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'''New Rome''' ([[Koine Greek|Greek]]: Νέα Ῥώμη, ''Nea Romē''; [[Late Latin|Latin]]: ''Nova Roma'') was the original name given by the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Constantine the Great]] in 330 CE to his new imperial capital (formerly [[Byzantium]]) on the European coast of the [[Bosphorus]] strait. |
'''New Rome''' ([[Koine Greek|Greek]]: Νέα Ῥώμη, ''Nea Romē''; [[Late Latin|Latin]]: ''Nova Roma'') was the original name given by the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Constantine the Great]] in 330 CE to his new imperial capital (formerly [[Byzantium]]) on the European coast of the [[Bosphorus]] strait. |
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The city was founded as [[Byzantium|Byzantion]] by [[Megara|Megarian]] colonists in 657 BCE.<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Istanbul|title=Istanbul|website=britannica.com|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> It was renamed by [[Constantine the Great]] first as "New Rome" (''Nova Roma'') during the official dedication of the city as the new [[Roman Empire|Roman]] capital in 330 CE,<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul"/> which he soon afterwards changed as [[Constantinople]] (''Constantinopolis'').<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul"/><ref name="ODB">{{ODB|title=Constantinople|last=Mango|first=Cyril|authorlink=Cyril Mango|pages=508–512}}</ref> The city was officially renamed as [[Istanbul]] in the 20th century, after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. |
The city was founded as [[Byzantium|Byzantion]] ({{lang-grc-gre|Βυζάντιον}}) by [[Megara|Megarian]] colonists in 657 BCE.<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Istanbul|title=Istanbul|website=britannica.com|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> It was renamed by [[Constantine the Great]] first as "New Rome" (''Nova Roma'') during the official dedication of the city as the new [[Roman Empire|Roman]] capital in 330 CE,<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul"/> which he soon afterwards changed as [[Constantinople]] (''Constantinopolis'').<ref name="Britannica-Istanbul"/><ref name="ODB">{{ODB|title=Constantinople|last=Mango|first=Cyril|authorlink=Cyril Mango|pages=508–512}}</ref> The city was officially renamed as [[Istanbul]] in the 20th century, after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. |
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Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326<ref name="Georgacas1947">{{Cite journal |author=Georgacas, Demetrius John |year=1947 |title=The Names of Constantinople |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association |volume=78 |pages=347–67 |doi=10.2307/283503 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |jstor=283503 }}</ref> to 330, partly modeling it after [[Rome]]. Names of this period included {{lang|grc|ἡ Νέα, δευτέρα Ῥώμη}}, "the New, second Rome";<ref>The 5th-century church historian [[Socrates of Constantinople]] writes in his ''Historia Ecclesiastica'', 1:16 (c. 439) that the emperor named the city "Constantinople" while decreeing that it be designated a "second Rome" (‘Κωνσταντινούπολιν’ μετονομάσας, χρηματίζειν ‘δευτέραν Ῥώμην’ νόμῳ ἐκύρωσεν).</ref> {{lang|grc|Ἄλμα Ῥώμα}}, {{lang|la|"Alma Roma"}}; {{lang|grc|Βυζαντιάς Ῥώμη}}, "Byzantine Rome"; {{lang|grc|ἑῴα Ῥώμη}}, "Eastern Rome"; and ''Roma Constantinopolitana''.<ref name=Georgacas1947 />{{rp|354}} |
Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326<ref name="Georgacas1947">{{Cite journal |author=Georgacas, Demetrius John |year=1947 |title=The Names of Constantinople |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association |volume=78 |pages=347–67 |doi=10.2307/283503 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |jstor=283503 }}</ref> to 330, partly modeling it after [[Rome]]. Names of this period included {{lang|grc|ἡ Νέα, δευτέρα Ῥώμη}}, "the New, second Rome";<ref>The 5th-century church historian [[Socrates of Constantinople]] writes in his ''Historia Ecclesiastica'', 1:16 (c. 439) that the emperor named the city "Constantinople" while decreeing that it be designated a "second Rome" (‘Κωνσταντινούπολιν’ μετονομάσας, χρηματίζειν ‘δευτέραν Ῥώμην’ νόμῳ ἐκύρωσεν).</ref> {{lang|grc|Ἄλμα Ῥώμα}}, {{lang|la|"Alma Roma"}}; {{lang|grc|Βυζαντιάς Ῥώμη}}, "Byzantine Rome"; {{lang|grc|ἑῴα Ῥώμη}}, "Eastern Rome"; and ''Roma Constantinopolitana''.<ref name=Georgacas1947 />{{rp|354}} |
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Revision as of 13:41, 27 May 2021
New Rome (Greek: Νέα Ῥώμη, Nea Romē; Latin: Nova Roma) was the original name given by the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great in 330 CE to his new imperial capital (formerly Byzantium) on the European coast of the Bosphorus strait.
The city was founded as Byzantion (Template:Lang-grc-gre) by Megarian colonists in 657 BCE.[1] It was renamed by Constantine the Great first as "New Rome" (Nova Roma) during the official dedication of the city as the new Roman capital in 330 CE,[1] which he soon afterwards changed as Constantinople (Constantinopolis).[1][2] The city was officially renamed as Istanbul in the 20th century, after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.
Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326[3] to 330, partly modeling it after Rome. Names of this period included ἡ Νέα, δευτέρα Ῥώμη, "the New, second Rome";[4] Ἄλμα Ῥώμα, "Alma Roma"; Βυζαντιάς Ῥώμη, "Byzantine Rome"; ἑῴα Ῥώμη, "Eastern Rome"; and Roma Constantinopolitana.[3]: 354
The term "New Rome" was used to indicate that Byzantium, thereafter Constantinople, was the second/new capital of the Roman Empire, since 285 CE when Diocletian established it as the center for the eastern provinces. In modern times, "New Rome" remains part of the official title of the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of that city.[5]
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Istanbul". britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ Mango, Cyril (1991). "Constantinople". In Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 508–512. ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
- ^ a b Georgacas, Demetrius John (1947). "The Names of Constantinople". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 78. The Johns Hopkins University Press: 347–67. doi:10.2307/283503. JSTOR 283503.
- ^ The 5th-century church historian Socrates of Constantinople writes in his Historia Ecclesiastica, 1:16 (c. 439) that the emperor named the city "Constantinople" while decreeing that it be designated a "second Rome" (‘Κωνσταντινούπολιν’ μετονομάσας, χρηματίζειν ‘δευτέραν Ῥώμην’ νόμῳ ἐκύρωσεν).
- ^ Bartholomew, Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch