Baronage of Scotland

Ayton Castle, Scottish Borders, caput of the feudal barony of Ayton. Built in 1851 in the Scottish Baronial style by William Mitchell-Innes, then feudal baron of Ayton, to the design of James Gillespie Graham

In Scotland, a baron is the head of a feudal barony, also known as a prescriptive barony. This used to be attached to a particular piece of land on which was situated the caput (Latin for "head") or essence of the barony, normally a building, such as a castle or manor house. Accordingly, the owner of the piece of land containing the caput was called a baron (or baroness). According to Grant, there were around 350 identifiable local baronies in Scotland by the early fifteenth century and these could mostly be mapped against local parish boundaries. The term baron was in general use from the thirteenth century to describe what would have been known in England as a knight of the shire.

The Court of the Lord Lyon issued a ruling in April 2015 that recognises a person possessing the dignity of baron and other feudal titles (lordship/earl/marquis). The Lord Lyon King of Arms now prefers the approach of recognizing the particular feudal noble dignity as expressed in the Crown Charter that the petitioner presents. These titles are recognised as the status of a minor baron but not a peer. Scottish feudal baronies may be passed to any person, of either sex, by inheritance or conveyance.

Scotland has a distinct legal system within the United Kingdom. Historically, in the Kingdom of Scotland, the Lord Lyon King of Arms, as the Sovereign's minister in matters armorial, is at once herald and judge. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is a Lord of Parliament.

History

A "Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure" was, from 1660 until 2004, the feudal description of the only genuine degree of title of UK nobility capable of being bought and sold (along with the caput, or property), rather than passing strictly by blood inheritance.

Statutes of 1592 and the Baronetcy Warrants of King Charles I show the non-peerage Table of Precedence as: Baronets, Knights, Barons and Lairds, Esquire and Gentlemen.

A General Register of Sasines was set up by Statute in 1617, with entry in the Register giving the prescriptive right (right by normal or correct usage), after so many years, to the caput or essence of the barony. The individual who owned the said piece of land containing the caput was hence the baron or baroness. Uncertainty over armorial right was removed by the Lyon Register being set up by Statute in 1672, such that no arms were to be borne in Scotland unless validly entered in Lyon Register.

Up until 1874, each new baron was confirmed in his barony by the Crown by Charter of Confirmation. Up until 28 November 2004, a barony was an estate of land held directly of the Crown, or the Prince and Great Steward of Scotland. It was an essential element of a barony title that there existed a Crown Charter erecting the land into a barony, recorded in the Register of the Great Seal of Scotland. Often the original Charter was later lost, however an Official Extract has the same legal status as the original Charter.

From the Treaty of Union of 1707 - until 1999 - a unified Parliament of Great Britain (since January, 1801, known as the Parliament of the United Kingdom), at Westminster, was responsible for passing legislation affecting private law both north and south of the Scottish border. In 1999, the devolved Scottish Parliament was established, and private law measures can now be passed at Holyrood, the seat of the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh.

Using a "prescriptive feudal grant" allowed developers to impose perpetual conditions affecting the land. The courts became willing to accept the validity of such obligations, which became known as "real burdens". In practical and commercial terms, these real burdens were like English leasehold tenure.

Abolition of feudal tenure

The first Scottish Executive was committed to abolishing the feudal system. On 28 November 2004, the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into full force and effect, putting an end to Scotland's feudal system. Under Scots law, a Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure is now "incorporeal feudal heritage", not attached to the land and remains the only genuine, prescriptive, degree of title of UK nobility capable of being bought and sold – since under Section 63(1) of the Act, the dignity of baron is preserved after the abolition of the feudal system. However, the Abolition Act did end the ability to get feudal land privileges by inheriting or acquiring the caput (land or castle) in Scotland. In common law jurisdictions, land may still be owned and inherited through a barony if the land is titled in "the Baron of X" as baron rather than in the individual's name. In America, it passes with the barony as a fee simple appurtenance to an otherwise incorporeal hereditament, the barony being treated like a landowning corporation. In Scotland, the practice has not been tested in a Court of Session case since the Act.

What is possibly the oldest barony in Scotland, the Barony of the Bachuil, has not depended on land ownership for centuries; the barony passes along with the possession of a certain ancient stick, "The Bachuil Mór", which was once the bishop's staff of the Pictish Saint Moluag in the year 562. Unlike all other barons in Scotland, the lawful possessor of the stick is the Baron of the Bachuil, regardless of landholdings.

After 28 November 2004 under Scots law, a Scottish barony, which was previously Scottish heritable property (real property), became incorporeal heritable property (not attached to the land). Prior to the Act coming into effect, Scottish feudal baronies (including lordships and earldoms) were the only genuine title of UK nobility capable of being transferred following the sale of land containing a caput (or the sale of a feudal superiority).

