geneva Motor Show. The European version is similar to the Japanese model except for minor adjustments to comply with EU requirements, and Mitsubishi expected an emission rating of 44 g/km.[53] Retail deliveries began in Europe in October 2013,[54] beginning in the Netherlands and followed by the Nordic countries,[55][56] Sales in Australia were originally scheduled for June 2013, but began only in 2014.[57]

The introduction in the United States was initially scheduled for January 2014, but was delayed.[46][58] Due to California's regulations that require a battery-monitoring unit (BMU), Mitsubishi delayed the market launch in the US for the last quarter of 2015. The BMU conducts onboard diagnosis of the Outlander's lithium ion battery capacity and output, and it alerts the driver to possible degradation, which might affect the vehicle's emissions.[59] In January 2015 it was rescheduled again. Mitsubishi introduced a redesigned version as model year 2017. The latest delays were due to production constraints of the lithium-ion battery pack which could not keep up with worldwide demand.[60] U.S. deliveries were scheduled to begin by August 2016,[61] however, in July 2016, the release in the American market was postponed one more time, being rescheduled to mid-2017.[62] As of March 2019, the Outlander plug-in hybrid was available for retail sales in 50 countries.[7]

The Outlander PHEV ranked as the world's top selling plug-in hybrid in 2014, and also as the third best-selling plug-in electric car after the all-electrics Tesla Model S and Nissan Leaf.[63] Global sales totaled about 42,400 units in 2015, representing 24.6% of worldwide sales of the Outlander lineup,[64] making the plug-in hybrid for a second year in a row the world's best-selling plug-in hybrid, and also the third top selling plug-in electric car.[65] Cumulative global sales passed the 100,000 unit milestone in March 2016, becoming the fourth plug-in electric car to pass that mark.[66][67] Combined sales of the three top selling countries, Japan, the Netherlands and the UK, represented 78% of all Outlander PHEVs sold globally through the end of March 2016.[68]

The Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV ranked in 2014 as the top selling plug-in electric vehicle in Europe with 19,853 units sold,[69] ahead of the Nissan Leaf, the previous year top selling plug-in car, by more than 5,000 units.[70] During 2015, the Outlander plug-in hybrid surpassed the Leaf as the all-time top selling plug-in passenger car in Europe,[71] and for the second year in a row was the top selling plug-in electric car with 31,214 units sold.[72][69] Sales totaled 21,446 units in 2016, down 31% from 2015 and representing 41.5% of total Outlander sales in Europe,[73] but enough to make the Outlander Europe's best-selling plug-in hybrid car one more time.[74] Again in 2017, the Outlander PHEV topped plug-in hybrid sales in Europe, for the fifth year running.[75]

As of December 2017, the Outlander PHEV is the all-time top selling plug-in electric car in the Netherlands.[76] Shown charging in Amsterdam.

In 2014 the Outlander plug-in also ranked as the top selling plug-in hybrid in Norway, Germany, France and Finland.[77][78][79][80] It was also the top selling PEV in both Australia and New Zealand in 2014, with combined sales of about 1,100 units.[81][82] In 2015, the Outlander PHEV was the best-selling plug-in car in Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Spain.[83] Sales of the Outlander plug-in hybrid fell sharply from April 2016 as a result of Mitsubishi's fuel mileage scandal.[84]

The Outlander PHEV topped the Dutch monthly ranking of new car sales during November 2013, representing a market share of 6.8% of new passenger cars sold that month, and for the first time in the country, a plug-in electric vehicle was listed as the top selling new car.[85][86] In December 2013, the Outlander plug-in hybrid ranked again as the top selling new car that month in the Netherlands, with a 12.6% market share of new car sales,[87] and ended 2013 as the best-selling plug-in electric car.[88] Dutch sales of the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV reached the 10,000 unit milestone in April 2014,[89] and topped plug-in car sales in 2014 and 2015.[90][91] As of December 2017, the Outlander PHEV continued to rank as the all-time top selling plug-in electric car in the Netherlands.[76]

The Outlander plug-in hybrid was available for retail sales in 50 countries by March 2019.[7] Shown charging in Brasilia.

