Jump to content

European Union statistics: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Line 148: Line 148:
|- align="right"
|- align="right"
| align="left"|{{MLT}}
| align="left"|{{MLT}}
| ''''''0.5''''''
| 0.5
| 0.1%
| 0.1%
| '''316'''
| '''316'''

Revision as of 15:24, 2 May 2021

Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat (European statistics body).

Area and population

EU and UK population cartogram

As of 1 January 2006, the population of the EU was about 493 million people, although in 2020 the EU lost over 10% of its population as a result of the UK leaving the bloc.[1] Many countries are expected to experience a decline in population over the coming decades,[2] though this could be offset with new countries planning to join the EU within the next 20 years. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 80.4 million people. France and Ireland have the highest birth-rates.[3] The most densely populated country is the island of Malta, which is also the smallest, while the largest in area is France. The least densely populated country is Finland.

Population figures in the table below are from 2006 or 2007 estimates. The highest and lowest figures in each column have been marked in bold.

Member State Population
in millions
Population
 % of EU
Area
km2
Area
% of EU
Pop. density
People/km2
 European Union 494.8 100% 4,422,773 100% 112
 Austria 8.3 1.7% 83,858 1.9% 99
 Belgium 10.5 2.1% 30,510 0.7% 344
 Bulgaria 7.7 1.6% 110,912 2.5% 70
 Croatia 4.3 0.9% 56,594 1.3% 75.8
 Cyprus 0.8 0.2% 9,250 0.2% 84
 Czech Republic 10.3 2.1% 78,866 1.8% 131
 Denmark 5.4 1.1% 43,094 1.0% 126
 Estonia 1.3 0.3% 45,226 1.0% 29
 Finland 5.3 1.1% 337,030 7.6% 16
 France[4] 65.03 13.% 643,548 14.6% 111
 Germany 80.4 16.6% 357,021 8.1% 225
 Greece 11.1 2.2% 131,940 3.0% 84
 Hungary 10.1 2.0% 93,030 2.1% 108
 Ireland 4.6 0.9% 70,280 1.6% 60
 Italy 58.8 11.9% 301,320 6.8% 195
 Latvia 2.3 0.5% 64,589 1.5% 35
 Lithuania 3.4 0.7% 65,200 1.5% 45
 Luxembourg 0.5 0.1% 2,586 0.1% 181
 Malta 0.5 0.1% 316 0.0007% 1,261
 Netherlands 17 3.3% 41,526 0.9% 394
 Poland 38.1 7.7% 312,685 7.1% 122
 Portugal 10.6 2.1% 92,931 2.1% 114
 Romania 21.6 4.4% 238,391 5.4% 91
 Spain 44.7 9.0% 504,782 11.4% 87
 Slovakia 5.4 1.1% 48,845 1.1% 111
 Slovenia 2.0 0.4% 20,253 0.5% 99
 Sweden 10 1.8% 449,964 10.2% 20

Economy

For statistics relating to economy, please see Economy of the European Union.

EU budget

The primary resource for funding the European Union is the contributions sought from member states. Each member state contributes to the EU budget, and receives funding back from the EU, depending on the relative wealth of the states, i.e. their ability to pay.

The table below shows the contributions as a percentage of the total budget. This takes into account the special considerations given to the United Kingdom to reduce its contribution through a rebate. Expenditure in Luxembourg, Belgium and France include items for the EU administrative centres in each of those countries.

Member State Total contribution
in Euro
Total contribution
as % of total EU budget
Total expenditure
year 2006 in Euro
Total expenditure
as % of total EU budget
Net contribution
in Euro
Net contribution
in Euro per capita
Total contribution
in Euro per capita
 European Union 105,259,468,772 100.00% 106,575,500,000 100.00% -1,316,031,228 -3 213
 Germany 22,218,438,941 21.11% 12,242,400,000 11.49% 9,976,038,941 124 276
 France 17,303,107,859 16.44% 13,496,200,000 12.66% 3,806,907,859 59 266
 Italy 14,359,479,157 13.64% 10,922,300,000 10.25% 3,437,179,157 58 244
 United Kingdom 13,739,900,046 13.05% 8,294,200,000 7.78% 5,445,700,046 90 226
 Spain 8,957,286,488 8.51% 12,883,000,000 12.09% -3,925,713,512 -88 200
 Netherlands 5,552,933,781 5.28% 2,190,400,000 2.06% 3,362,533,781 198 327
 Belgium 4,035,286,807 3.83% 5,625,100,000 5.28% -1,589,813,193 -151 384
 Sweden 2,832,862,800 2.69% 1,573,400,000 1.48% 1,259,462,800 126 283
 Austria 2,308,432,030 2.19% 1,830,100,000 1.72% 478,332,030 58 278
 Denmark 2,130,860,212 2.02% 1,501,900,000 1.41% 628,960,212 116 395
 Poland 2,099,087,114 1.99% 5,305,600,000 4.98% -3,206,512,886 -84 55
 Greece 1,882,611,879 1.79% 6,833,700,000 6.41% -4,951,088,121 -446 170
 Finland 1,544,832,284 1.47% 1,280,400,000 1.20% 264,432,284 50 291
 Portugal 1,443,049,602 1.37% 3,634,800,000 3.41% -2,191,750,398 -207 136
 Ireland 1,341,281,313 1.27% 2,461,800,000 2.31% -1,120,518,687 -244 292
 Hungary 1,003,119,411 0.95% 1,842,200,000 1.73% -839,080,589 -83 99
 Czech Republic 932,392,859 0.89% 1,330,000,000 1.25% -397,607,141 -39 91
 Slovakia 393,148,777 0.37% 696,200,000 0.65% -303,051,223 -56 73
 Slovenia 299,993,572 0.29% 406,000,000 0.38% -106,006,428 -53 150
 Luxembourg 241,439,011 0.23% 1,194,800,000 1.12% -953,360,989 -1,907 483
 Lithuania 221,997,405 0.21% 799,800,000 0.75% -577,802,595 -170 65
 Cyprus 144,556,416 0.14% 239,600,000 0.22% -95,043,584 -119 181
 Latvia 115,205,431 0.11% 402,600,000 0.24% -287,394,569 -125 50
 Estonia 100,756,308 0.10% 300,000,000 0.28% -199,243,692 -142 72
 Malta 57,409,269 0.05% 157,000,000 0.14% -99,590,731 -249 144
 Bulgaria 360,600,000 0.34% -360,600,000 -47
 Romania 693,100,000 0.65% -693,100,000 -32