Most baronies were created (erected) prior to 1745, but one was erected as late as 1824. Since the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into effect, the Lord Lyon, who is the Chief Herald of Scotland, has restored a more traditional form to the coat of arms of a baron. Barons are now identified by the helm befitting their degree. A new policy statement has been made by the Lord Lyon to this effect.

The holder of the dignity of a barony may petition the Lord Lyon for a grant of arms, as he falls under the jurisdiction of the Lyon's Court. A policy statement has been made to this effect by the Lord Lyon. The Lyon Court has no jurisdiction in relation to the assignation, or legal transfer of, feudal titles.

Usage

An English barony is a peerage (yet the abolition act of 1660 allows for some remaining non-peer baronies not converted by writ to remain as feudal baronies of free socage "incorporeal hereditament"), but whether Scottish barons rightfully rank as peers is disputable. They are known as minor barons currently treated as noble titles of less than peerage rank. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is "Lord of Parliament".

The feudal baronial title tends to be used when a landed family is not in possession of any United Kingdom peerage title of higher rank, subsequently granted, or has been created a knight of the realm. The name recorded by the Lord Lyon as part of any grant of arms or matriculation becomes the holder's name for all official purposes.

The holder of a Scottish barony (e.g., "Inverglen") may add the title to his existing name (e.g., "John Smith, Baron of Inverglen") or add the territorial designation to his surname if still in possession of the caput ("John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen"); some of the oldest Scottish families prefer to be styled by the territorial designation alone ("Smith of Inverglen"). Formal and in writing, they are styled as The Much Honoured Baron of Inverglen. A baron may be addressed socially as "Inverglen" or "Baron," and introduced in the third person as "John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen" or "The Baron of Inverglen". When referred to informally in the third person it is incorrect to refer to him as "Baron Inverglen" or "Lord Inverglen", as these would imply a peerage title (i.e. Lord of Parliament) A married couple may be styled "The Baron and Baroness of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Madam Smith of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Lady Inverglen", or "The Baron of Inverglen and Lady Inverglen." The oldest son of a feudal baron may be known by his father's territorial designation with the addition of "yr" (abbreviation for "younger"), as in "John Smith of Inverglen, yr" and the eldest daughter if heir apparent is entitled to use the courtesy title "Maid of [Barony]" at the end of her name.

The United Kingdom policy of using titles on passports requires that the applicant provides evidence that the Lord Lyon has recognised a feudal barony, or the title is included in Burke's Peerage. If accepted (and if the applicant wishes to include the title), the correct form is for the applicant to include the territorial designation as part of their surname (Surname of territorial designation e.g. Smith of Inverglen). The Observation would then show the holder's full name, followed by their feudal title e.g. The holder is John Smith, Baron of Inverglen.

Scottish heraldry

A Scottish baron's helmet

The former Lord Lyon declined to award the following baronial additaments to the arms of those feudal barons registering arms now that the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 is in force. However, the current Lord Lyon has confirmed in a recent policy statement that he will officially recognise feudal barons or those possessing the dignity of baron who meet certain conditions and will grant them arms with a helmet befitting their degree. Scottish Barons rank below Lords of Parliament; while noble, they are not conventionally considered peerage titles. Unlike others, the titles can be hereditary or bought and sold.

In showing that Scottish barons are titles of nobility, reference may be made, amongst others, to Lyon Court in the Petition of Maclean of Ardgour for a Birthbrieve by Interlocutor dated 26 February 1943 which "Finds and Declares that the Minor Barons of Scotland are, and have both in this Nobiliary Court, and in the Court of Session, been recognised as 'titled' nobility, and that the estait of the Baronage (The Barones Minores) is of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland".

Sir Thomas Innes of Learney in his 'Scots Heraldry' (2nd Ed., p. 88, note 1) states that 'The Act 1672, cap 47, specially qualifies the degrees thus: Nobles (i.e. peers, the term being here used in a restricted seventeenth-century English sense), Barons (i.e. Lairds of baronial fiefs and their "heirs", who, even if fiefless, are equivalent to heads of Continental baronial houses) and Gentlemen (apparently all other armigers).' Baronets and knights are evidently classed as 'Gentlemen' here and are of a lower degree than Barons. The Scottish Head of Baronial Houses, includes all the various styles and titles which designate the territorial nobility i.e. baron of X.

Barons may also wear two eagle feathers when in traditional dress. If the baron is a member of a clan, it is advisable to consult the clan chief on clan customs and traditions. The Lord Lyon only gives guidance and not governance on the wearing of feathers and recommends consulting with a clan chief.

Chapeau

An azure chapeau

Previously, between the 1930s and 2004, when new arms were granted or a matriculation of existing arms took note of a barony, the owner was given a chapeau or cap of maintenance as part of his armorial achievement on petitioning for the same. This chapeau is described as "gules doubled ermine" for barons in possession of the caput of the barony. An azure chapeau is appropriate for the heirs of ancient baronial families who are no longer owners of the estates. This chapeau was a relatively recent armorial invention of the late Lord Lyon Thomas Innes of Learney. Accordingly, a number of ancient arms of feudal barons do not display the chapeau, and now it is no longer granted.