Four months after its market launch, the Outlander PHEV became the top selling plug-in hybrid in the UK, with about 1,200 units sold through August 2014,[92] and ended 2014 as the top selling plug-in electric car in the UK that year with 5,370 units sold.[93][94] Sales of the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV in the British market reached the 10,000 unit milestone in March 2015, passing the Nissan Leaf to become the all-time top selling plug-in electric vehicle in the UK.[95][96] The Outlander PHEV, with 11,681 units registered in 2015 was the top selling plug-in car in the UK for the second year running.[97] Cumulative sales passed the 25,000 unit mark by mid-October 2016, accounting for about 50% of all plug-in hybrid sold in the UK since 2010.[98] The 50,000th unit was delivered in April 2020,[99] As of December 2019, the Outlander PHEV remained as the all-time best selling plug-in car in the UK.[100]

The plug-in hybrid was the top selling plug-in electric car in Sweden for two years in a row, in 2014 and 2015.[101] As of December 2016, the Outlander PHEV remained as the all-time top selling plug-in car in Sweden.[102][101][103] In Norway, the Outlander PHEV was the plug-in hybrid segment's leader for two years running, 2014 and 2015.[93][104][105] The Outlander PHEV was the best selling plug-in car in Norway in 2016, the first time ever a plug-in hybrid topped the Norwegian list of top selling plug-in electric cars.[106] As of December 2016, the Outlander PHEV remained as the all-time top selling plug-in hybrid car in Norway.[104][105][106]

European sales passed the 100,000 unit milestone in January 2018, and global deliveries achieved the 150,000 unit mark in March 2018.[75] The 200,000th unit milestone was attained in March 2019.[7] Global sales reached 250,000 units in May 2020.[107] According to JATO Dynamics, the Outlander P-HEV became the world's all-time best selling plug-in hybrid in December 2018.[7]

Europe is the leading market with 126,617 units sold through January 2019,[8] followed by Japan with 42,451 units through March 2018.[75] European sales are led by the UK with 50,000 units delivered by April 2020,[99] followed by the Netherlands with 25,489 units, Norway with 14,196, and Sweden with 10,484 units, all through March 2018.[75] Australia ranks among the top selling countries in the rest of the world, with 2,906 units sold through March 2018.[75]

The following table presents retail sales and registrations for the top selling national markets by year through December 2015.

Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV
sales/registrations by country
2013 - 2015
Country Cumulative
2013-15		 2015 2014 2013
 Japan[108][109] 30,668 10,996 10,064 9,608
 Netherlands[110][111][112] 24,506 8,781 7,686 8,039
 UK[97] 17,045 11,681 5,364  
 Sweden[102][103] 5,687 3,302 2,289 96
 Norway[93][105] 4,360 2,875 1,485  
 Germany[93][113] 3,188 2,128 1,060  
 France[114][115] 1,727 907 820  
 Australia[81][116] 1,483 588(1) 895  
 Switzerland[117][118] 730 290 440  
 Spain[119][120] 598 389 209  
 Belgium[121][122][123] 352 191 160 1
 New Zealand[82][124] 336 139 197  
 Portugal[125][126] 261 229 32  
 Finland[80][127] 248 102 146  
 Italy[128][129] 209 142 67  
 Europe[69][130] 59,264 31,214 19,853 8,197
Global sales[69][81][82][108][130][131][64] 91,341 42,400 31,136 17,805
Notes: (1) Sales in Australia through September 2015.

