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== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Edward was born in [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]] to Jane Mary née Akers (d. 1863) and John Philip Green who owned coffee and tea plantations in Ceylon. His paternal grandfather Philip James Green was Consul-General for Ceylon. An uncle, Staniforth Green was a partner of the German planter and entomologist [[John Nietner]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis, J. Penry|year=1913| publisher=H.C. Cottle|place=Colombo|title=List of inscriptions on tombstones and monuments in Ceylon, of historical or local interest, with an obituary of persons uncommemorated|page=138 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924007648516/page/n155}}</ref> and had hosted [[Ernst Haeckel]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Haeckel, Ernst|url=https://archive.org/details/visittoceylon00haecuoft/page/106/mode/1up|title=A visit to Ceylon (translated by Clara Bell)|publisher=Peter Eckler|year=1911|place=New York|page=106}}</ref> and corresponded with entomologists like [[John O. Westwood|J.O. Westwood]].<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Transactions of the Entomological Society of London|title=Notes on the life-history of various species of the Neuropterous genus Ascalaphus| author=Westwood, J.O.|year=1888 |pages=1-12|url=https://archive.org/details/transactionsofen1888roya/page/n32}}</ref><ref name=rohan>{{cite book|pages=196–197 |title=Pearls, Spices, and Green Gold: An Illustrated History of Biodiversity Exploration in Sri Lanka| author=Pethiyagoda, Rohan|publisher=WHT Publications|year= 2007}}</ref> After schooling at [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]], Edward returned to the family plantations at [[Pundaluoya]] in 1880 and became familiar with the ravages of ''[[Hemileia vastatrix]]'' and ''[[Coccus viridis]]'' which were to cause the end of coffee cultivation in Ceylon. He met [[Harry Marshall Ward]] who was in Ceylon to study the coffee rust<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00arno/page/136|title=Twentieth Century impressions of Ceylon|publisher=Lloyd's Greater Britain Publishing Compay, Ltd.|year=1907|editor=Wright, Arnold|page=136}}</ref> and conducted his own studies on ''[[Coccus viridis]]'' which he published in 1886 and wrote another influential paper on the ''Insect Pests of Tea'' in 1890. Around the same time, he went to study under [[Thomas Henry Huxley|T.H. Huxley]] at the Royal College of Science in Kensington.<ref>{{cite book|author=Wright, Arnold|url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00arno/page/136/mode/1up|year=1907|page=136|title=Twentieth Century Impressions Of Ceylon}}</ref> Returning to Ceylon he was later invited by the Planters' Association to visit estates and provide advise. This led to travel around Ceylon and Southern India, although this was entirely voluntary and this led to him being appointed "honorary entomologist" of Ceylon in 1897. In 1899 he was made a Government Entomologist with his office in the [[Royal Botanical Gardens, Peradeniya]]. He retired and moved to England in 1913. He moved to Camberley where he lived in Way's End and continued his research on scale insects of which he had made a large collection.<ref name=":0" />
Edward was born in [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]] to Jane Mary née Akers (d. 1863) and John Philip Green who owned coffee and tea plantations in Ceylon. His paternal grandfather Philip James Green was Consul-General for Ceylon. An uncle, Staniforth Green was a partner of the German planter and entomologist [[John Nietner]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis, J. Penry|year=1913| publisher=H.C. Cottle|place=Colombo|title=List of inscriptions on tombstones and monuments in Ceylon, of historical or local interest, with an obituary of persons uncommemorated|page=138 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924007648516/page/n155}}</ref> and had hosted [[Ernst Haeckel]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Haeckel, Ernst|url=https://archive.org/details/visittoceylon00haecuoft/page/106/mode/1up|title=A visit to Ceylon (translated by Clara Bell)|publisher=Peter Eckler|year=1911|place=New York|page=106}}</ref> and corresponded with entomologists like [[John O. Westwood|J.O. Westwood]].<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Transactions of the Entomological Society of London|title=Notes on the life-history of various species of the Neuropterous genus Ascalaphus| author=Westwood, J.O.|year=1888 |pages=1–12|url=https://archive.org/details/transactionsofen1888roya/page/n32}}</ref><ref name=rohan>{{cite book|pages=196–197 |title=Pearls, Spices, and Green Gold: An Illustrated History of Biodiversity Exploration in Sri Lanka| author=Pethiyagoda, Rohan|publisher=WHT Publications|year= 2007}}</ref> After schooling at [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]], Edward returned to the family plantations at [[Pundaluoya]] in 1880 and became familiar with the ravages of ''[[Hemileia vastatrix]]'' and ''[[Coccus viridis]]'' which were to cause the end of coffee cultivation in Ceylon. He met [[Harry Marshall Ward]] who was in Ceylon to study the coffee rust<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00arno/page/136|title=Twentieth Century impressions of Ceylon|publisher=Lloyd's Greater Britain Publishing Compay, Ltd.|year=1907|editor=Wright, Arnold|page=136}}</ref> and conducted his own studies on ''[[Coccus viridis]]'' which he published in 1886 and wrote another influential paper on the ''Insect Pests of Tea'' in 1890. Around the same time, he went to study under [[Thomas Henry Huxley|T.H. Huxley]] at the Royal College of Science in Kensington.<ref>{{cite book|author=Wright, Arnold|url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00arno/page/136/mode/1up|year=1907|page=136|title=Twentieth Century Impressions Of Ceylon}}</ref> Returning to Ceylon he was later invited by the Planters' Association to visit estates and provide advise. This led to travel around Ceylon and Southern India, although this was entirely voluntary and this led to him being appointed "honorary entomologist" of Ceylon in 1897. In 1899 he was made a Government Entomologist with his office in the [[Royal Botanical Gardens, Peradeniya]]. He retired and moved to England in 1913. He moved to Camberley where he lived in Way's End and continued his research on scale insects of which he had made a large collection.<ref name=":0" />


