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*[[Hong Jun-pyo]], Member of the [[National Assembly (South Korea)| National Assembly]], former Governor of [[South Gyeongsang]], former chairman of the [[Liberty Korea Party]], and [[2017 South Korean presidential election|2017 presidential candidate]].<ref name=autogenerated7>{{Cite web|title=Lee Nak-yon leads polls of prospective presidential candidates|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2020/05/356_288650.html|date=2020-04-28|website=koreatimes|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Hong Jun-pyo]], Member of the [[National Assembly (South Korea)| National Assembly]], former Governor of [[South Gyeongsang]], former chairman of the [[Liberty Korea Party]], and [[2017 South Korean presidential election|2017 presidential candidate]].<ref name=autogenerated7>{{Cite web|title=Lee Nak-yon leads polls of prospective presidential candidates|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2020/05/356_288650.html|date=2020-04-28|website=koreatimes|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Hwang Kyo-ahn]], former [[President of South Korea|Acting President]], [[Prime Minister of South Korea|Prime Minister]], and [[Ministry of Justice (South Korea)|Minister of Justice]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Poll: Fmr. PM Lee Nak-yon Leading Potential Contenders for 2022 Presidential Race|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&Seq_Code=152425|website=world.kbs.co.kr|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Hwang Kyo-ahn]], former [[President of South Korea|Acting President]], [[Prime Minister of South Korea|Prime Minister]], and [[Ministry of Justice (South Korea)|Minister of Justice]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Poll: Fmr. PM Lee Nak-yon Leading Potential Contenders for 2022 Presidential Race|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&Seq_Code=152425|website=world.kbs.co.kr|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Oh Se-hoon]], former Mayor of [[Seoul]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hwang Kyo-ahn starts campaign to lead the LKP|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2019/01/29/politics/Hwang-Kyoahn-starts-campaign-to-lead-the-LKP/3058856.html|website=koreajoongangdaily.joins.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated6>{{Cite web|title=Incumbent, former PMs narrow gap in poll of prospective presidential candidates|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20190102000486|last=|first=|date=2019-01-02|website=www.koreaherald.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Oh Se-hoon]], incumbent Mayor of [[Seoul]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hwang Kyo-ahn starts campaign to lead the LKP|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2019/01/29/politics/Hwang-Kyoahn-starts-campaign-to-lead-the-LKP/3058856.html|website=koreajoongangdaily.joins.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated6>{{Cite web|title=Incumbent, former PMs narrow gap in poll of prospective presidential candidates|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20190102000486|last=|first=|date=2019-01-02|website=www.koreaherald.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-09}}</ref>
*[[Yoo Seong-min]], Member of the [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]], [[2017 South Korean presidential election|2017 presidential candidate]], and former chairman of the [[Bareunmirae Party]].
*[[Yoo Seong-min]], Member of the [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]], [[2017 South Korean presidential election|2017 presidential candidate]], and former chairman of the [[Bareunmirae Party]].
*[[Yoon Seok-youl]], former [[Prosecutor General of South Korea]].<ref name=autogenerated6 />
*[[Yoon Seok-youl]], former [[Prosecutor General of South Korea]].<ref name=autogenerated6 />
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File:Shinzō Abe and Hong Jun-pyo at the Japanese Prime Minister's Office (cropped).jpg|[[Hong Jun-pyo]]
File:Shinzō Abe and Hong Jun-pyo at the Japanese Prime Minister's Office (cropped).jpg|[[Hong Jun-pyo]]
File:Hwang Kyo-ahnrio.jpg|[[Hwang Kyo-ahn]]
File:Hwang Kyo-ahnrio.jpg|[[Hwang Kyo-ahn]]
File:KakaoTalk 20151029 165836153 (cropped).jpg|[[Oh Se-hoon]]
File:Oh_Se-hoon_in_June_2020.jpg|[[Oh Se-hoon]]
File:강릉 산불 바른정당 유승민 동부지방산림청장 고기연 강릉시장 최명희 2017-05-07 10.23.03 (cropped).jpg|[[Yoo Seong-min]]
File:강릉 산불 바른정당 유승민 동부지방산림청장 고기연 강릉시장 최명희 2017-05-07 10.23.03 (cropped).jpg|[[Yoo Seong-min]]
File:윤석열_검찰총장.png|[[Yoon Seok-youl]]
File:윤석열_검찰총장.png|[[Yoon Seok-youl]]
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Former [[Prosecutor General of South Korea]] [[Yoon Seok-youl]] is also considered a potential presidential candidate in the election.<ref>{{cite news |date= 17 January 2020|title= 윤석열, 차기 대통령감 반열에…PK서 홍준표와 공동 4위 [한국갤럽]|url= http://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20200117/99273550/2|access-date= 20 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= 17 January 2020|title= [대권주자 지지율] 윤석열, 1%로 대권주자 반열에 올랐다… 이낙연 24%, 황교안 9%, 안철수 4%|url= https://www.sisaweek.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=130152|access-date= 20 January 2020}}</ref> Yoon led a January 2021 poll as the most favored presidential candidate on 30.4 percent, over the ruling Democratic Party's [[Lee Jae-myung]] and [[Lee Nak-yeon]].<ref>{{cite news |date= 3 January 2021|title= Chief prosecutor tops poll of presidential hopefuls|url= https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210103001200315?section=national/politics|access-date= 3 January 2021}}</ref>
Former [[Prosecutor General of South Korea]] [[Yoon Seok-youl]] is also considered a potential presidential candidate in the election.<ref>{{cite news |date= 17 January 2020|title= 윤석열, 차기 대통령감 반열에…PK서 홍준표와 공동 4위 [한국갤럽]|url= http://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20200117/99273550/2|access-date= 20 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= 17 January 2020|title= [대권주자 지지율] 윤석열, 1%로 대권주자 반열에 올랐다… 이낙연 24%, 황교안 9%, 안철수 4%|url= https://www.sisaweek.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=130152|access-date= 20 January 2020}}</ref> Yoon led a January 2021 poll as the most favored presidential candidate on 30.4 percent, over the ruling Democratic Party's [[Lee Jae-myung]] and [[Lee Nak-yeon]].<ref>{{cite news |date= 3 January 2021|title= Chief prosecutor tops poll of presidential hopefuls|url= https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210103001200315?section=national/politics|access-date= 3 January 2021}}</ref>


