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'''''Gogyō''''' ({{linktext|五行}}), The theory of the Five phases, Five elements is a Japanese [[Natural science|nature based]] [[Protoscience|protoscientific]] theory that was introduced in the 5th and 6th centuries. It divides the material formative world into the functional phases of:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Swetz|first=Frank J.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/731027808|title=Legacy of the Luoshu : the 4,000 year search for the meaning of the magic square of order three|date=2008|publisher=A.K. Peters|isbn=978-1-4398-6532-3|location=Wellesley, Mass.|oclc=731027808}}</ref> [[Fire (wuxing)|fire]] ({{linktext|火|lang=zh}} ''hi''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Water (Wu Xing)|water]] ({{linktext|水|lang=zh}} ''mizu''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Wood (Wu Xing)|wood]] ({{linktext|木|lang=zh}} ''ki''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Metal (Wu Xing)|metal]] ({{linktext|金|lang=zh}} ''ka''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), and [[Earth (Wu Xing)|earth]] ({{linktext|土|lang=zh}} ''tsuchi''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-01-01|title=Japanese Meridian Therapy - Preserved Tradition of the Five Phases|url=https://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=31449#:~:text=The%20Five%20Phases%20(earth,%20metal,spiritual%20aspects%20of%20the%20person.|access-date=2021-06-05|website=www.acupuncturetoday.com}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=August 2021|reason=Source makes no mention of the term Gogyo and all these romanizations}} It relates to the principles of ''[[Yin and yang|yin-yang]]'' and ''[[Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)|wuxing]]''.{{citation needed|date=August 2021|reason=What's with "relates". It most likely DERIVES from Wuxing, not just "relates" to it.}}
'''''Gogyō''''' ({{linktext|五行}}), The theory of the Five phases, Five elements is a Japanese [[Natural science|nature based]] [[Protoscience|protoscientific]] theory that was introduced in the 5th and 6th centuries. It divides the material formative world into the functional phases of:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Swetz|first=Frank J.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/731027808|title=Legacy of the Luoshu : the 4,000 year search for the meaning of the magic square of order three|date=2008|publisher=A.K. Peters|isbn=978-1-4398-6532-3|location=Wellesley, Mass.|oclc=731027808}}</ref> [[Fire (wuxing)|fire]] ({{linktext|火|lang=zh}} ''hi''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Water (Wu Xing)|water]] ({{linktext|水|lang=zh}} ''mizu''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Wood (Wu Xing)|wood]] ({{linktext|木|lang=zh}} ''ki''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), [[Metal (Wu Xing)|metal]] ({{linktext|金|lang=zh}} ''ka''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}), and [[Earth (Wu Xing)|earth]] ({{linktext|土|lang=zh}} ''tsuchi''{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-01-01|title=Japanese Meridian Therapy - Preserved Tradition of the Five Phases|url=https://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=31449#:~:text=The%20Five%20Phases%20(earth,%20metal,spiritual%20aspects%20of%20the%20person.|access-date=2021-06-05|website=www.acupuncturetoday.com}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=August 2021|reason=Source makes no mention of the term Gogyo and all these romanizations}} It relates to the principles of ''[[Yin and yang|yin-yang]]'' and ''[[Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)|wuxing]]''.{{citation needed|date=August 2021|reason=What's with "relates". It most likely DERIVES from Wuxing, not just "relates" to it.}}