There are many indices available on issues such as corruption, development, and freedom. The rankings below include all EU member states, EU candidates (with the exception of Turkey, cause their accession negotiations have stalled since 2016) and EFTA countries.

Freedom of the press

EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
1  Norway 1
2  Finland 2
3  Denmark 3
4  Sweden 5
5  Netherlands 6
6  Switzerland 8
7  Portugal 10
8  Germany 11
9  Belgium 12
10  Ireland 13
11  Estonia 14
12  Iceland 15
13  Luxembourg 17
14  Austria 18
15  Latvia 22
16  Cyprus 27
17  Lithuania 28
EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
18  Spain 29
19  Slovenia 32
20  Slovakia 33
21  France 34
22  Czech Republic 40
23  Italy 41
24  Romania 48
25  Croatia 59
26  Poland 62
27  Greece 65
28  Malta 81
29  Albania 85
30  Hungary 89
31  North Macedonia 92
32  Serbia 93
33  Montenegro 105
34  Bulgaria 111

Reporters sans frontières (Reporters Without Borders) conducts an annual survey on the freedom of the press and produces scores (not shown here) for each country, resulting in the Press Freedom Index. In 2019 and 2020, Finland was proclaimed as having the freest press in the European Union, and the second in the world behind Norway. Bulgaria was ranked as having the least free press in the European Union in 2019 and 2020.[5]

Colour Codes
Good Situation
Satisfactory Situation
Noticeable problems
Difficult situation

Economic freedom

EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
1  Switzerland 5
2  Ireland 6
3  Denmark 8
4  Estonia 10
5  Iceland 13
6  Netherlands 14
7  Lithuania 16
8  Luxembourg 19
9  Finland 20
10  Sweden 22
11  Czech Republic 23
12  Germany 27
13  Norway 28
14  Austria 29
15  Latvia 32
16  Bulgaria 36
17  Cyprus 37
EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
18  Romania 38
19  North Macedonia 41
20  Malta 42
21  Poland 46
22  Belgium 48
23  Slovenia 52
24  Portugal 56
25  Albania 57
26  Spain 58
27  Slovakia 60
28  Hungary 62
29  France 64
30  Serbia 65
31  Italy 74
32  Croatia 84
33  Montenegro 91
34  Greece 100

An index of Economic Freedom is produced by the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation. It uses 50 different variables to compile the survey, in areas such as trade policy and government intervention.

A similar index produced by the World Economic Forum is its Global Competitiveness Index.

Source: 2020 Index of Economic Freedom.

Colour Codes
Free
Mostly Free
Moderately Free
Moderately Unfree

Perception of corruption

Global
Rank
Country Score
1  Denmark 88
3  Finland 85
3  Switzerland 85
3  Sweden 84
7  Norway 84
8  Netherlands 82
9  Luxembourg 80
9  Germany 80
11  United Kingdom 77
15  Austria 76
15  Belgium 76
17  Estonia 75
17  Iceland 75
20  Ireland 72
23  France 68
32  Spain 62
33  Portugal 61
35  Lithuania 60
35  Slovenia 60
42  Cyprus 57
42  Latvia 57
45  Poland 56
Global
Rank
Country Score
45  Georgia 56
49  Czech Republic 54
52  Malta 53
52  Italy 53
59  Greece 50
60  Slovakia 49
60  Armenia 49
63  Croatia 47
63  Belarus 47
67  Montenegro 45
69  Bulgaria 44
69  Hungary 44
69  Romania 44
86  Turkey 40
94  Serbia 38
104  Albania 36
111  Bosnia and Herzegovina 35
111  North Macedonia 35
115  Moldova 35
117  Ukraine 33
129  Azerbaijan 30
129  Russia 30

Transparency International is an international NGO publishing an annual Global Corruption Report indicating the perception of corruption around the world. The rankings of the table refer to the Corruption Perceptions Index 2019 [1]. A high ranking means low corruption.