Former [[Mayor of Seoul]] [[Oh Se-hoon]], famous for resigning following the failure of the [[2011 Seoul free lunch referendum]], has also been mentioned as a possible presidential candidate following his defeat in the [[2020 South Korean legislative election]].<ref name=autogenerated7 /> [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]] member [[Yoo Seong-min]], one of the most prominent conservative opponents of [[Park Geun-hye|Park]] and a co-founder of the [[2016 South Korean political scandal|breakaway]] [[Bareun Party]] in 2016, is also mentioned as a possible candidate.<ref name=autogenerated6 />
[[Mayor of Seoul]] [[Oh Se-hoon]] has also been mentioned as a possible presidential candidate following his defeat in the [[2020 South Korean legislative election]], but he returned to the mayoral post after winning the mayoral [[2021_South_Korean_by-elections#Mayor_of_Seoul|by-election in April 2021]].<ref name=autogenerated7 /> Former [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]] member [[Yoo Seong-min]], one of the most prominent conservative opponents of [[Park Geun-hye|Park]] and a co-founder of the [[2016 South Korean political scandal|breakaway]] [[Bareun Party]] in 2016, is also mentioned as a possible candidate.<ref name=autogenerated6 />


===Justice Party===
===Justice Party===

Revision as of 11:58, 8 April 2021

2022 Korean presidential election
← 2017 9 March 2022 2027 →
 
Party Democratic People Power
 
Party Justice People Party (South Korea)
Incumbent President

Moon Jae-in
Democratic



A presidential election is scheduled to be held in South Korea in 2022. It will be the eighth presidential election since democratization and the establishment of the Sixth Republic. Under the South Korean constitution, the president is restricted to a single five-year term in office,[1] meaning the incumbent president Moon Jae-in is ineligible to run for a second term.