At the Treaty of Perth in 1266, Norway relinquished its claim to the Hebrides and Man, and they became part of Scotland. In 1292, Argyll was created a shire and "The Barons of all Argyll and the Foreigners' Isles", which had preceded the kingdom of Scotland, became eligible to attend the "Scots" Parliament – appearing in the record of the parliament at St. Andrews in 1309. Historically they have a chapeau, "gules doubled ermines", ermines being white tails on black.

There is a unique exception: the Barony of the Bachuil is not of feudal origin like other baronies but is allodial in that it predates (562 A.D.) Scotland itself and the feudal system, dating from the Gaelic Kingdom of Dál Riata. In recognition as allodial Barons par la grâce de Dieu not barons by a feudal crown grant, the Baron of the Bachuil has the only chapeau allowed to have a vair (squirrel fur) lining.

A chapeau, if part of an armorial achievement, is placed into the space directly above the shield and below the helmet. It may otherwise be used on a visiting card, the flap of an envelope, or to ensign the circlet of a crest badge as used on a bonnet.

Feudo-baronial mantle

The historical Scottish baron's mantle and chapeau from the 1930s to 2004, which are no longer granted

Particularly Scottish in character is the feudo-baronial mantle or robe of estate - described as gules doubled silk argent, fur-edged of miniver and collared in ermine, fastened on the right shoulder by five spherical buttons Or. This may be displayed in a pavilioned form, draped behind the complete achievement of arms - or the armorial shield alone - tied open with cords and tassels, and surmounted by the chapeau. Again, Lord Lyon is no longer granting these heraldic mantles.

Helmet

The helmet is now the chief mode of recognition of a Scottish baron. The Lord Lyon has adopted a steel helm with grille of three grilles, garnished in gold, as the current baronial additament. Alternatively, a feudal steel tilting helm garnished in gold, that may be shown affronté, may appear, or a helmet of some other degree if the baron holds a higher rank, such as a lordship of parliament.

Supporters

Supporters, are now usually reserved for the holders of the older baronies (chartered before 1587) and those that have been in continuous family ownership. In England, supporters are reserved for the peerage, and a Scottish baron who approaches the English College of Arms is not allowed supporters. A compartment has occasionally been granted to barons, representing their territories, even in cases where there are no supporters.

Badge

A badge – distinct from the crest – as a separate armorial device, is not necessarily a feature of the arms. The badge may be used by the "tail" or following of a landowner baron. The grant is linked to the baron's standard, a heraldic flag, in the livery colours that carries a large representation of the badge. The standard is blazoned in the grant or matriculation. The livery colours are usually the two most prominent colours of the arms themselves.

Flags

A Standard – an elongated shape, tapering from 1.2 m down to 60 cm, with the fly edge split and rounded (lanceolate). The length is according to rank, from 7.5 m for the Sovereign down to 3.5 m for a Knight, Baron or Chief. It bears the Arms as on the shield or the saltire in the hoist, with the tail parted per fess with the Crest, Badge and/or Supporter, plus the motto on one or more Ribands. The Standard is set before the Baron/Chief's tent (as it's a "Headquarters" flag and does not indicate that the Armiger is in residence) rather than carried like the banner. A Standard requires a separate grant by the Lord Lyon and is only made under certain conditions.

A Guidon – one-third shorter than a Standard and tapering to a round, unsplit end at the fly. These are assigned by Lord Lyon to individuals who have Supporters to their Arms, and to others who have a following – those in a position of leadership or some official position.

A Pennon – a smaller, elongated flag 4 ft long with a pointed, rounded or swallow-tailed end, designed to be displayed on a lance, assigned by Lord Lyon to an Armiger who applies for one. It is charged with the motto of the armiger as well as the arms as on the shield.

A Banner – a square or rectangular upright representation of the Arms designed for carrying in warfare or tournaments, but now flown as a "house flag" when the Armiger is in residence and is NOT the flag of the Clan or Family. Originally, conspicuous gallantry in battle was marked by cutting off the tail of the Standard or Pennon, turning it into a Banner. Strictly speaking, the sizes and shapes are:

Square banner – Sovereign, 1.5 m square; Dukes; 1.25 m sq; Earls, 1.1 m sq; Viscounts and Barons, 1 m sq; Baronets and feudal barons, 0.9 m sq; other Armigers, 70 cm wide x 85 cm high

Rectangular banner – typically in the ratio 3:2, or 5:4 when flown as the "house flag" of an Armiger.

Carrying flag – this should be sized as follows (width x height): Peers, 1.2 m x 1.5 m; Feudal Barons, 90 cm x 115 cm; Chiefs, 85 cm x 110 cm; Chieftains, 80 cm x 90 cm.

