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==Association football==
==Association football==
The [[Chinese Super League]] ({{zh|中超联赛|labels=no}}, CSL) is the highest tier of professional [[association football]] in [[Mainland China]] operating under the auspices of the [[Chinese Football Association]] (CFA).<ref>{{cite web|last=Sheringham |first=Sam |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20894477 |title=BBC Sport - Didier Drogba & Nicolas Anelka put Chinese football on the map |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2013-01-08 |access-date=2013-10-28}}</ref> The Super League was created by the re-branding of the former top division, Chinese Football Association Jia-A League, in 2004. While the league originally consisted of 12 teams, 16 teams now compete in it.
The [[Chinese Super League]] ({{zh|中超联赛|labels=no}}, CSL) is the highest tier of professional [[association football]] in [[Mainland China]] operating under the auspices of the [[Chinese Football Association]] (CFA).<ref>{{cite web|last=Sheringham |first=Sam |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20894477 |title=BBC Sport - Didier Drogba & Nicolas Anelka put Chinese football on the map |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2013-01-08 |access-date=2013-10-28}}</ref> The Super League was created by the re-branding of the former top division, Chinese Football Association Jia-A League, in 2004. While the league originally consisted of 12 teams, 16 teams now compete in it. The league has witnessed match-fixing, illegal betting and violence on and off the pitch<ref>{{cite web|last=Osnos |first=Evan | author-link=Evan Osnos |url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/evanosnos/2012/06/chinese-soccer-fixed-matches.html |title=Corruption in Chinese Soccer |publisher=The New Yorker |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Reuters in Beijing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/13/china-soccer-match-fixing-sentences |title=China soccer match-fixing: former football chief and top players jailed &#124; World news &#124; guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=2012-06-13 |access-date=2012-09-20 |location=London}}</ref> which the [[government of the People's Republic of China]] has promised to fix.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/sports/soccer/lengthy-prison-terms-in-chinese-soccer-corruption-case.html?_r=0|title=Lengthy Prison Terms in Chinese Soccer Corruption Case|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2012-09-20|first=David|last=Barboza|date=2012-06-13}}</ref> Two former top executives of the Football Association of China were arrested and prosecuted for taking bribes.<ref>Barboza, David. "[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/sports/soccer/lengthy-prison-terms-in-chinese-soccer-corruption-case.html?_r=0 Soccer Officials Sentenced in China]", The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-9</ref> The Super League is criticized for overusing of foreign players in clubs including some record-breaking transfers of foreign players.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/these-football-times/2017/jan/05/china-chinese-super-league-oscar-carlos-tevez|title=Why Chinese clubs are breaking transfer records – and why players are wise to go|first=Steve|last=Price|date=5 January 2017|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/soccer/article/2062455/have-shock-new-rules-foreign-players-burst-chinese-footballs-transfer|title=Shock new foreign player rules could burst China football bubble|date=16 January 2017|website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> The racist sentiment against foreign players including African players has been seen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://supchina.com/2018/08/06/demba-ba-enraged-alleged-racism-chinese-super-league/|title=Demba Ba enraged by alleged racism during Chinese Super League match - SupChina|date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/15/chinas-racism-is-wrecking-its-success-in-africa/|title=China’s Racism Is Wrecking Its Success in Africa|first=Celine|last=Sui}}</ref>

⚫
Initiatives have been developed including Vision China, a part FIFA Vision Asia. The programmed covers marketing, development, training, [[sports medicine]], competitions, [[mass media|media]] and fans. It also includes assessments on association football in China, planning matches and monitoring them. Goal Project for China part of FIFA Goal Project invested in China to help build new headquarters of CFA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200311/05/print20031105_127621.html|title=AFC to support Chinese football|publisher=English.people.com.cn|access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> The government has created at least 70,000 fields and 24,000 special schools.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Turner |first1=Greg |title=Why Chinese soccer has to die before it can really learn to live |url=https://www.sportspromedia.com/opinion/chinese-super-league-suning-football-state-reform-xi-jinping-cfa |access-date=31 March 2021 |work=[[SportsPro]] |date=18 March 2021}}</ref>