Human development

Rank Country Global
Rank
1  Norway 1
2  Ireland 2
3  Switzerland 2
4  Iceland 4
5  Germany 6
6  Sweden 7
7  Netherlands 8
8  Denmark 10
9  Finland 11
10  United Kingdom 13
11  Belgium 14
12  Austria 18
13  Slovenia 22
14  Luxembourg 23
15  Spain 25
16  France 26
17  Czech Republic 27
18  Malta 28
19  Estonia 29
20  Italy 29
21  Greece 32
22  Cyprus 33
Rank Country Global
Rank
23  Lithuania 34
24  Poland 35
25  Latvia 37
26  Portugal 38
27  Slovakia 39
28  Hungary 40
29  Croatia 43
30  Montenegro 48
31  Romania 49
32  Russia 52
33  Belarus 53
34  Turkey 54
35  Bulgaria 56
36  Georgia 61
37  Serbia 64
38  Albania 69
39  Bosnia and Herzegovina 73
40  Ukraine 74
41  Armenia 81
42  North Macedonia 82
43  Azerbaijan 88
44  Moldova 90
Colour Codes
Very High Human Development
High Human Development

The Human Development Index is a measure produced by the United Nations which covers three aspects of human development:

The rankings of the table refer to the UNDP Human Development Report 2019 (2018 data). The UN lists all EU member states as countries with very high human development.

Ease of doing business

EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
1  Denmark 4
2  Norway 9
3  Sweden 10
4  Lithuania 11
5  North Macedonia 17
6  Estonia 18
7  Latvia 19
8  Finland 20
9  Germany 22
10  Ireland 24
11  Iceland 26
12  Austria 27
13  Spain 30
14  France 32
15  Switzerland 36
16  Slovenia 37
17  Portugal 39
EU
Rank
Member State Global
Rank
18  Poland 40
19  Czech Republic 41
20  Netherlands 42
21  Serbia 44
22  Slovakia 45
23  Belgium 46
24  Montenegro 50
25  Croatia 51
26  Hungary 52
27  Cyprus 54
28  Romania 55
29  Italy 58
30  Bulgaria 61
31  Luxembourg 72
32  Greece 79
33  Albania 82
34  Malta 88

The Ease of Doing Business Index is created by the World Bank and based on the study of laws and regulations, with the input and verification by more than 3,500 government officials, lawyers, business consultants, accountants and other professionals who routinely advise on or administer legal and regulatory requirements.

The data in the table are from the 2020 report.[6]

Colour Codes
Very Easy
Easy

Income equality

Rank Country Tot Cases/
1M Pop
1  Montenegro 60.892
2  Luxembourg 60.628
3  Czech Republic 50.919
4  Belgium 50.807
5  Slovenia 41.271
6  Switzerland 39.680
7  Croatia 36.723
8  Spain 36.336
9  France 34.919
10  Austria 33.608
11  Netherlands 32.489
12  North Macedonia 32.309
13  Portugal 31.665
14  Bosnia and Herzegovina 28.884
15  Moldova 28.875
16  Italy 28.300
17  Poland 28.112
18  Lithuania 27.590
19  Sweden 27.543
20  Romania 26.774
Rank Country Tot Cases/
1M Pop
21  Hungary 25.936
22  United Kingdom 25.327
23  Serbia 25.183
24  Malta 23.798
25  Bulgaria 23.224
26  Slovakia 21.376
27  Ukraine 18.645
28  Russia 16.859
29  Iceland 16.020
30  Denmark 15.619
31  Belarus 15.576
32  Albania 14.945
33  Ireland 14.905
34  Germany 14.008
35  Latvia 11.354
36  Estonia 11.288
37  Greece 11.102
38  Cyprus 10.057
39  Norway 7.023
40  Finland 4.984
Colour Codes
0-15.000
15.001 - 25.000
25.001 - 35.000
35.001 and more


Income inequality, measured by the gini coefficient is how evenly incomes are distributed through the population. Denmark has the least income inequality with a gini coefficient score of 24.4, whilst Portugal has the most income inequality with a score of 38.5. Malta, Luxembourg, and Cyprus have no statistics available, and so are not included in this table. These statistics have been compiled by the United Nations (see [2])

See also

References

  1. ^ "Total Population as of 01.01.06 Archived 6 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine", EUROSTAT. Retrieved 12 November 2006.
  2. ^ "The EU's baby blues", BBC News, 27 March 2006. Retrieved 10 July 2006.
  3. ^ "France claims EU fertility crown ", BBC News, 16 January 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2007.
  4. ^ Figures for France include the four overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion) which are integral parts of the European Union, but do not include the overseas collectivities and territories, which are not part of the European Union. Figures for Metropolitan France proper are: population 63.6 million, area 551 695 km², and population density 113/km².
  5. ^ World Press Freedom Index 2019 and World Press Freedom Index 2020, Reporters Without Borders
  6. ^ http://www.doingbusiness.org/rankings/