A Ensign may be occasionally granted and blazoned. This is a square flag, smaller than the flying banner, and carrying the full embroidered achievement (arms, crest, motto), again fringed in livery colours.

A Pipe banner – rather similar to a Banner, but of a size to fit on the longest drone of the pipes (usually 45 cm) and richly decorated with gold fringing, tassles and the like. The pipe banner for a Chief who is also a Peer or a Feudal Baron should have a rounded end extending beyond the length, and any other Chief a split rounded end. A feudal baron is authorised two pipers.

List of feudal baronies (created before 1707)

Below is a list of some Scottish feudal baronies created before 1707; this list does not include Scottish feudal baronies created between that year and 1838 (BGH), when the most recent creation of a Scottish feudal barony occurred. It is generally accepted that there were around 350 baronies in Scotland before 1707.

When updating this list, please create for each new entry a separate, wikified article titled "Scottish feudal barony of X", which records a brief biography of the previous incumbent and is wikilinked to this list. Please do not simply delete the name of the previous incumbent. Individual articles should be produced for the history of each barony, except that where few or no verifiable and detailed sources exist, histories should start with the current or previous holder and may take the form of sections within existing articles on the caput's village, town, or castle.

	Barony		County	Created	Baron	Succeeded
	Abbotshall		Fife		Harold Peerenboom
	Abergeldie		Aberdeenshire		John Gordon	1963
	Abernethy		Perthshire		Mahfouz Marei Mubarak bin Mahfouz	2008
	Aboyne		Aberdeenshire	1660	Granville, 13th Marquess of Huntly
	Aden		Aberdeenshire	1333	Alexander Russell of Aden	2015
	Aiket		Ayrshire
	Alford
	Alforshire				Charles A. Cogdill
	Anstruther & Balcaskie				Sir Ralph Anstruther
	Arbroath		Angus		Alan Bartlett of Arbroath
	Ardblair & Gask		Perthshire		Laurence Oliphant	1979
	Ardgour		Argyllshire		Giancarlo Bonifazi	1998
	Ardgowan		Renfrewshire		Professor Stephen Kerr
	Ardrossan		Ayrshire	1357	Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton	2018
	Ardgrain		Aberdeenshire		Pepijn Oscar Hendriks	2013
	Ardoch		Dumbarton		Professor Thomas Mackay	1987
	Arndilly		Morayshire		David Menzies of Arndilly
	Arnisdale		Ross and Cromarty		William Paterson of Arnisdale
	Arnot		Fife	16th century	Willem C. G. Blanken
	Arran		Ayrshire		Willi Ernst Sturzenegger	1995
	Auchendarroch		Argyllshire		Keir Campbell of Auchendarroch
	Auchindoir		Aberdeenshire		Alisdair Barlas of Auchindoir
	Auchinleck		Ayrshire		Valentine Bennett of Auchinleck
	Auchmacoy		Aberdeenshire		David Buchan of Auchmacoy
	Auchtermunzie		Fife	1437	Fernando Gutierrez-Eddy of Auchtermunzie	2002
	Auchterutherstruther		Fife		Abigail Busch Reisinger	2004
	Auchreoch		Perthshire		Martin Cruikshank	1976
	Ayton		Berwickshire		Ian Liddell-Grainger	2007
	Badenscoth		Aberdeen	1823	Kevin Peng Xu	2019
	Balcaskie		Fife		Major Timothy Strange
	Baldoon		Wigtownshire		Christopher Busch Reisinger
	Balfluig		Aberdeenshire		Mark Tennant of Balfluig
	Ballencrieff		East Lothian		Moray James Nairn	2011
	Ballencrieff		West Lothian		Junaid Abbas Bhatti
	Ballindalloch		Banffshire		Clare Russell, Lady of Ballindalloch
	Ballumbie		Angus		Robert Williamson of Ballumbie	1997
	Balmore (also known as Dalmore)		Dunbartonshire	1478	Leo Adriano Silighini	2015
	Balquhain		Aberdeenshire		Nelson Lee Len Ying	1995
	Balvaird		Perthshire	1624	Brady Brim-DeForest	2017
	Balvenie		Banffshire		Jeremy Nicholson of Balvenie	2009
	Banchory		Kincardineshire		Kenneth Lumsden of Banchory
	Bannockburn		Stirlingshire	Early 14th century	Hope Vere Anderson of Bannockburn	2016
	Barnbarroch				James Vans of Barnbarroch
	Barnis Forbes		Aberdeenshire		Daphne Romy, Lady of Barnis Forbes
	Barnton		Edinburgh		Professor Markus Frank	2016
	Barra		Invernessshire		Roderick MacNeil of Barra	2010
	Bathgate
	Bearcrofts		Stirling	1697	Charles A. Cree	2011
	Beauly
	Belton		East Lothian	Before 1468	Ian Graham Rennie	2002
	Bedrule		Berwickshire		Wallace Turnbull of Bedrule	2015
	Biggar		Lanarkshire		Charles Ross of Biggar
	Benholm		Kincardine		Roderick Strachan of Benholm
	Blackburn				Professor Ranjit Chandra
