Kurmali language: Difference between revisions
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'''Kurmali''' ([[Devanagari]]: कुड़मालि, [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]]: {{lang|kyw|কুর্মালী}}, {{lang|kyw|কুড়মালি}}, [[Odia script|Odia]]: କୁଡ଼ମାଲି / କୁର୍ମାଲି, ''{{transl|kyw|kur(a)mālī}}'') is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] classified under [[Bihari languages|Bihari]] group spoken in eastern India. Kurmali is generally linked to the [[Kudumi Mahato]] (also known as Kurmi, Mahanta or Mohanta) community of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. Kurmali is also spoken by the Kudumi people of [[Assam]], and was brought to the tea gardens from [[Bihar]], [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Ethnologue"/> Intellectuals claim that Kurmali may be the nearest form of language used in ''[[Charyapada]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnVuAAAAMAAJ&q=kurmali |title=Jharkhand movement: ethnicity and culture of silence – Sajal Basu – Google Books |access-date=25 August 2012|last1=Basu |first1=Sajal |year=1994 |isbn=9788185952154 }}</ref> As a trade dialect, it is known as '''Panchpargania''' ([[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]]:পঞ্চপরগনিয়া), for the "five districts" of the region it covers, or '''Tamaria'''. |
'''Kurmali''' ([[Devanagari]]: कुड़मालि, [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]]: {{lang|kyw|কুর্মালী}}, {{lang|kyw|কুড়মালি}}, [[Odia script|Odia]]: କୁଡ଼ମାଲି / କୁର୍ମାଲି, ''{{transl|kyw|kur(a)mālī}}'') is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] classified under [[Bihari languages|Bihari]] group spoken in eastern India. Kurmali is generally linked to the [[Kudumi Mahato]] (also known as [[Kurmi]], Mahanta or Mohanta) community of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. Kurmali is also spoken by the Kudumi people of [[Assam]], and was brought to the tea gardens from [[Bihar]], [[Odisha]] and [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Ethnologue"/> Intellectuals claim that Kurmali may be the nearest form of language used in ''[[Charyapada]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnVuAAAAMAAJ&q=kurmali |title=Jharkhand movement: ethnicity and culture of silence – Sajal Basu – Google Books |access-date=25 August 2012|last1=Basu |first1=Sajal |year=1994 |isbn=9788185952154 }}</ref> As a trade dialect, it is known as '''Panchpargania''' ([[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]]:পঞ্চপরগনিয়া), for the "five districts" of the region it covers, or '''Tamaria'''. |
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==Geographical distribution== |
==Geographical distribution== |
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Revision as of 14:54, 22 May 2021
| Kurmali | |
|---|---|
| Panchpargania | |
| কুড়মালি, কুর্মালী, कुड़मालि, କୁଡ଼ମାଲି | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Assam, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal[1] |
Native speakers | 556,089 (2011 census)[2] Census results conflate some speakers with Bengali, Odia and Hindi.[citation needed] |
| Devanagari, Bengali, Odia, Chisoi | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  India
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:kyw – Kurmalitdb – Panchpargania |
| Glottolog | kudm1238 Kudmalipanc1246 Panchpargania |
 Kurmali-speaking region of India | |
Kurmali (Devanagari: कुड़मालि, Bengali: কুর্মালী, কুড়মালি, Odia: କୁଡ଼ମାଲି / କୁର୍ମାଲି, kur(a)mālī) is an Indo-Aryan language classified under Bihari group spoken in eastern India. Kurmali is generally linked to the Kudumi Mahato (also known as Kurmi, Mahanta or Mohanta) community of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. Kurmali is also spoken by the Kudumi people of Assam, and was brought to the tea gardens from Bihar, Odisha and West Bengal.[1] Intellectuals claim that Kurmali may be the nearest form of language used in Charyapada.[3] As a trade dialect, it is known as Panchpargania (Bengali:পঞ্চপরগনিয়া), for the "five districts" of the region it covers, or Tamaria.
Geographical distribution
Kurmali language is spoken in south-east Jharkhand in Seraikela Kharswan, East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Ranchi districts; north-eastern Odisha in Mayurbhanj, Kendujhar, Jajpur and Sundargarh district; and in western West Bengal in Purulia, Bankura, Jhargram and Paschim Medinipur districts.
Alternate names
Names for the language include Bedia (from the Bedia caste), Dharua, Khotta, Pan Sawasi, Tanti, Tair, and Chik Baraik.
Kurumali sub dialect of Mayurbhanja state
Kurumali sub dialect of Mayurbhanja state agrees very closely with the Kurmali Thar of Manbhum.[4]
Trade language
Panchpargania is the common language for communication for Bundu, Tamar, Silli, Sonahatu, Arki & Angara blocks of Ranchi district of Jharkhand state.
See also
References
- ^ a b "Kudmali". Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
- ^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2011" (PDF). www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ Basu, Sajal (1994). Jharkhand movement: ethnicity and culture of silence – Sajal Basu – Google Books. ISBN 9788185952154. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
- ^ Grierson, George Abraham (1928). "Linguistic Survey of India". Nature. 121 (3055): 173. Bibcode:1928Natur.121..783T. doi:10.1038/121783a0. S2CID 4079658.