Reception

The Outlander PHEV was selected as one of the top five finalists for the 2014 World Green Car of the Year.[132]

Battery incident

In March 2013, the battery pack of an Outlander PHEV at a dealership in Yokohama overheated and melted some of the battery cells, after the vehicle had been fully charged and stood for one day. Nobody was injured in the incident. The battery packs are produced by GS Yuasa, the same company that supplies the batteries for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, whose entire fleet was grounded in January 2013 for battery problems.[133][134] Mitsubishi did not issue a recall but halted production and sales until it determined the cause of the battery problems. The carmaker advised the 4,000 owners of the Outlander plug-in hybrid to drive only on gasoline mode for the time being.[133][135] On 19 August 2013, after changing a production process to avoid damaging any batteries, Mitsubishi restarted production of the Outlander plug-in hybrid.[136]

Fourth generation (2021)

Fourth generation
Overview
Production2021–present
Model years2022–
AssemblyJapan: Okazaki, Aichi (Okazaki Plant)
Body and chassis
PlatformRenault–Nissan CMF-CD platform
RelatedNissan Rogue (T33)
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,706 mm (106.5 in)
Length4,710 mm (185.4 in)
Width1,862 mm (73.3 in)
Height1,748 mm (68.8 in)
Rear view
Mitsubishi Engelberg Tourer concept at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show

The fourth-generation Outlander debuted on February 16, 2021. It takes inspiration from the Engelberg Tourer concept, which debuted at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show, and is heavily related to the Nissan Rogue (T33), riding on the CMF-CD platform, first ever for a Mitsubishi vehicle.[137]

Changes include the new PR25DD 2.5-litre petrol engine shared with the Nissan Rogue, producing 181 hp (184 PS; 135 kW) and 245 N⋅m (25.0 kg⋅m; 181 lb⋅ft). A plug-in hybrid powertrain is expected with diesel powertrains discontinued. Due to its close ties with the Rogue, many interior elements are also shared with this model. New interior features include an available 9.0-inch infotainment system with wireless Apple CarPlay, a 12.3-inch digital instrument cluster and a head-up display.[138]

It continues to offer the same seven-seat configuration as its predecessor unlike the Nissan Rogue that only has 5 seats.

Outlander includes a 360-degree camera, forward collision mitigation, lane-departure warning, blind-spot monitoring.[139] The 2022 Outlander SE Launch Edition adds features such as adaptive cruise control and lane departure prevention.[140]

Production and sales

Global Outlander sales achieved the 1.5 million unit milestone in October 2016, 15 years after its market launch.[5]

Year Production Sales Total (Year)
Airtrek Outlander Airtrek (Japan) Airtrek (export) Outlander (Japan) Outlander (export) Produced Sold
2001 21,245 - 19,160 601 - - 21,245 19,761
2002 68,431 - 14,132 45,845 - - 68,431 59,977
2003 77,331 60,512+ 7,427 7,917 N/A 60,512 137,843+ 75,856+
2004 60,817 56,997+ 3,198 320 N/A 56,997 117,814+ 60,515+
2005 49,596 21,173 1,030 302 18,919 48,822 70,769 69,073
2006 31,326 81,883 10 248 16,734 91,693 113,209 108,685
2007 10,857+ 170,084 N/A N/A 11,194 157,292 180,941+ 168486+
2008 5,714+ 129,383 N/A N/A 6,531 115,849 135,097+ 122,380+
2009 - 98,718 - - 7,638 89,919 98,718 97,557
2010 - 124,345 - - 6,852 116,672 124,345 123,524
2011 - 96,261 - - 4,249 93,828 96,261 98,077
2012 - 105,995 - - 8,439 95,305 105,995 103,744
2013 - N/A - - 9,608+ 8,197+ N/A 17,805+
2014 - N/A - - 10,064+ 21,072+ N/A 31,136+
2015 - N/A - - N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total (separate) 264,500+ 1,000,599+ 44,957+ 55,233+ 93,376+ 956,158+ 1,382,608+ 1,149,724+
Total (Combined) 1,382,608+ 1,149,724+ 232,884+ (not sold)

(sources: Facts & Figures 2005, Facts & Figures 2009, Facts & Figures 2013, Mitsubishi Motors website)