	Blackford		Perthshire		Richard Welkowitz	1999
	Blackhall		Renfrewshire	1395	Robert Gillespie OBE	2002
	Blair				Alfred Glenn of Blair	1997
	Blairbuis				Timothy Busch Reisinger
	Bognie, Mountblairy & Frendraught		Banffshire		Alexander Morison of Bognie
	Bombie		Kirkcudbrightshire		Professor Barrie Pettman
	Botile (Buittle)		Kirkcudbrightshire	1315
	Braemar		Royal Deeside	10th Century	John Sullivan of Braemar	2004
	Brigton		Angus	1761	Marion Douglas, Lady of Brigton	1938
	Buchan Forest		Kirkcudbrightshire		Timothy Busch Reisinger
	Buncle and Preston		Berwickshire		Olivier Fuchs
	Buquhollie & Freswick		Caithness		Ivor John Spencer-Thomas of Buquhollie & Freswick
	Busbye		Wigtownshire	Early 16th century
	Byres		East Lothian	1366	Paul Kayley of Byres, Baron of Byres	2003
	Calder		West Lothian	14th century	James, 15th Lord Torphichen	1975
	Cambusnethan		Lanarkshire	1315	Terence Alvis of Lee	1988
	Carmichael		Lanarkshire		Richard Carmichael
	Carnoustie		Angus		James Langan of Carnoustie
	Carnysmul Carnysmule Carnymul Carnesmole Carnysmolle (Kirkinner)		Wigtownshire	1372
	Carstairs		Lanarkshire		Christopher Busch Reisinger
	Cartsburn		Renfrewshire	1669	Dr. Pier Felice degli Uberti	2010
	Castlehill		Inverness	1411	Simon Frasier, Lord Lovat	2018
	Castle Stewart
	Cavers, Scotland		Roxburgh	16th Century	Prof. Andre Douglas Nathaniel-Rock	2004
	Chirnside		Berwickshire
	Clackmannan		Clackmannanshire	1334
	Clary				Hope Reisinger Cobera
	Cleghorn		Lanarkshire		Andrew Macmillan of Cleghorn
	Clerkington		Haddington	1369-1406
	Closeburn		Dumfriesshire		Luis Kirkpatrick
	Clugstoun Clugistoun		Wigtownshire	Before 1471
	Cluny		Aberdeenshire		Cosmo Linzee Gordon of Cluny	2010
	Cluny		Fife		Stuart Crane of Cluny	1997
	Cockburn		Berwickshire		Olivier Fuchs	2008
	Cockenzie				Robert Garrison of Cockenzie
	Coigach		Wester Ross	1511	Christopher Devonshire-Ellis	2011
	Coldingham		Berwickshire		Dr Peter Leando	2012
	Coldingknows (see Cowdenknowes)		Roxburgh	1634	Mark Harden of Coldingknows
	Coll-Earn & Elphinstone		Stirlingshire		Bailey McCune	1988
	Colstoun		East Lothian		Ludovic Broun-Lindsay
	Corrachree		Aberdeenshire		Alexander Barlas of Corrachree
	Corsewall				Timothy Busch Reisinger
	Cowdenknowes [1]		Roxburgh	1634	Mark Harden of Cowdenknowes	2002
	Cowie		Aberdeenshire
	Cowie		Stirlingshire	12th Century	Professor Alan Dennis	2020
	Coxton		Morayshire	1686	Sir David Innes
	Craichlaw Crachlew Crauchlew Crachlow Craichlew Craichlo		Wigtownshire	Before 1459
	Craighall		Fife		Roger Alexander Lindsay
	Craigie		Angus (Forfar)	1666	Rabbi Robert Thomas	2011
	Craigievar		Aberdeenshire		Sir John Alexander Forbes
	Craigmillar		Edinburgh	1511	Captain Brian Lawrence Williamson
	Crawford		Fife
	Crichton		Midlothian		Henry Burn-Callander
	Crimond		Aberdeenshire		Raymond Carnegie of Crimond
	Cromar		Aberdeenshire
	Cromarty		Cromartyshire		John Nightingale of Cromarty
	Crommey		Banffshire		Michael Innes	1978
	Cruggleton Crigitoun		Wigtownshire	Before 1325
	Culbin		Morayshire		William Busch Reisinger
	Cumbernauld		Lanarkshire	1314
	Cushnie		Aberdeenshire		Alan Robertson of Cushnie	2004
	Dairsie		Fife		Christopher Ruffle of Dairsie
	Danira and Comrie
	Delvine		Perthshire	15th century	Dr Lars J C Lindberg	2008
	Denboig		Fife	1657	Kenneth MacLean of Denboig
	Denny		Stirlingshire	16th century	Alessandro Pompili	2011
	Dinnet		Aberdeenshire		J. M. Marcus Humphrey
	Dirleton		East Lothian	1220	Camilo Agasim-Pereira	2000
	Dolphinstoun		East Lothian	Before 1700	Dr Julian Wills	2000
	Drum		Kincardineshire	1323	Alexander Irvine of Drum	2019
	Drylaw		Edinburgh
	Duart & Morvern		Argyll	1631	Sir Lachlan MacLean	1990
	Dudhope		Angus	1542
	Dunconnel		Argyll	1400	Sir Charles MacLean
	Duncrub		Perthshire		Douglas Smith of Duncrub
	Dunure		Ayrshire		Brendan Clouston of Dunure	1997
	Earlshall		Fife		Lt Col Paul Veenhuijzen
	Echlin		Edinburgh		Rainer Kensy	2002
	Edingight		Banffshire		John Innes of Edingight
	Elie & St Monans		Fife
	Esslemont		Aberdeenshire		Charles Wolrige-Gordon	1976
	Eyemouth		Berwickshire		John Churchill of Eyemouth	1682
	Fairholm & Kirkton		Lanarkshire		James Stevenson-Hamilton
	Fetternear		Aberdeenshire		Martin Thacker of Fetternear	2001
	Fingalton		Renfrewshire	1663	James Hawley of Fingalton	2017
	Finlaystone Maxwell		Renfrewshire		Nicholas Frederic Papanicolaou
