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Kirill Razumovsky | |
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Hetman of Zaporizhian Host | |
In office 1750–1764 | |
Monarchs | Elizabeth Peter III Catherine the Great |
Preceded by | office revived (previously Danylo Apostol) |
Succeeded by | office liquidated |
Personal details | |
Born | Kyrylo (or Kirill) Rozum 18 March 1728 Lemeshi, Kiev Regiment, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire |
Died | 9 January 1803 Baturyn, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire | (aged 74)
Resting place | Refectory Church of Resurrection of Christ,[1] Baturyn |
Citizenship | Russian Empire (subject) |
Nationality | Ukrainian |
Spouse | Yekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina |
Children | Aleksey, Andrey, Petr, Lev, Grigoriy, Ivan, Natalia, Elizabeth, Anna, Paraskeva |
Residence(s) | Saint Petersburg Baturyn, Kiev Viceroyalty |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Russian Empire |
Rank | Field Marshal (1764) |
Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky (Template:Lang-ru, Template:Lang-uk Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovsky;[2] 18 March 1728 – 1 January 1803) was a Russian Imperial state figure of Ukrainian Cossack descent, who served as the last Hetman of Zaporozhian Host on both sides of the Dnieper (from 1750 until 1764) and then as Field marshal of Russian Imperial Army. He was also a President of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences (from 1746 until 1798).
Biography
Razumovsky was born to a family of low rank Cossack Hryhoriy Rozum in Lemeshi Russian Empire, Kiev Regiment on 18 March 1728.[1] The village Lemeshi where Razumovsky was born to this day stands in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine.
From 1743 to 1744 Kirill Razumovsky incognito attended the University of Göttingen. Razumovsky's adjutant in his journey to Germany was Grigory Teplov. Teplov was wielded influence over Little Russia in his capacity as the secretary and advisor to Kirill Razumovsky (whose cousin he married). Razumovsky was appointed President of the Russian Academy of Sciences when he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother, Aleksey Razumovsky, the morganatic husband of Empress Elisabeth of Russia.
In 1750, Razumovsky was elected and subsequently appointed Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, a title he held until Catherine II of Russia abolished this title in 1764, in exchange Razumovsky was granted a rank of Field marshal of Russian Army in 1764. During his service as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, Baturin was re-established as residence of Hetman and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturin as well as in Glukhov by the imperial architect Andrey Kvasov and Charles Cameron. Together with Grigory Teplov he also planned to open a university in Baturin. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturin, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle.
Kirill had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich Razumovsky (1748-1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810-16, and Prince Andrey Razumovsky (1752-1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador in Vienna in the years of the Congress 1814-1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth son Gregory Razumovsky (1759-1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Prussia and Switzerland.
Arms
Literature
- Maria Razumovsky. Die Rasumovskys: eine Familie am Zarenhof. Köln 1998. — 300 S.
References
- ^ a b Putro, O. Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
- ^ Oleksander Ohloblyn. Rozumovsky, Kyrylo. Encyclopedia of Ukraine
External links
- Kyrylo Rozumovsky at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- Kyrylo Rozumovsky at the Jurist Encyclopedia
- Palace's secrets. Kirill Razumovskiy, the Last Hetman. Kultura TV Channel (Russia).
- Koliada, I; Milko, V. Kyrylo Rozumovsky. "Folio".
- Kyrylo Rozumovsky. Ukrainians in the World.
- Soroka, Yu. Hetmanless period and the last Hetman of Ukraine.
Predessor Governing Council (Yakiv Lyzohub) |
Hetman of Zaporizhian Host 1750–1764 |
Successor Collegium of Little Russia (post liquidated) |
- 1728 births
- 1803 deaths
- People from Kozelets Raion
- People from Kiev Governorate (1708–1764)
- Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire
- People of the Cossack Hetmanate
- University of Göttingen alumni
- Hetmans of Zaporizhian Host
- Field marshals of Russia
- Razumovsky family
- Torbanists
- Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
- 18th-century Ukrainian people
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 4th class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 3rd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
- Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)