Background

Following the 2016 South Korean political scandal, longtime liberal politician Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party defeated right-wing firebrand Hong Jun-pyo (Liberty Korea Party) and centrist Ahn Cheol-soo by a wide margin in the 2017 presidential election. Following a somewhat rocky first three years in office, Moon's hand was significantly strengthened by his party's historic victory in the 2020 legislative election, which gave his party an absolute majority of 163 out of 300 seats in the National Assembly.[2]

While the National Assembly election was seen as a test of Moon's popularity, the contest for the symbolically crucial Jongno district (which contains the Blue House) between two former Prime Ministers, the liberal Lee Nak-yeon and the conservative Hwang Kyo-ahn, was seen as a harbinger of the 2022 presidential contest.[3] Lee won the contest and is considered to be the frontrunner for the 2022 presidential election.[4][5]

Electoral system

The President of South Korea is elected via a single round plurality voting system. The President serves a term of five years and is ineligible to seek re-election either directly or indirectly.

Potential candidates

Democratic Party

The Democratic Party (Korean: 더불어민주당) is the ruling political party of South Korea following its victories in the 2017 presidential election, 2018 local elections and the 2020 National Assembly election. While the current party was technically founded in 2014,[6] it should be understood as the current iteration of South Korea's long line of liberal parties dating back to the original Democratic Party that was founded in 1955. The party is considered to be something of a big tent party comprising both centrist[7] and liberal factions.[8] Politicians in the party generally support a social market economy with a strong social safety net, anti-corruption measures, direct democracy, and environmentalist policies.[9] On matters of foreign policy, the party supports reconciliation and eventual reunification with North Korea.[10] Incumbent president Moon Jae-in, a member of the party, is ineligible to run for reelection due to term limits. The party is particularly strong in Honam region.[11]

The following individuals have been mentioned as potential candidates of the Democratic Party for the 2022 presidential election:

Following and prior to his victory in the crucial district of Jongno in the 2020 legislative election, former Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon has emerged as the unequivocal frontrunner for both the Democratic Party's nomination and the general election. Lee, who is celebrated for his expertise on Japanese relations[18][19] and administrative capabilities he has shown during his time as South Jeolla Provincial Governor[20] and President Moon Jae-in's first Prime minister,[21] is supported by Moon's faction of the party evinced by his landslide victory in party leadership contest.[22] Gyeonggi Governor Lee Jae-Myung, who ran a left-wing populist campaign for president in 2017 while Mayor of Seongnam, has emerged as the second most popular prospective candidate across parties as a result of his well-received response to the 2019 coronavirus pandemic.[5]Current Prime Minister Chung Sye-kyun is also reported to be preparing for a presidential bid.[23]

Others mentioned as potential Democratic candidates include Former Minister of Health and Welfare Rhyu Si-min, a 2007 presidential candidate who announced his retirement from politics in 2013 but has since become an internet commentator and chair of the Roh Moo-hyun Foundation;[24] Kim Boo-kyum, a former member of the conservative Grand National Party who served as Minister of the Interior and Safety under Moon and is considered to be a political centrist.[16]

