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Kolathiri origin from Tulu Alupas dynasty.
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'''Kolathiri''' or '''Kolathiri Rājā (King of [[Kolathunadu|Kolathunādu]])''' was the title by which the senior-most male along the matrilineal line of the [[Mushika Kingdom|Mushika]] or '''Kolathunādu Royal Family''' (Kolaswarũpam) was styled.<ref name = "Kol1">Duarte Barbosa, The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and their Inhabitants, II, ed.M. L Dames (repr., London: Hakluyt Society, 1921)</ref><ref name = "Kol2">The Dutch in Malabar: Selection from the Records of the Madras Government, No. 13 (Madras: Printed by the Superintendent, Government Press, 1911), 143.</ref> Descended from the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]], [[Pandyan dynasty|Pandyas]], [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]], and the [[Ay kingdom|Ay]] (subsequently known later as the [[Venad]] and much later the 'Travancore' Royal Family) originating in the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] area. The Kolathiri would have started out as a branch of the Cheras and the Ay in the period it was known as Mushika. They had their seat at Ezhimala in [[Kerala]], [[India]] and was one of the major political houses which became completely independent and prominent in Kerala, after the disappearance of the imperial Kulasekharas or Perumāl rulers of Mahodayapuram by the twelfth century AD.<ref name = "Kol29">Perumals of Kerala by M. G. S. Narayanan (Calicut: Private Circulation, 1996)</ref> The Kolathiri family and the Travancore family reciprocally adopted girl-children from each other for several centuries right into the 1990s.
'''Kolathiri''' or '''Kolathiri Rājā (King of [[Kolathunadu|Kolathunādu]])''' was the title by which the senior-most male along the matrilineal line of the [[Mushika Kingdom|Mushika]] or '''Kolathunādu Royal Family''' (Kolaswarũpam) was styled.<ref name = "Kol1">Duarte Barbosa, The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and their Inhabitants, II, ed.M. L Dames (repr., London: Hakluyt Society, 1921)</ref><ref name = "Kol2">The Dutch in Malabar: Selection from the Records of the Madras Government, No. 13 (Madras: Printed by the Superintendent, Government Press, 1911), 143.</ref> Descended from the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]], [[Pandyan dynasty|Pandyas]], [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]], and the [[Ay kingdom|Ay]] (subsequently known later as the [[Venad]] and much later the 'Travancore' Royal Family) originating in the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] area. The Kolathiri would have started out as a branch of the Cheras and the Ay in the period it was known as Mushika. They had their seat at Ezhimala in [[Kerala]], [[India]] and was one of the major political houses which became completely independent and prominent in Kerala, after the disappearance of the imperial Kulasekharas or Perumāl rulers of Mahodayapuram by the twelfth century AD.<ref name = "Kol29">Perumals of Kerala by M. G. S. Narayanan (Calicut: Private Circulation, 1996)</ref> The Kolathiri family and the Travancore family reciprocally adopted girl-children from each other for several centuries right into the 1990s.
The Matriarchal '''Tulu-Nepalese''' rulers including Cochin and Travancore are related Tulu invader Banapperumal<ref>{{Cite book|last=Panikkassery|first=Velayudhan|title=Keralolpathi|publisher=CURRENT BOOKS|year=2008|isbn=ISBN 81-240-1820-0|location=|pages=pp. 01}}</ref> who invaded Kerala in 1120 AD.These dynasties are Nambudiri mixed, who migrated from Ahichatra capital of ancient Nepal but were residents of Coastal Karnataka before they invaded Kerala in 1120 AD with 350000 strong Nair army<ref>{{Cite book|last=Panikkassery|first=Velayudhan|title=Keralolpathi|publisher=CURRENT BOOKS|year=2008|isbn=ISBN 81-240-1820-0|location=|pages=pp.34}}</ref>.Kolathiris and Travancore kings are related to Bunt (community) and they are not of Villavar Chera descent<ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ayinapalli|first=Aiyappan|title=The Personality of Kerala.|publisher=Department of Publications, University of Kerala|year=1982|isbn=|location=|pages=pp. 162.}}</ref>.
The Matriarchal '''Tulu-Nepalese''' rulers including Cochin and Travancore are related Tulu invader Banapperumal<ref>{{Cite book|last=Panikkassery|first=Velayudhan|title=Keralolpathi|publisher=CURRENT BOOKS|year=2008|isbn=ISBN 81-240-1820-0|location=|pages=pp. 01}}</ref> who invaded Kerala in 1120 AD.These dynasties are Nambudiri mixed, who migrated from Ahichatra capital of ancient Nepal but were residents of Coastal Karnataka before they invaded Kerala in 1120 AD with 350000 strong Nair army<ref>{{Cite book|last=Panikkassery|first=Velayudhan|title=Keralolpathi|publisher=CURRENT BOOKS|year=2008|isbn=ISBN 81-240-1820-0|location=|pages=pp.34}</ref>.Kolathiris and Travancore kings are related to Bunt (community) and they are not of Villavar Chera descent<ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ayinapalli|first=Aiyappan|title=The Personality of Kerala.|publisher=Department of Publications, University of Kerala|year=1982|isbn=|location=|pages=pp. 162.}}</ref>.
Cheras were Villavar Tamils, supported by Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar armies. Chera king was called Villavarkone<ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=ஆழ்வார்|first=குலசேகர|title=பெருமாள் திருமொழி|publisher=|year=825|isbn=|location=|pages= pp. 01}}</ref>{{வில்லவர்கோன் சேரன் குலசே கரன்முடி வேந்தர் சிகாமணியே பெருமாள் திருமொழி,குலசேகர ஆழ்வார்}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramachandran|first=Dr. Puthussery|title=Kulasekhara Alvarute Perumal Thirumozhi|publisher=Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd,|year=2016|isbn=ISBN-100000306827
Cheras were Villavar Tamils, supported by Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar armies. Chera king was called Villavarkone<ref>{{Cite book|last=ஆழ்வார்|first=குலசேகர|title=பெருமாள் திருமொழி|publisher=|year=825|isbn=|location=|pages= pp. 01}}</ref>{{வில்லவர்கோன் சேரன் குலசே கரன்முடி வேந்தர் சிகாமணியே பெருமாள் திருமொழி,குலசேகர ஆழ்வார்}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramachandran|first=Dr. Puthussery|title=Kulasekhara Alvarute Perumal Thirumozhi|publisher=Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd,|year=2016|isbn=ISBN-100000306827
ISBN-13 978-0000306821|location=|pages=pp. 01}}</ref>.
ISBN-13 978-0000306821|location=|pages=pp. 01}}</ref>.