The sport is covered by the media.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/993090/let-professionals-run-chinese-soccer |title=Let professionals run Chinese soccer &#124; South China Morning Post |publisher=Scmp.com |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> National competitions are generally televised on [[CCTV-5]] and [[CCTV-5+]]. [[Guangdong Television]] reserves rights, however, for the [[Premier League]] and the [[UEFA Champions League]]. Since 1996, CCTV-5 has weekly programmes televising live games in the Italian [[Serie A]] and German [[Bundesliga]] to ''Football Night'' (足球之夜). Serie A, Bundesliga and [[La Liga]] are broadcast on CCTV-5. Shanghai's Dongfang Sports channel also has coverage.
The sport is covered by the media.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/993090/let-professionals-run-chinese-soccer |title=Let professionals run Chinese soccer &#124; South China Morning Post |publisher=Scmp.com |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> National competitions are generally televised on [[CCTV-5]] and [[CCTV-5+]]. [[Guangdong Television]] reserves rights, however, for the [[Premier League]] and the [[UEFA Champions League]]. Since 1996, CCTV-5 has weekly programmes televising live games in the Italian [[Serie A]] and German [[Bundesliga]] to ''Football Night'' (足球之夜). Serie A, Bundesliga and [[La Liga]] are broadcast on CCTV-5. Shanghai's Dongfang Sports channel also has coverage.


⚫
Initiatives have been developed including Vision China, a part FIFA Vision Asia. The programmed covers marketing, development, training, [[sports medicine]], competitions, [[mass media|media]] and fans. It also includes assessments on association football in China, planning matches and monitoring them. Goal Project for China part of FIFA Goal Project invested in China to help build new headquarters of CFA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200311/05/print20031105_127621.html|title=AFC to support Chinese football|publisher=English.people.com.cn|access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> The government has created at least 70,000 fields and 24,000 special schools.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Turner |first1=Greg |title=Why Chinese soccer has to die before it can really learn to live |url=https://www.sportspromedia.com/opinion/chinese-super-league-suning-football-state-reform-xi-jinping-cfa |access-date=31 March 2021 |work=[[SportsPro]] |date=18 March 2021}}</ref>
The [[China Super League|professional league]] is marred by match-fixing, illegal betting, and violence on and off the pitch,<ref>{{cite web|last=Osnos |first=Evan | author-link=Evan Osnos |url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/evanosnos/2012/06/chinese-soccer-fixed-matches.html |title=Corruption in Chinese Soccer |publisher=The New Yorker |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Reuters in Beijing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/13/china-soccer-match-fixing-sentences |title=China soccer match-fixing: former football chief and top players jailed &#124; World news &#124; guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=2012-06-13 |access-date=2012-09-20 |location=London}}</ref> which the [[Government of the People's Republic of China|Chinese government]] has promised to fix.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/sports/soccer/lengthy-prison-terms-in-chinese-soccer-corruption-case.html?_r=0|title=Lengthy Prison Terms in Chinese Soccer Corruption Case|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2012-09-20|first=David|last=Barboza|date=2012-06-13}}</ref> Two former top executives of the Football Association of China were arrested and prosecuted for taking bribes.<ref>Barboza, David. "[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/sports/soccer/lengthy-prison-terms-in-chinese-soccer-corruption-case.html?_r=0 Soccer Officials Sentenced in China]", The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-9</ref>

The Super League of China is also heavily criticized for overusing of foreign players in Chinese football clubs, including many record-breaking transfers of foreign superstars which harmed the development of local players.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/these-football-times/2017/jan/05/china-chinese-super-league-oscar-carlos-tevez|title=Why Chinese clubs are breaking transfer records – and why players are wise to go|first=Steve|last=Price|date=5 January 2017|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/soccer/article/2062455/have-shock-new-rules-foreign-players-burst-chinese-footballs-transfer|title=Shock new foreign player rules could burst China football bubble|date=16 January 2017|website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> On the other hand, due to China's lack of acknowledging of racism inside the country, the racist sentiment against foreign players, especially African players, are also widely seen in China, majority goes unnoticed until [[Demba Ba]]'s case.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://supchina.com/2018/08/06/demba-ba-enraged-alleged-racism-chinese-super-league/|title=Demba Ba enraged by alleged racism during Chinese Super League match - SupChina|date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/15/chinas-racism-is-wrecking-its-success-in-africa/|title=China’s Racism Is Wrecking Its Success in Africa|first=Celine|last=Sui}}</ref>