People Power Party

The People Power Party (Korean: 국민의힘) is the current iteration of a long line of South Korean conservative parties. The party was formally established in 2020[25] following a merger of multiple conservative parties created in the fallout of the 2016 South Korean corruption scandal that led to the fall of conservative president Park Geun-hye and her Saenuri Party. In the 2017 presidential election, the party's predecessor nominated right-wing populist[26] Hong Jun-pyo, who went on to lose the election to liberal Moon Jae-in. The party lost further ground in the 2020 National Assembly election.[27] On matters of policy, politicians in the party generally support neoliberal economic policies (including support for chaebols,[28] the industrial conglomerates that dominate the South Korean economy) and hold conservative positions on national security, including hawkish stances on North Korea.[29] The party is particularly strong in the southeastern Gyeongsang region.[30]

The following individuals have been mentioned as potential candidates of the People Power Party for the 2022 presidential election:

Former Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn, a longtime prosecutor who entered politics as Minister of Justice and later became President of South Korea following Park Geun-hye's resignation, was seen as the most likely right-wing candidate for the 2022 presidential election.[35] However, his high-profile defeat in the 2020 South Korean legislative election in the crucial Jongno district versus Democratic former Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon harmed his standing in national polling.[36] As a result, right-wing populist Hong Jun-pyo, the conservative opponent of Moon in 2017, has emerged as the leading conservative candidate in 2022.[37]

Former Prosecutor General of South Korea Yoon Seok-youl is also considered a potential presidential candidate in the election.[38][39] Yoon led a January 2021 poll as the most favored presidential candidate on 30.4 percent, over the ruling Democratic Party's Lee Jae-myung and Lee Nak-yeon.[40]

Mayor of Seoul Oh Se-hoon has also been mentioned as a possible presidential candidate following his defeat in the 2020 South Korean legislative election, but he returned to the mayoral post after winning the mayoral by-election in April 2021.[31] Former National Assembly member Yoo Seong-min, one of the most prominent conservative opponents of Park and a co-founder of the breakaway Bareun Party in 2016, is also mentioned as a possible candidate.[34]

Justice Party

The Justice Party (Korean: 정의당) is a centre-left, social democratic and progressive party that was founded in October 2012.

People Party

The People Party (Korean: 국민의당) is the most recent party founded by centrist politician Ahn Cheol-soo, a former medical doctor and software executive who ran for president in 2017 and 2012. At one point, Ahn, who describes himself as a practioner of "new politics",[41] emerged as a major threat to liberal candidate Moon Jae-in in 2017 following the conservative Hong Jun-pyo's collapse in polling. However, Ahn finished in third place behind winner Moon and Hong with approximately 21.41% of the vote.[42] In the 2020 National Assembly election, the People Party faired poorly, winning a mere 3 seats. In comparison, Ahn's previous outfit, the similarly named People's Party, won an unexpectedly large 38 seats in the 2016 National Assembly election.[43]

The following individuals have been mentioned as potential candidates of the People Party for the 2022 presidential election:

  • Ahn Cheol-soo
    Ahn Cheol-soo

Ahn Cheol-soo, a former medical doctor, software engineer and National Assembly member who is known for his centrist views, is considered a possible 2022 presidential candidate following his performance in the 2017 presidential election.[31]