Green was awarded the Barclay Medal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1901. Green served as a president of the Royal Entomological Society of London in 1923-24 and as a vice-president (1915, 1925). He married Edith Mary, daughter of Alfred Burnaby Antram in 1891 and they had two sons and a daughter. His specimen collections were donated to the Natural History Museum (BMNH) after he feared damage from bombing during the Second World War. The collection donated in 1940 included 6505 slides and 2172 boxes of dry specimens.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=D.J.|date=2017-09-07|title=E.E. Green’s collection of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.|url=https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4318.2.1|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4318|issue=2|pages=201|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.1|issn=1175-5334}}</ref> He died in [[Camberley]] in 1949.<ref name=":0" />
Green was awarded the Barclay Medal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1901. Green served as a president of the Royal Entomological Society of London in 1923-24 and as a vice-president (1915, 1925). He married Edith Mary, daughter of Alfred Burnaby Antram in 1891 and they had two sons and a daughter. His specimen collections were donated to the Natural History Museum (BMNH) after he feared damage from bombing during the Second World War. The collection donated in 1940 included 6505 slides and 2172 boxes of dry specimens.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=D.J.|date=2017-09-07|title=E.E. Green's collection of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.|url=https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4318.2.1|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4318|issue=2|pages=201|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.1|issn=1175-5334}}</ref> He died in [[Camberley]] in 1949.<ref name=":0" />