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  94. ^ "Confident Mitsubishi UK Builds on Strong 2014 Sales With New Five-Year Warranty" (Press release). London: Mitsubishi Motors UK. 7 January 2015. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  95. ^ "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV is the UK's Favourite Plug-In Vehicle". The Auto Channel. 9 March 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  96. ^ Andy Sharman (25 March 2015). "Mitsubishi's outlandish electric car success". Financial Times. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
  97. ^ a b "Record-breaking year for plug-in cars". Fleet News. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016. Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV registrations in the UK totaled 5,364 units in 2014 and 11,681 in 2015.
  98. ^ Millikin, Mike (14 October 2016). "Sales of Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV top 25K in UK, accounting for ~50% of all PHEVs there since 2010". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  99. ^ a b Fossdyke, James (20 April 2020). "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Racks Up 50,000 UK Sales". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  100. ^ RAC Foundation (January 2018). "Plug-in vehicles on the road - Number of battery-electric and plug-in hybrids in the UK (4Q 2019)". UK: RAC Foundation. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  101. ^ a b Bil Sweden (4 January 2016). "Nyregistreringar december 2016 def" [New Registrations December 2016 (final)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 15 April 2016. Download the pdf file "Nyregistreringar december 2016 def" (PressRel1612_DEF.pdf) See table: Nyregistrerade miljöpersonbilar december 2016. A total of 5,625 plug-in hybrids, 2,962 all-electric cars and 321 all-electric vans were registered in 2015, for a total of 8,908 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles. Passenger car registrations totaled 345,108 units in 2015. Figures for 2014 were revised.
  102. ^ a b Bil Sweden (4 January 2016). "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" [New Registrations December 2015 (final)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 25 January 2016. Download the pdf file "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" (PressRel1512_def.pdf) See table: Nyregistrerade miljöpersonbilar december 2015. A total of 2,289 units were registered in 2014, and 3,302 in 2015.
  103. ^ a b Bil Sweden (2 January 2015). "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" [New registrations in December 2014 (preliminar)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 4 January 2015. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" see tables: "Nyregistrerade supermiljöbilar december 2014" with summary of plug-in passenger car registrations by model for 2013 (revised) and 2014. A total of 2,289 units were registered in 2014, and 96 in 2013.
  104. ^ a b Ståle Frydenlund (2 January 2015). "Dobbelt så mange elbiler" [Twice as many electric cars] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  105. ^ a b c Frydenlund, Brett; Haugneland, Peter (6 January 2016). "Nesten 26.000 nye elbiler i fjor" [Nearly 26,000 new electric cars last year]. Norsk Elbilforening (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  106. ^ a b Staff (21 January 2017). "Outlander PHEV was best-selling plug-in model in Norway in 2016". Electric Cars Report. Retrieved 21 January 2017. In 2016, for the first time ever, a plug-in hybrid was the best-selling model, with the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV ending the year with 5.136 units.
  107. ^ Esther de Aragón (11 June 2020). "El Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV consigue llegar a la cifra récord de ventas de 250.000 unidades" [Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV achieves record sales of 250,000 units]. Automotive News Europe (in Spanish). movilidadeléctrica.com. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  108. ^ a b "三菱 i-MiEVなどの2015年12月度 販売実績" [Mitsubishi i-MiEV production and sales results for December 2015]. Electric Vehicle News (in Japanese). 28 January 2016. Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016. A total of 30,668 Outlander PHEVs have been sold in Japan through December 2015.
  109. ^ "三菱 i-MiEVなどの2014年12月度 生産・販売実績" [Mitsubishi i-MiEV production and sales results for December 2014] (in Japanese). Electric Vehicle News. 28 December 2014. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2015. Cumulative Outlander PHEVs sales in Japan through December 2014 totaled 19,672 units, consisting of 9,608 units sold in 2013 and 10,064 in 2014..
  110. ^ "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 10 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische auto" [Figures electric transport – Top 10 registered fully electric vehicle models] (PDF) (in Dutch). Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland. December 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2016. With a total of 24,506 Mitsubishi Outlander PHEVs registered by the end of December 2015, the plug-in hybrid is the all-time top registered plug-in electric vehicle in the Netherlands.