	Finzean		Kincardineshire		Donald Farquharson of Finzean
	Fordell		Fife	1511
	Freuch		Wigtownshire	1559
	Fulwood		Renfrewshire	1314	Camilo Agasim-Pereira	1999
	Gala		Selkirkshire		John Scott of Gala
	Garioch		Aberdeenshire	12th century	George David Menking	2012
	Garlies		Kirkcudbrightshire	1263	Timothy Busch Reisinger
	Garrallan		Ayrshire		John Boswell of Garrallan
	Garthland		Wigtownshire	Before 1637
	Gartly		Aberdeenshire		David James of Gartley
	Gartmore		Stirling		William Graham of Gartmore	1996
	Giffen		Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
	Glasserton		Wigtownshire	1542
	Glencammon				Timothy Busch Reisinger
	Glencoe		Argyll		Forde
	Glendowachy (Glenquithle)		Aberdeenshire
	Glenfalloch		Perthshire		Richard Andrew Leslie
	Glengarnock		Ayrshire		Robert MacGregor of Glengarnock
	Glenluce		Wigtownshire	Before 1628
	Gogar		Midlothian		Godfrey Devlin of Gogar
	Gourdie		Perthshire		George Cox of Gourdie
	Gourock		Renfrewshire		Claire Darroch-Thompson, Lady of Gourock	2011
	Gordon Easter or Gordoun		Berwickshire	1150	Morange Michel
	Grandhome		Aberdeenshire		David Paton of Grandholme
	Grantully		Perthshire		Henry Fothringham
	Greenan		Ayrshire		Hope Reisinger Cobera
	Greenock		Renfrewshire		Harry Sandberg of Greenock
	Greenock and Blackhall		Renfrewshire		Sir Ludovic Houston Shaw Stewart, 12th Baronet [NB not Baron of G and B]
	Grougar		Ayrshire	1321	David McLean of Grougar
	Hailes		East Lothian	1343	S.A. Malin of Hailes	2008
	Haliburton and Lambden		Berwickshire		Col (Rt'd) Lance Miller	2016
	Hallrule		Roxburghshire		Olivier Fuchs
	Hallyards		Edinburgh
	Halydean		Roxburghshire	1128	Taylor Moffitt of Halydean
	Holmains		Dumfriesshire	1542
	Horsbrugh		Peeblesshire		Michael Chenery of Horsbrugh	1995
	Houston		Renfrewshire	Before 1296	Johnny Sei Hoe Hon	2016
	Inchdrewer		Banffshire		Olga Roh	2014
	Inche		Wigtownshire	Before 1528
	Innermessan or Invermessan		Wigtownshire	Before 1566
	Innerwick		East Lothian		Victor Cowley of Innerwick
	Inneryne		Argyllshire		Ronald Busch Reisinger	1998
	Innes		Morayshire		James Mitchell of Innes	2004
	Jedburgh Forest		Roxburghshire	1602	Richard Miller of Jedburgh Forest	2010
	Kelly		Aberdeenshire		Bruce Kneller, Baron of Kelly	2004
	Kemnay		Aberdeenshire		Susan Burnett, Lady of Kemnay	1978
	Kersland
	Kilbernie
	Kilcoy		Ross-shire	16th Century	Mark David Menking	2012
	Kilpatrick		Dunbartonshire	1643	??? Baron of Kilpatrick
	Kilmarnock		Ayrshire	1316
	Kilmichael		Argyll	1541	Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmichael
	Kilmun		Argyll		Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmun
	Kilpunt
	Kilmaurs
	Kincaid				Heather Kincaid, Lady of Kincaid
	Kincraig		Fife		James Gourlay of Kincraig
	Kinedar (King Edward)		Aberdeenshire
	Kinghilt Kinhilt Kenhilt Kilhilt		Wigtownshire	Before 1632
	Kinnairdy		Banffshire		Colin Innes of Kinnairdy	1990
	Kinnear				Michael Pilette of Kinnear
	Kippenross		Stirlingshire		Susan Stirling-Aird, Lady of Kippenross
	Kirkbuddo		Angus	1463	Jean-Yves de Sainte-Croix de La Sabliere	2011
	Kirkdale		Wigtownshire		Ramsey Hannay of Kirkdale
	Kirkintilloch		East Dunbartonshire			1184
	Kirkliston		West Lothian	1618	Andor László Oleg Vilmos v. Jaross	2002
	Kirriemuir		Angus	1390	Gerhard Anderson	2014
	Kirknewton		Midlothian		Diana Hargreaves, Lady of Kirknewton	1992
	Krawfort		Lanarkshire	1576
	Lag		Dumfriesshire	1685	Margaret Hamilton, Lady of Lag	2004
	Lambden (also known as Hassington)		Berwickshire		Col (Rt'd) Lance Miller	2016
	Lamberton, Berwick		Berwickshire	Before 1236
	Largo		Fife		Timothy Wood of Largo	2011
	Lathallan		Fife		Jean Spens of Lathallan	1995
	Lee		Lanarkshire	1272	Addison McElroy Fischer	2004
	Lenzie		East Dunbartonshire	1170
	Lescure				Ross McPherson-Smith
	Leslie		Aberdeenshire		John Andrea	2019
	Leswalt (now Lochnaw)		Wigtownshire	Before 1426	Dr Gordon Prestoungrange	2004
	Lethendy		Perthshire		Charles Gairdner of Lethendy
	Lethington		East Lothian	Before 1166
	Leys		Aberdeenshire		James Burnett of Leys
	Liberton (or Over Liberton)		Midlothian		Olivier Fuchs	2009
	Lochfergus				Albert Gazeley of Lochfergus
	The Superiority of the Lands of Lochlands		Aberdeenshire
	Loch Mullion		Perthshire	Before 1700	William Anderson of Loch Mullion	2000
	Lochnaw (see Leswalt)		Wigtownshire	1699	Dr Gordon Prestoungrange	2004