== Contributions to entomology ==
== Contributions to entomology ==
Green's major writings include ''The Coccidae of Ceylon'', that was published by Dulau & Co. in London (five volumes 1896–1922),<ref>Review by T. D. A. Cockerell in ''The American Naturalist'', Vol. 31, No. 368 (Aug., 1897), pp. 701–704 {{jstor|2453289}}</ref> as well as over 200 other papers. The originals of his paintings are in the Natural History Museum in London. Green's collection of [[Heteroptera]] from Ceylon is in the [[Indian Museum]] in Calcutta. His [[Microlepidoptera]] and [[Coleoptera]] from Ceylon are in the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]] in London.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|author=Laing, F. |year=1949|title= Obituary—Edward Ernest Green| journal= Entomologist's Monthly Magazine| volume= 85|pages= 215–216}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Osborn, H.|year=1952|title=A Brief History of Entomology Including Time of Demosthenes and Aristotle to Modern Times with over Five Hundred Portraits|place= Columbus, Ohio|publisher=The Spahr & Glenn Company}}</ref> Green collected specimens of various other taxa which were sent to experts in England and Europe. The frog species ''[[Zakerana greenii|Fejervarya greenii]]'' was named after him by [[George Albert Boulenger|G.A. Boulenger]] in 1905 while a dragonfly ''Platysticta greeni'' was named after him by [[William Forsell Kirby|Kirby]] in 1891. A mite genus ''Greenia'' was named in his honour by [[Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans|A.C. Oudemans]] in 1902, however this is now treated as a synonym of ''[[Dinogamasus]]''. The type species ''Greenia perkinsi'' was described as a symbiont found in the [[acarinarium]] of ''Xylocopa tenuiscapa''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Oudemans, A.C.|year=1902|title=Notes on Acari. Third series|url=https://archive.org/details/tijdschriftderne27nede/page/60|series=2|volume=7|pages=50-88|journal= Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging}}</ref>
Green's major writings include ''The Coccidae of Ceylon'', that was published by Dulau & Co. in London (five volumes 1896–1922),<ref>Review by T. D. A. Cockerell in ''The American Naturalist'', Vol. 31, No. 368 (Aug., 1897), pp. 701–704 {{jstor|2453289}}</ref> as well as over 200 other papers. The originals of his paintings are in the Natural History Museum in London. Green's collection of [[Heteroptera]] from Ceylon is in the [[Indian Museum]] in Calcutta. His [[Microlepidoptera]] and [[Coleoptera]] from Ceylon are in the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]] in London.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|author=Laing, F. |year=1949|title= Obituary—Edward Ernest Green| journal= Entomologist's Monthly Magazine| volume= 85|pages= 215–216}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Osborn, H.|year=1952|title=A Brief History of Entomology Including Time of Demosthenes and Aristotle to Modern Times with over Five Hundred Portraits|place= Columbus, Ohio|publisher=The Spahr & Glenn Company}}</ref> Green collected specimens of various other taxa which were sent to experts in England and Europe. The frog species ''[[Zakerana greenii|Fejervarya greenii]]'' was named after him by [[George Albert Boulenger|G.A. Boulenger]] in 1905 while a dragonfly ''Platysticta greeni'' was named after him by [[William Forsell Kirby|Kirby]] in 1891. A mite genus ''Greenia'' was named in his honour by [[Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans|A.C. Oudemans]] in 1902, however this is now treated as a synonym of ''[[Dinogamasus]]''. The type species ''Greenia perkinsi'' was described as a symbiont found in the [[acarinarium]] of ''Xylocopa tenuiscapa''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Oudemans, A.C.|year=1902|title=Notes on Acari. Third series|url=https://archive.org/details/tijdschriftderne27nede/page/60|series=2|volume=7|pages=50–88|journal= Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 13:39, 18 May 2021

Edward Ernest Green
Green in Sri Lanka, c. 1905
Born(1861-02-20)February 20, 1861
Colombo, Sri Lanka
DiedJuly 2, 1949(1949-07-02) (aged 88)
Camberley
NationalityEnglish
EducationCharterhouse
Known forSpecialised in the scale-insects, Coccidae
AwardsBarclay Medal of the Asiatic Society
Scientific career
FieldsMycologist and entomologist
InstitutionsRoyal Entomological Society of London

Edward Ernest Green (20 February 1861–2 July 1949) was an Ceylon-born English mycologist and entomologist who specialised in the scale-insects, Coccidae. An accomplished artist, and lithographer, he illustrated the five volume Coccidae of Ceylon.

