17α-Hydroxypregnenolone: Difference between revisions
removed wrong edits |
Source refers to 7α-Hydroxypregnenolone not 17α Tags: Reverted section blanking |
||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
Measurements of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone are useful in the diagnosis of certain forms of [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Riepe FG, Mahler P, Sippell WG, Partsch CJ | title = Longitudinal study of plasma pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone in full-term and preterm neonates at birth and during the early neonatal period | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 87 | issue = 9 | pages = 4301–6 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12213889 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2002-020452 | doi-access = free }}</ref> |
Measurements of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone are useful in the diagnosis of certain forms of [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Riepe FG, Mahler P, Sippell WG, Partsch CJ | title = Longitudinal study of plasma pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone in full-term and preterm neonates at birth and during the early neonatal period | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 87 | issue = 9 | pages = 4301–6 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12213889 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2002-020452 | doi-access = free }}</ref> |
||
In patients with [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency]] 17α-hydroxypregnenolone is increased, while in patients with [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency]] levels are low to absent. |
In patients with [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency]] 17α-hydroxypregnenolone is increased, while in patients with [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency]] levels are low to absent. |
||
== Neurosteroid == |
|||
17α-hydroxypregnenolone is a known neuromodulator as its acts in the [[central nervous system]]. Specifically, it is known to modulate [[Animal locomotion|locomotion]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tsutsui K, Haraguchi S, Vaudry H | title = 7α-Hydroxypregnenolone regulating locomotor behavior identified in the brain and pineal gland across vertebrates | journal = General and Comparative Endocrinology | volume = 265 | pages = 97–105 | date = September 2018 | pmid = 28919448 | doi = 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.09.014 }}</ref> |
|||
== See also == |
== See also == |
||
Revision as of 01:03, 25 August 2021
 | |
 | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Adrenal, Gonads |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| ChEBI | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.239 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C21H32O3 |
| Molar mass | 332.484 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 268 °C (514 °F) |
| |
| |
  (what is this?) (verify) | |
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone is a pregnane (C21) steroid that is obtained by hydroxylation of pregnenolone at the C17α position. This step is performed by the mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) that is present in the adrenal and gonads. Peak levels are reached in humans at the end of puberty and then decline.[1] High levels are also achieved during pregnancy. It is also a known neuromodulator.
Prohormone
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone is considered a prohormone in the formation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), itself a prohormone of the sex steroids.
This conversion is mediated by the enzyme 17,20 lyase. As such 17α-hydroxypregenolone represents an intermediary in the Δ5 pathway that leads from pregnenolone to DHEA. 17α-Hydroxypregneolone is also converted to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, a prohormone for glucocorticosteroids and androstenedione through the activity of 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Clinical use
Measurements of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone are useful in the diagnosis of certain forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.[2] In patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency 17α-hydroxypregnenolone is increased, while in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency levels are low to absent.
See also
Additional images
References
- ^ Hill M, Lukác D, Lapcík O, Sulcová J, Hampl R, Pouzar V, Stárka L (April 1999). "Age relationships and sex differences in serum levels of pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone in healthy subjects". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. 37 (4): 439–47. doi:10.1515/CCLM.1999.072. PMID 10369116.
- ^ Riepe FG, Mahler P, Sippell WG, Partsch CJ (September 2002). "Longitudinal study of plasma pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone in full-term and preterm neonates at birth and during the early neonatal period". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 87 (9): 4301–6. doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020452. PMID 12213889.