  111. ^ "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen" [Figures electric transport – Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models] (PDF) (in Dutch). Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland. January 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2015. A total of 15,725 Outlander PHEVs were registered in the Netherlands as of December 2014, and the plug-in hybrid ranked as the top registered plug-in electric vehicles in the country.
  112. ^ "Cijfers elektrich vervoer - Aantal per type voertuig (31-12-2013) and Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 5 geregistreerde modellen elektrische auto" [Figures electric transport- Number per type of vehicle and Top 5 models registered electric vehicle] (PDF) (in Dutch). Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland. January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  113. ^ Jose, Pontes (25 January 2016). "Germany December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  114. ^ Philippe Schwoerer (16 January 2015). "Mitsubishi mise et gagne sur l'hybride rechargeable" [Mitsubishi bets and wins with its plug-in hybrid] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  115. ^ Schwoerer, Philippe (8 January 2016). "Immatriculations des hybrides rechargeables : La barre des 5.000 est franchie!" [Registrations of rechargeable hybrids: The 5,000 mark was crossed!] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  116. ^ Pontes, Jose (16 October 2015). "Australia September 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 19 January 2015. About 588 Outlander PHEVs were sold in Australia between January and September 2015.
  117. ^ Pontes, Jose (18 January 2015). "Switzerland December 2014". EVSales.com. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  118. ^ Pontes, Jose (13 January 2016). "Switzerland December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  119. ^ Enrique García (7 January 2015). "Ventas de híbridos y eléctricos en España en 2014" [Hybrid and electric car sales in Spain in 2014]. Auto Blog en Español (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  120. ^ García, Enrique (21 January 2016). "Así fueron las ventas de híbridos, eléctricos y alternativos en España durante 2015: Toyota, Smart, Dacia y SEAT, líderes" [And these were the sales of hybrid, electric and alternative in Spain during 2015: Toyota, Smart, Dacia and SEAT, the leaders]. Auto Noción (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  121. ^ Pontes, Jose (18 January 2014). "Belgium December 2013". EVSales.com. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
  122. ^ Pontes, Jose (24 January 2015). "Belgium December 2014". EV Sales. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  123. ^ Pontes, Jose (26 January 2016). "Belgium December 2015". EV Sales. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  124. ^ Pontes, Jose (2 February 2016). "New Zealand December 2015 (Updated)". EVSales.com. Retrieved 27 February 2016. A total of 139 Outlander PHEVs were sold in New Zealand during 2015.
  125. ^ Piteira Mota, Sara (4 February 2015). "Vendas de carros eléctricos em máximos puxados pela BMW e Nissan" [Sales of electric cars in maximum hauled by BMW and Nissan] (in Portuguese). Económico. Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  126. ^ Associação de Utilizadores de Veículos Elétricos (UVE) (28 January 2016). "Explosão de vendas de VE's em Portugal no mês de Dezembro" [EV sales burst in Portugal in December] (in Portuguese). UVE. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  127. ^ Pontes, Jose (13 January 2016). "Finland December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  128. ^ Pontes, Jose (12 January 2015). "Italy December 2014". EVSales.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  129. ^ Pontes, Jose (13 January 2016). "Italy December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  130. ^ a b Mark Kane (20 January 2014). "8,197 Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Sold in Europe in 2013; Almost All in Netherlands". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 26 January 2014. A total of 8,197 Outlander PHEVs were sold in Europe during 2013.
  131. ^ Cobb, Jeff (28 March 2016). "Five Ways Toyota Updated Its 2017 Prius 'Prime' Plug-in Hybrid". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 30 March 2016. As of December 2015, the world's top selling plug-in electric cars are the Nissan Leaf (about 202,000), Tesla Model S (about 107,000), Chevrolet Volt and Ampera variants (over 106,000), Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV (about 92,000), and Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (about 75,000). All figures cumulative global sales since launch.
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  133. ^ a b Hiroko Tabuchi (27 March 2013). "New Problem for Boeing 787 Battery Maker". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
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  135. ^ Eric Loveday (10 April 2013). "Mitsubishi Extends Production Halt on Outlander PHEV as Perplexing Battery Investigation Continues". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
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  139. ^ https://www.motortrend.com/cars/mitsubishi/outlander/2021/2021-mitsubishi-outlander-phev-plug-in-hybrid-first-test-review/
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