The theory was transmitted to Japan from China, along with [[Taoism]], Chinese [[Chan Buddhism|Buddhism]] and [[Confucianism]], by monks and medical physicians. Its principles were integrated into every aspect of Japanese life, including education, health, politics by way of the ''[[Ritsuryō|ritsuryo]]'' system and [[Shinto|Japanese folk religion]] through [[religious cosmology]].{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} Today the theory is extensively used in the practice of Japanese [[acupuncture]], traditional [[Kampo]] medicine and [[Zen]] [[Timeline of Buddhism|Buddhism]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Baracco|first=Luciano|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3x5T23r6nUUC&pg=PA154|title=National Integration and Contested Autonomy: The Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua|date=2011|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0-87586-823-3|language=en}}</ref><ref> {{Cite journal|last1=Hayashi|first1=Makoto|last2=Hayek|first2=Matthias|date=2013-05-01|title=Editors' Introduction: Onmyodo in Japanese History|journal=Japanese Journal of Religious Studies|doi=10.18874/jjrs.40.1.2013.1-18|issn=0304-1042|doi-access=free}}</ref>
The theory was transmitted to Japan from China, along with [[Taoism]], Chinese [[Chan Buddhism|Buddhism]] and [[Confucianism]], by monks and medical physicians. Its principles were integrated into every aspect of Japanese life, including education, health, politics by way of the ''[[Ritsuryō|ritsuryo]]'' system and [[Shinto|Japanese folk religion]] through [[religious cosmology]]. Today the theory is extensively used in the practice of Japanese [[acupuncture]], traditional [[Kampo]] medicine and [[Zen]] [[Timeline of Buddhism|Buddhism]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Baracco|first=Luciano|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3x5T23r6nUUC&pg=PA154|title=National Integration and Contested Autonomy: The Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua|date=2011|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0-87586-823-3|language=en}}</ref><ref> {{Cite journal|last1=Hayashi|first1=Makoto|last2=Hayek|first2=Matthias|date=2013-05-01|title=Editors' Introduction: Onmyodo in Japanese History|journal=Japanese Journal of Religious Studies|doi=10.18874/jjrs.40.1.2013.1-18|issn=0304-1042|doi-access=free}}</ref>


A major medical text which features the theory is the ''[[Nan Jing (Chinese medicine)|Nan Jing]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nan Jing: The Classic of Difficult Issues|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325249215|access-date=2021-01-01|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref>
A major medical text which features the theory is the ''[[Nan Jing (Chinese medicine)|Nan Jing]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nan Jing: The Classic of Difficult Issues|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325249215|access-date=2021-01-01|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref>

Revision as of 02:44, 27 August 2021

See also: Godai (Japanese philosophy)

Gogyō (五行), The theory of the Five phases, Five elements is a Japanese nature based protoscientific theory that was introduced in the 5th and 6th centuries. It divides the material formative world into the functional phases of:[1] fire (火 hi[citation needed]), water (水 mizu[citation needed]), wood (木 ki[citation needed]), metal (金 ka[citation needed]), and earth (土 tsuchi[citation needed]).[2][better source needed] It relates to the principles of yin-yang and wuxing.[citation needed]

The theory was transmitted to Japan from China, along with Taoism, Chinese Buddhism and Confucianism, by monks and medical physicians. Its principles were integrated into every aspect of Japanese life, including education, health, politics by way of the ritsuryo system and Japanese folk religion through religious cosmology. Today the theory is extensively used in the practice of Japanese acupuncture, traditional Kampo medicine and Zen Buddhism.[3][4]

A major medical text which features the theory is the Nan Jing.[5]

See also

Sources

  1. ^ Swetz, Frank J. (2008). Legacy of the Luoshu : the 4,000 year search for the meaning of the magic square of order three. Wellesley, Mass.: A.K. Peters. ISBN 978-1-4398-6532-3. OCLC 731027808.
  2. ^ "Japanese Meridian Therapy - Preserved Tradition of the Five Phases". www.acupuncturetoday.com. 2007-01-01. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
  3. ^ Baracco, Luciano (2011). National Integration and Contested Autonomy: The Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua. Algora Publishing. ISBN 978-0-87586-823-3.
  4. ^ Hayashi, Makoto; Hayek, Matthias (2013-05-01). "Editors' Introduction: Onmyodo in Japanese History". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. doi:10.18874/jjrs.40.1.2013.1-18. ISSN 0304-1042.
  5. ^ "Nan Jing: The Classic of Difficult Issues". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2021-01-01.
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