Mithridates V Euergetes: Difference between revisions

Mithridates V Euergetes
Mithridates V Euergetes
	Terracotta in Louvre museum
King of Pontus
Reign	c. 150 – 120 BC
Predecessor	Mithridates IV of Pontus
Successor	Mithridates VI of Pontus
Spouses	Laodice VI of Seleucids
Issue	Laodice of Cappadocia; Mithridates VI Eupator; Mithridates Chrestus; Laodice (wife of Mithridates VI)
House	Mithridatic
Father	Pharnaces I of Pontus
Mother	Nysa

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Mithridates or Mithradates V Euergetes^[1] (Template:Lang-grc-gre, which means "Mithridates the benefactor"; fl. 2nd century BC, r. 150–120 BC) was a prince and the seventh king of the wealthy Kingdom of Pontus.

Mithridates V was of Greek Macedonian and Persian ancestry. He was the son of the King Pharnaces I of Pontus and Queen Nysa, while his sister was Nysa of Cappadocia. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, while giving birth to either him or his sister. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt Laodice and paternal uncle Mithridates IV of Pontus^[2] on the Pontian throne, but the circumstance of his accession is uncertain.^{[citation needed]}

Mithridates V continued the alliance with the Roman Republic started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the Third Punic War (149–146 BC)^[3] and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against the King of Pergamon, Eumenes III (131–129 BC).^{[citation needed]}

For his services on this occasion, Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul Manius Aquillius with the province of Phrygia. However the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the Roman Senate on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.^[4] Mithridates V also increased the power of the Kingdom of Pontus by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter Laodice of Cappadocia to King Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia.^[5] The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assigned to the year 120 BC, signaling the end of the reign of Mithridates V.^{[citation needed]}

Mithridates V was assassinated in about 120 BC in Sinope, poisoned by unknown persons at a lavish banquet which he held.^[6] Mithridates V, was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in Athens and Delos and held the Greek God Apollo in great veneration. A bilingual inscription dedicated to him is displayed at the Capitoline Museums in Rome.^[7] Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at Amasya.^{[citation needed]}

Mithridates V married the Greek Seleucid Princess Laodice VI, who was the daughter of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and Laodice IV.^[8]^[9] Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he was connected to the Seleucid dynasty.^{[citation needed]}

Laodice bore Mithridates V eight children: Laodice of Cappadocia, Mithridates VI of Pontus, Mithridates Chrestus, Laodice, Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of the Kingdom of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122
^ Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxxviii. 5
^ Appian, The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars 10
^ Justin, xxxvii. 1; Appian, 12, 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, v. 10; Eutropius, Breviarium, iv. 20
^ Mayor, Adrienne (2010). "Education of a Young Hero". The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy. Princeton University Press. pp. 43–72. ISBN 9780691150260. JSTOR j.ctt7t7kz.10.
^ Mayor, The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy p.68
^ Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122
^ "Laodice VI - Livius". www.livius.org. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
^ Walbank, Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 p.491

Sources

Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Mithridates V", Boston, (1867)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Mithridates, kings of Pontus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2. p. 1096.
Walbank, W. The Cambridge ancient history: The Hellenistic world, Volume 7 F. Cambridge University Press, 1984
McGing, B.C. The foreign policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, BRILL, 1986
Hazel, J. Who's Who in the Roman World, "Mithridates V Euergetes", 2002
Erciyas, D.B. Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey, BRILL, 2006
Mayor, A. The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy, Princeton University Press, 2009
Dakshveer Singh

External links

Callatay, Francois, The First Royal Coinages of Pontos

Preceded by Mithridates IV	King of Pontus ca. 150 BC – 120 BC	Succeeded by Mithridates VI

[1] Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122

[2] Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxxviii. 5

[3] Appian, The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars 10

[4] Justin, xxxvii. 1; Appian, 12, 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, v. 10; Eutropius, Breviarium, iv. 20

[5] Mayor, Adrienne (2010). "Education of a Young Hero". The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy. Princeton University Press. pp. 43–72. ISBN 9780691150260. JSTOR j.ctt7t7kz.10.

[6] Mayor, The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy p.68

[7] Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122

[8] "Laodice VI - Livius". www.livius.org. Retrieved 29 May 2017.