The deterioration of the senior's team performance also affects public opinions, which have several times caused uproar and riots. In 2013, when China suffered a humiliating 1–5 home loss to [[Thailand national football team|Thailand]], Chinese supporters went furious and hostile to the national side, which caused then-manager [[José Antonio Camacho]] to be sacked.<ref>{{cite web | last=Boehler | first=Patrick | title=China players accused of corruption after heavy defeat against Thailand | website=South China Morning Post | date=2018-07-20 | url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/china/article/1262784/china-players-accused-corruption-after-heavy-defeat-against-thailand | access-date=2020-10-12}}</ref> The uproar was later found during the [[2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC Third Round]], when China was humiliated, this time, by war-torn [[Syria national football team|Syria]] 0–1 right at home soil, Chinese fans held a protest demanding the President of CFA, [[Cai Zhenhua]], to resign.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/803380/chinas-soccer-fans-are-protesting-in-the-streets-after-their-national-team-lost-to-syria/|title=China’s soccer fans are protesting in the streets after their national team lost to Syria|first=Echo|last=Huang|website=Quartz}}</ref>


==Cuju==
==Cuju==

Revision as of 12:30, 11 July 2021

Football in China
Home stadium of club Dalian Yifang F.C.
CountryRepublic of China
Governing bodyCFA
National team(s)China
National competitions
Club competitions
International competitions

Football in China includes the practice of American football, arena football, association football, paper football and other "football"-termed sports in People's Republic of China that does not include Hong Kong and Macau which have separate teams and leagues.

American football

See also: Chinese National Football League

Association football

The Chinese Super League (中超联赛, CSL) is the highest tier of professional association football in Mainland China operating under the auspices of the Chinese Football Association (CFA).[1] The Super League was created by the re-branding of the former top division, Chinese Football Association Jia-A League, in 2004. While the league originally consisted of 12 teams, 16 teams now compete in it. The league has witnessed match-fixing, illegal betting and violence on and off the pitch[2][3] which the government of the People's Republic of China has promised to fix.[4] Two former top executives of the Football Association of China were arrested and prosecuted for taking bribes.[5] The Super League is criticized for overusing of foreign players in clubs including some record-breaking transfers of foreign players.[6][7] The racist sentiment against foreign players including African players has been seen.[8][9]

The sport is covered by the media.[10] National competitions are generally televised on CCTV-5 and CCTV-5+. Guangdong Television reserves rights, however, for the Premier League and the UEFA Champions League. Since 1996, CCTV-5 has weekly programmes televising live games in the Italian Serie A and German Bundesliga to Football Night (足球之夜). Serie A, Bundesliga and La Liga are broadcast on CCTV-5. Shanghai's Dongfang Sports channel also has coverage.

Initiatives have been developed including Vision China, a part FIFA Vision Asia. The programmed covers marketing, development, training, sports medicine, competitions, media and fans. It also includes assessments on association football in China, planning matches and monitoring them. Goal Project for China part of FIFA Goal Project invested in China to help build new headquarters of CFA.[11] The government has created at least 70,000 fields and 24,000 special schools.[12]

Cuju

China was recognized by Sepp Blatter as the first to invent a form of football over 2,000 years ago (3-2 century BC <sportskeeda.com>) through Cuju, a ball game.[13]

References

  1. ^ Sheringham, Sam (8 January 2013). "BBC Sport - Didier Drogba & Nicolas Anelka put Chinese football on the map". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
  2. ^ Osnos, Evan. "Corruption in Chinese Soccer". The New Yorker. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
  3. ^ Reuters in Beijing (13 June 2012). "China soccer match-fixing: former football chief and top players jailed | World news | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian. Retrieved 20 September 2012. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  4. ^ Barboza, David (13 June 2012). "Lengthy Prison Terms in Chinese Soccer Corruption Case". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
  5. ^ Barboza, David. "Soccer Officials Sentenced in China", The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-9
  6. ^ Price, Steve (5 January 2017). "Why Chinese clubs are breaking transfer records – and why players are wise to go" – via www.theguardian.com.
  7. ^ "Shock new foreign player rules could burst China football bubble". South China Morning Post. 16 January 2017.
  8. ^ "Demba Ba enraged by alleged racism during Chinese Super League match - SupChina". 6 August 2018.
  9. ^ Sui, Celine. "China's Racism Is Wrecking Its Success in Africa".
  10. ^ "Let professionals run Chinese soccer | South China Morning Post". Scmp.com. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
  11. ^ "AFC to support Chinese football". English.people.com.cn. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
  12. ^ Turner, Greg (18 March 2021). "Why Chinese soccer has to die before it can really learn to live". SportsPro. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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