	Lochrounell		Wigtownshire	Before 1630
	Logany		Kincardineshire	Before 1576	Hunter Prater	2000
	Loncastell		Wigtownshire	Before 1551
	Loudoun		Ayrshire
	Lundie		Angus	1489	Craig Ward	2017
	Marchmont		Berwickshire		Roland Eugen Staehli	1996
	MacDonald		Skye
	MacDougall		Arglye	1660	George Dougall of MacDougall	2006
	MacDuff		Fife	1039	Eric Cotton Dexter of MacDuff
	Martyn-Kennedy alias Frethrid		Wigtownshire	Before 1541
	Mearns		Renfrewshire	12th century	David Thorpe of Mearns	2002
	Melfort		Argyll		Hugh Campbell-Gibson	1360s
	Menie		Aberdeenshire	1317	Michael Woodley of Menie	1995
	Mertoun		Wigtownshire	1504
	Midmar		Aberdeenshire		Richard Wharton of Midmar
	Miltonhaven (formerly Lauriston)		Kincardineshire	1695	Dorothy Newlands of Lauriston	2017
	Mochrum		Wigtownshire	Before 1472
	Montgomeriestoun		Wigtownshire	Before 1636
	Mordington		Berwickshire	1124-53	Graham Senior-Milne	1998
	Mouswald		Dumfriesshire	1452
	Moy		Argyll		Lorne MacLaine of Moy
	Muirton		Morayshire	1532	Dr Richard Culbert	2019
	Mullion		Perthshire	1446	Faith Seale QC	2019
	Mureth		Wigtownshire	Before 1514
	Myrton		Wigtownshire	Before 1470	Professor Mark Watson-Gandy
	Newton		Stirlingshire	1685	Philip Pickering of Newton
	Ochtercoull
	Ormiston		East Lothian	1637	Brian Parsons of Ormiston	2003
	Peaston (or Paistoun)		East Lothian		Robert Jackson of Paistoun	2003
	Penicuik		Midlothian		Sir John Dutton Clerk
	Pentland		Midlothian	1316	Lt Cmdr Christopher Saint Victor de Pinho	2018
	Phantelane		Argyll	1436	Capt. David N. B. McCorquodale	2010
	Pitcaple		Aberdeenshire		Christopher Burges-Lumsden
	Pitcruivie		Fife		Douglas Wagland of Pitcruivie	1996
	Pitmilly		Fife		Peter Gybbon-Monypenny	1987
	Pittenweem		Fife	1592	Claes Zangenberg	2011
	Plean		Stirlingshire		George Way	1985
	Plenderleith		Roxburghshire	1306	Clifford Dewey Michael Paul Harmon II	2007
	Pluscarden
	Porterfield
	Portlethen		Kincardineshire		Maurice Taylor of Portlethen
	Portrie		Wigtownshire	Before 1636
	Preston and Prestonpans		East Lothian	1460	Robert McLean of Preston & Prestonpans
	Prestoungrange		East Lothian	1189	Mathew Wills of Prestongrange	2004
	Primside and House Site		Roxburghshire
	Quhithorne or Whithorn		Wigtownshire	Before 1569
	Rachane		Argyllshire		Michael Aquino
	Ramshead		Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
	Rannoch		Perthshire	1502
	Rattray		Perthshire		Philip Cumyn of Rattray
	Ravenstone		Wigtownshire		Frank Renwick of Ravenstone	1983
	Remistoun		Wigtownshire	Before 1540
	Renfrew		Renfrewshire	1398	The Duke of Rothesay	1952
	Restalrig		Edinburgh
	Robertland		Ayrshire	1539	Brian Parsons of Robertland	2005
	Rossie		Fife		John Elephant of Rossie
	Ruchlaw		East Lothian
	Rusco		Kirkcudbrightshire		Robert Carson of Rusco
	Saint Monance / Monans		Fife	1596	Dr Robert Parviz Pirooz of Saint Monance QC	2014
	Saulsait Saulset		Wigtownshire	Before 1629
	Seybeggis or Seabegs		Stirlingshire	15th century	Dr. George M. Burden	2014
	Seggieden		Perthshire		Trond U. Hegle
	Smeaton Hepburn		East Lothian		George Gray of Smeaton Hepburn
	Stane		Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
	Stobo		Peeblesshire	1140	The Much Hon. William Jolly
	Stonehaven		Aberdeenshire		Fraser Angus Oliver Mearns of Stonehaven
	Stoneywood		Aberdeenshire		Charles Mack of Stoneywood	2000
	Strathdee		Aberdeenshire	1563
	Strathlachlan		Argyll		Euan MacLachlan of Strathlachlan
	Strichen		Aberdeenshire	1515	Massimo Fraser of Strichen	2000
	Struan		Perthshire		Alexander Robertson	1983
	Swinton		Berwickshire	1098	James Swinton
	Teallach				Dennistoun Teall of Teallach
	Thainstone		Aberdeenshire	1488	David Valentine	2017
	Torboll		Highland	1360
	Tranent		East Lothian		Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton
	Traquair		Peeblesshire	1491	Catherine Maxwell-Stuart, 21st Lady of Traquair
	Trearne		Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
	Trent				Charles A. Cogdill	2002
	Troup		Banffshire
	Tulloch		Ross and Cromarty	1542	David Willien
	Twynehame		Kirkcudbrightshire		Delyse Sharpe of Twynehame	1992
	Urquhart		Inverness-shire	1230
	Urquhart		Morayshire	1587	Robert A. Cromartie	2004
	Wells		Roxburghshire		Bryce Lee West	2009
	Westside
	Wigtoun		Lanarkshire	1606
	Wormiston		Fife		Michael Spens	1970
	Yair		Selkirk	1806	Li Li	2019
	Yeochrie		Aberdeenshire		Richard Stuart of Yeochrie