References

  1. ^ Republic of Korea: Election for President IFES
  2. ^ "South Korea's governing party wins election by a landslide". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  3. ^ "Two former prime ministers to have big showdown in Jongno". www.donga.com. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  4. ^ McGrath, Ben. "South Korea's Democratic Party wins general election in landslide". www.wsws.org. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  5. ^ a b "Lee Nak-yon leads polls of prospective presidential candidates". koreatimes. 2020-04-28. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  6. ^ "TBS". www.tbs.seoul.kr. Retrieved 2020-04-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/CO19219.pdf
  8. ^ Park, S. Nathan. "South Korea Is a Liberal Country Now". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  9. ^ 더불어민주당
  10. ^ Fifield, Anna (2017-05-02). "South Korea's likely next president asks the U.S. to respect its democracy". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  11. ^ Larsen, Morten Soendergaard. "South Korea Holds World's First National Coronavirus Election". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  12. ^ "Poll: Fmr. PM Lee Nak-yon Leading Potential Contenders for 2022 Presidential Race". world.kbs.co.kr. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  13. ^ "South Korea Election Win Turns Moon Premier Into Possible Rival". www.bloomberg.com. 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2020-10-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Will Prime Minister Lee Nak-yon make Korea's next President after Moon?". The Korea Post (in Korean). 2019-06-07. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  15. ^ "South Korea election win turns former premier into possible Moon rival". The Japan Times. 2020-04-21. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  16. ^ a b "Incumbent, former PMs narrow gap in poll of prospective presidential candidates". www.koreaherald.com. 2019-01-02. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  17. ^ "(News Focus) Moon's remaining presidency rests much on by-election outcome, with political realignment looming". 3 April 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  18. ^ "Anti-Japan sentiment in Korea – The Diplomat". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  19. ^ "South Korean prime minister pick seen as point man on Japan". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  20. ^ "Impact Player: Lee Nak-yon". www.csis.org. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
  21. ^ "[단독] 이낙연 총리, 총선 불출마ㆍ유임 가닥… 안정에 방점 개각 폭 조정할 듯". 한국일보 (in Korean). 2019-07-23. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
  22. ^ "친문 압도적 지지 '달콤한 독배' 받아든 이낙연". 한국일보 (in Korean). 2020-09-01. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
  23. ^ "(News Focus) Moon's remaining presidency rests much on by-election outcome, with political realignment looming". 3 April 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  24. ^ "Politician-turned-star writer again declines to work for Cheong Wa Dae". koreatimes. 2019-01-27. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  25. ^ "'의석 113석' 미래통합당 출범…오늘 의원총회서 상견례". news.tvchosun.com (in Korean). 2020-02-18. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  26. ^ Alexandra Field; Jo Shelley; James Griffiths. "South Korean opposition leader: Nukes are the only way to guarantee peace". CNN. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  27. ^ "South Korea's governing party wins election by a landslide". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  28. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/08/world/asia/south-korea-election-president.html
  29. ^ [Editorial] The United Future Party is just a throwback to Park Geun-hye’s Saenuri Party : Editorial & Opinion : News : The Hankyoreh
  30. ^ "COVID-19 Factor Powers South Korea's Ruling Party to Historic Victory". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  31. ^ a b c "Lee Nak-yon leads polls of prospective presidential candidates". koreatimes. 2020-04-28. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  32. ^ "Poll: Fmr. PM Lee Nak-yon Leading Potential Contenders for 2022 Presidential Race". world.kbs.co.kr. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  33. ^ "Hwang Kyo-ahn starts campaign to lead the LKP". koreajoongangdaily.joins.com. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  34. ^ a b c "Incumbent, former PMs narrow gap in poll of prospective presidential candidates". www.koreaherald.com. 2019-01-02. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  35. ^ 유청모 (2019-10-01). "Lee Nak-yon, Hwang Kyo-ahn lead poll of prospective presidential candidates". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  36. ^ Lee Nak-yon, Hwang Kyo-ahn lead poll of prospective presidential candidates | Yonhap News Agency
  37. ^ Lee Nak-yon leads polls of prospective presidential candidates
  38. ^ "윤석열, 차기 대통령감 반열에…PK서 홍준표와 공동 4위 [한국갤럽]". 17 January 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  39. ^ "[대권주자 지지율] 윤석열, 1%로 대권주자 반열에 올랐다… 이낙연 24%, 황교안 9%, 안철수 4%". 17 January 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  40. ^ "Chief prosecutor tops poll of presidential hopefuls". 3 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  41. ^ "Software Tycoon Turns Political Kingmaker in Korea Stalemate". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2020-05-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  42. ^ "NATIONAL ELECTION COMMISSION". www.nec.go.kr. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  43. ^ "People's Party falls into crisis as Ahn resigns". koreatimes. 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
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