Revision as of 18:20, 22 April 2021

Main article: Mushika Kingdom

Kolathiri or Kolathiri Rājā (King of Kolathunādu) was the title by which the senior-most male along the matrilineal line of the Mushika or Kolathunādu Royal Family (Kolaswarũpam) was styled.[1][2] Descended from the Cheras, Pandyas, Cholas, and the Ay (subsequently known later as the Venad and much later the 'Travancore' Royal Family) originating in the Thiruvananthapuram area. The Kolathiri would have started out as a branch of the Cheras and the Ay in the period it was known as Mushika. They had their seat at Ezhimala in Kerala, India and was one of the major political houses which became completely independent and prominent in Kerala, after the disappearance of the imperial Kulasekharas or Perumāl rulers of Mahodayapuram by the twelfth century AD.[3] The Kolathiri family and the Travancore family reciprocally adopted girl-children from each other for several centuries right into the 1990s. The Matriarchal Tulu-Nepalese rulers including Cochin and Travancore are related Tulu invader Banapperumal[4] who invaded Kerala in 1120 AD.These dynasties are Nambudiri mixed, who migrated from Ahichatra capital of ancient Nepal but were residents of Coastal Karnataka before they invaded Kerala in 1120 AD with 350000 strong Nair army[5].Kolathiris and Travancore kings are related to Bunt (community) and they are not of Villavar Chera descentCite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).. Cheras were Villavar Tamils, supported by Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar armies. Chera king was called Villavarkone[6]Template:வில்லவர்கோன் சேரன் குலசே கரன்முடி வேந்தர் சிகாமணியே பெருமாள் திருமொழி,குலசேகர ஆழ்வார்</ref>[7].

Cultural depictions

Kolattiri Raja's minister Kuruppu's Arabic letter to Vasco da Gama (1524)

"Kolathiri" appears as a character in a Malayalam film titled Urumi. The film was loosely based on Portuguese interference in north Kerala and the misdeeds committed by Vasco da Gama, who was hailed as a hero in the west but was actually a cold-hearted tyrant to other lands of the spice route; his entry into Kerala politics and manipulating the kingpins and a young Indian who tries to kill Vasco da Gama. The movie was released on 31 March 2011.

References

  1. ^ Duarte Barbosa, The Book of Duarte Barbosa: An Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and their Inhabitants, II, ed.M. L Dames (repr., London: Hakluyt Society, 1921)
  2. ^ The Dutch in Malabar: Selection from the Records of the Madras Government, No. 13 (Madras: Printed by the Superintendent, Government Press, 1911), 143.
  3. ^ Perumals of Kerala by M. G. S. Narayanan (Calicut: Private Circulation, 1996)
  4. ^ Panikkassery, Velayudhan (2008). Keralolpathi. CURRENT BOOKS. pp. pp. 01. ISBN ISBN 81-240-1820-0. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); no-break space character in |pages= at position 4 (help)
  5. ^ {{Cite book|last=Panikkassery|first=Velayudhan|title=Keralolpathi|publisher=CURRENT BOOKS|year=2008|isbn=ISBN 81-240-1820-0|location=|pages=pp.34}
  6. ^ ஆழ்வார், குலசேகர (825). பெருமாள் திருமொழி. pp. pp. 01. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  7. ^ Ramachandran, Dr. Puthussery (2016). Kulasekhara Alvarute Perumal Thirumozhi. Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd,. pp. pp. 01. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/ISBN-100000306827 ISBN-13 978-0000306821|ISBN-100000306827 ISBN-13 978-0000306821]]. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); line feed character in |isbn= at position 20 (help); no-break space character in |pages= at position 4 (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
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