See also

• Commissioner (Scottish Parliament)
• Laird
• List of extant baronetcies
• Feu
• Feudal earldom
• Scottish feudal lordship
• Lord of Parliament
• English feudal barony
• Irish feudal barony
• List of Marcher lordships (Welsh Marches)

External links

• Lord Lyon's Armorial Ruling
• Law Reform Commission of Ireland [2]
• Text of the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.
• Report on Abolition of the Feudal System
• The Register of Feudal Lords and Barons of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
• The Heraldry Society of Scotland [3]
• The Court of the Lord Lyon [4]
• College of Arms [5]
• Registry of Scots Nobility – Baronage [6]
• The Scottish Baronage Registry [7]
• Burke's Peerage [8]

Further reading

• Scottish Law Commission. "Report on Abolition of the Feudal System. Laid before Parliament by the Lord Advocate under section 3(2) of the Law Commissions Act 1965. Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed11 February 1999 (Scot Law Com No 168)". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
• Dickinson, Professor William Croft, The Court Book of the Barony of Carnwath 1523-1542, Introduction, published by Scottish History Society, 1937. "The standard scholarly work on the history of Scottish feudal baronies". In the opinion of the Lyon King of Arms
• Grant, Alexander, The Development of the Scottish Peerage, published in the Scottish Historical Review, 1978.