Biography

Edward was born in Colombo, Sri Lanka to Jane Mary née Akers (d. 1863) and John Philip Green who owned coffee and tea plantations in Ceylon. His paternal grandfather Philip James Green was Consul-General for Ceylon. An uncle, Staniforth Green was a partner of the German planter and entomologist John Nietner[1] and had hosted Ernst Haeckel[2] and corresponded with entomologists like J.O. Westwood.[3][4] After schooling at Charterhouse, Edward returned to the family plantations at Pundaluoya in 1880 and became familiar with the ravages of Hemileia vastatrix and Coccus viridis which were to cause the end of coffee cultivation in Ceylon. He met Harry Marshall Ward who was in Ceylon to study the coffee rust[5] and conducted his own studies on Coccus viridis which he published in 1886 and wrote another influential paper on the Insect Pests of Tea in 1890. Around the same time, he went to study under T.H. Huxley at the Royal College of Science in Kensington.[6] Returning to Ceylon he was later invited by the Planters' Association to visit estates and provide advise. This led to travel around Ceylon and Southern India, although this was entirely voluntary and this led to him being appointed "honorary entomologist" of Ceylon in 1897. In 1899 he was made a Government Entomologist with his office in the Royal Botanical Gardens, Peradeniya. He retired and moved to England in 1913. He moved to Camberley where he lived in Way's End and continued his research on scale insects of which he had made a large collection.[7]

Green was awarded the Barclay Medal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1901. Green served as a president of the Royal Entomological Society of London in 1923-24 and as a vice-president (1915, 1925). He married Edith Mary, daughter of Alfred Burnaby Antram in 1891 and they had two sons and a daughter. His specimen collections were donated to the Natural History Museum (BMNH) after he feared damage from bombing during the Second World War. The collection donated in 1940 included 6505 slides and 2172 boxes of dry specimens.[8] He died in Camberley in 1949.[7]

Contributions to entomology

Green's major writings include The Coccidae of Ceylon, that was published by Dulau & Co. in London (five volumes 1896–1922),[9] as well as over 200 other papers. The originals of his paintings are in the Natural History Museum in London. Green's collection of Heteroptera from Ceylon is in the Indian Museum in Calcutta. His Microlepidoptera and Coleoptera from Ceylon are in the Natural History Museum in London.[7][10] Green collected specimens of various other taxa which were sent to experts in England and Europe. The frog species Fejervarya greenii was named after him by G.A. Boulenger in 1905 while a dragonfly Platysticta greeni was named after him by Kirby in 1891. A mite genus Greenia was named in his honour by A.C. Oudemans in 1902, however this is now treated as a synonym of Dinogamasus. The type species Greenia perkinsi was described as a symbiont found in the acarinarium of Xylocopa tenuiscapa.[11]

References

  1. ^ Lewis, J. Penry (1913). List of inscriptions on tombstones and monuments in Ceylon, of historical or local interest, with an obituary of persons uncommemorated. Colombo: H.C. Cottle. p. 138.
  2. ^ Haeckel, Ernst (1911). A visit to Ceylon (translated by Clara Bell). New York: Peter Eckler. p. 106.
  3. ^ Westwood, J.O. (1888). "Notes on the life-history of various species of the Neuropterous genus Ascalaphus". Transactions of the Entomological Society of London: 1–12.
  4. ^ Pethiyagoda, Rohan (2007). Pearls, Spices, and Green Gold: An Illustrated History of Biodiversity Exploration in Sri Lanka. WHT Publications. pp. 196–197.
  5. ^ Wright, Arnold, ed. (1907). Twentieth Century impressions of Ceylon. Lloyd's Greater Britain Publishing Compay, Ltd. p. 136.
  6. ^ Wright, Arnold (1907). Twentieth Century Impressions Of Ceylon. p. 136.
  7. ^ a b c Laing, F. (1949). "Obituary—Edward Ernest Green". Entomologist's Monthly Magazine. 85: 215–216.
  8. ^ Williams, D.J. (2017-09-07). "E.E. Green's collection of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in The Natural History Museum, London, U.K." Zootaxa. 4318 (2): 201. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  9. ^ Review by T. D. A. Cockerell in The American Naturalist, Vol. 31, No. 368 (Aug., 1897), pp. 701–704 JSTOR 2453289
  10. ^ Osborn, H. (1952). A Brief History of Entomology Including Time of Demosthenes and Aristotle to Modern Times with over Five Hundred Portraits. Columbus, Ohio: The Spahr & Glenn Company.
  11. ^ Oudemans, A.C. (1902). "Notes on Acari. Third series". Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging. 2. 7: 50–88.
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