[9] Walbank, Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 p.491

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@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 '''Mithridates''' or '''Mithradates V Euergetes'''<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> ({{lang-grc-gre|Μιθριδάτης ὁ εὐεργέτης}}, which means "Mithridates the benefactor"; fl. 2nd century BC, r. 150–120 BC) was a prince and the [[List of Kings of Pontus|seventh king]] of the wealthy [[Kingdom of Pontus]].
-Mithridates V was of [[Macedonia (Greece)|Greek Macedonian]] and [[Persian people|Persian ancestry]]. He was the son of the King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] and Queen [[Nysa (wife of Pharnaces I of Pontus)|Nysa]], while his sister was [[Nysa of Cappadocia]]. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, while giving birth to either him or his sister. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates IV of Pontus)|Laodice]] and paternal uncle [[Mithridates IV of Pontus]] <ref>Justin, ''Epitome of Pompeius Trogus'', [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.5 xxxviii. 5]</ref> on the Pontian throne, but the circumstance of his accession is uncertain.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+Mithridates V was of [[Macedonia (Greece)|Greek Macedonian]] and [[Persian people|Persian ancestry]]. He was the son of the King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] and Queen [[Nysa (wife of Pharnaces I of Pontus)|Nysa]], while his sister was [[Nysa of Cappadocia]]. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, while giving birth to either him or his sister. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates IV of Pontus)|Laodice]] and paternal uncle [[Mithridates IV of Pontus]]<ref>Justin, ''Epitome of Pompeius Trogus'', [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.5 xxxviii. 5]</ref> on the Pontian throne, but the circumstance of his accession is uncertain.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
-Mithridates V continued the alliance with the [[Roman Republic]] started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the [[Third Punic War]] (149–146&nbsp;BC)<ref>Appian, ''The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars'' [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2#10 10]</ref> and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against the King of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes III]] (131–129 BC).{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+Mithridates V continued the alliance with the [[Roman Republic]] started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the [[Third Punic War]] (149–146&nbsp;BC)<ref>Appian, ''The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars'' [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2#10 10]</ref> and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against the King of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes III]] (131–129 BC).{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
-For his services on this occasion, Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul [[Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)|Manius Aquillius]] with the province of [[Phrygia]]. However the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the [[Roman Senate]] on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.<ref>Justin, [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.1 xxxvii. 1]; Appian, [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-3#12 12], 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, [http://attalus.org/translate/orosius5A.html#10 v. 10]; Eutropius, Breviarium, [https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Abridgement_of_Roman_History/Book_IV#XX iv. 20]</ref> Mithridates V also increased the power of the [[Kingdom of Pontus]] by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter [[Laodice of Cappadocia]] to King [[Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia]].<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Princeton University Press| last = Mayor| first=Adrienne |title = The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy| chapter = Education of a Young Hero| date = 2010| pages = 43–72| jstor = j.ctt7t7kz.10| isbn = 9780691150260}}</ref> The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assigned to the year 120 BC, signaling the end of the reign of Mithridates V.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+For his services on this occasion, Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul [[Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)|Manius Aquillius]] with the province of [[Phrygia]]. However the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the [[Roman Senate]] on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.<ref>Justin, [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.1 xxxvii. 1]; Appian, [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-3#12 12], 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, [http://attalus.org/translate/orosius5A.html#10 v. 10]; Eutropius, Breviarium, [https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Abridgement_of_Roman_History/Book_IV#XX iv. 20]</ref> Mithridates V also increased the power of the [[Kingdom of Pontus]] by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter [[Laodice of Cappadocia]] to King [[Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia]].<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Princeton University Press| last = Mayor| first=Adrienne |title = The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy| chapter = Education of a Young Hero| date = 2010| pages = 43–72| jstor = j.ctt7t7kz.10| isbn = 9780691150260}}</ref> The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assigned to the year 120 BC, signaling the end of the reign of Mithridates V.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
 Mithridates V was assassinated in about 120 BC in [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinope]], poisoned by unknown persons at a lavish banquet which he held.<ref>Mayor, ''The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy'' p.68</ref>
-Mithridates V, was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in [[Athens]] and [[Delos]] and held the Greek God [[Apollo]] in great veneration. A bilingual inscription dedicated to him is displayed at the [[Capitoline Museums]] in [[Rome]].<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at [[Amasya]].{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+Mithridates V, was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in [[Athens]] and [[Delos]] and held the Greek God [[Apollo]] in great veneration. A bilingual inscription dedicated to him is displayed at the [[Capitoline Museums]] in [[Rome]].<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at [[Amasya]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
-Mithridates V married the [[Seleucid Empire|Greek Seleucid Princess]] [[Laodice VI]], who was the daughter of [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]] and [[Laodice IV]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laodice VI - Livius|url=https://www.livius.org/la-ld/laodice/laodice_vi.html|website=www.livius.org|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>Walbank, ''Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 '' p.491</ref> Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he was connected to the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid dynasty]].{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+Mithridates V married the [[Seleucid Empire|Greek Seleucid Princess]] [[Laodice VI]], who was the daughter of [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]] and [[Laodice IV]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laodice VI - Livius|url=https://www.livius.org/la-ld/laodice/laodice_vi.html|website=www.livius.org|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>Walbank, ''Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 '' p.491</ref> Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he was connected to the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid dynasty]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
-Laodice bore Mithridates V eight children: [[Laodice of Cappadocia]], [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]], [[Mithridates Chrestus]], [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates VI of Pontus)|Laodice]], Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of the Kingdom of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
+Laodice bore Mithridates V eight children: [[Laodice of Cappadocia]], [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]], [[Mithridates Chrestus]], [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates VI of Pontus)|Laodice]], Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of the Kingdom of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 78: / Line 78: @@
 ==External links==
-{{Commonscat|Mithridates V of Pontus}}
+{{Commons category|Mithridates V of Pontus}}
 *[http://www.pontos.dk/publications/books/bss-9-files/bss-9-04-callatay Callatay, Francois, The First Royal Coinages of Pontos]
 {{S-start}}

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Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.