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==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The name Louis (through the intermediate form [[Clovis (given name)|Clovis]]) derives from the Frankish name ᚺᛚŌᛞᛟᚹᛁᚲ (in [[runic alphabet]]) or *''Hlōdowik'' or *''Hlōdowig'' (in [[Latin alphabet]]). Traditionally, this name considered to be composed of two elements, deriving from both [[Proto-Germanic]] ''*hlūdaz'' ("loud, famous") and ''*wiganą'' ("to battle, to fight") respectively, resulting in the traditional practice of translating Clovis' name as meaning "famous warrior" or "famous in battle".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindthename.com/name/ludwig|title=Meaning, origin and history of the name Ludwig|first=Mike|last=Campbell|website=Behind the Name}}</ref>
The name Louis (through the intermediate form [[Clovis (given name)|Clovis]]) derives from the Frankish name ᚺᛚᛟᛞᛟᚹᛁᚲ (in [[runic alphabet]]) or *''Hlōdowik'' or *''Hlōdowig'' (in [[Latin alphabet]]). Traditionally, this name considered to be composed of two elements, deriving from both [[Proto-Germanic]] ''*hlūdaz'' ("loud, famous") and ''*wiganą'' ("to battle, to fight") respectively, resulting in the traditional practice of translating Clovis' name as meaning "famous warrior" or "famous in battle".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindthename.com/name/ludwig|title=Meaning, origin and history of the name Ludwig|first=Mike|last=Campbell|website=Behind the Name}}</ref>


However, scholars have pointed out that [[Gregory of Tours]] consequently transcribes the names of various Merovingian royal names containing the first element as ''chlodo-''. The use of a [[close-mid back protruded vowel]] (o), rather than the expected [[close back rounded vowel]] (u) which Gregory does use in various other Germanic names (i.e. [[Fredegundis]], [[Arnulf (archbishop of Reims)|Arnulfus]], [[Gundobad|Gundobadus]], etc.) opens up the possibility that the first element instead derives from [[Proto-Germanic]] ''*hlutą'' ("lot, share, portion"), giving the meaning of the name as "loot bringer" or "plunder (bringing) warrior". This hypothesis is supported by the fact that if the first element is taken to mean "famous", then the name of [[Chlodomer]] (one of Clovis' sons) would contain two elements (''*hlūdaz'' and ''*mērijaz'') both meaning "famous", which would be highly uncommon within the typical [[Germanic name]] structure.<ref>Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Bern.</ref><ref>Nederlandse Voornamenbank, [https://www.meertens.knaw.nl/nvb/verklaring/naam/Lodewijk Lodewijk], [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]], [[Meertens Institute]].</ref>
However, scholars have pointed out that [[Gregory of Tours]] consequently transcribes the names of various Merovingian royal names containing the first element as ''chlodo-''. The use of a [[close-mid back protruded vowel]] (o), rather than the expected [[close back rounded vowel]] (u) which Gregory does use in various other Germanic names (i.e. [[Fredegundis]], [[Arnulf (archbishop of Reims)|Arnulfus]], [[Gundobad|Gundobadus]], etc.) opens up the possibility that the first element instead derives from [[Proto-Germanic]] ''*hlutą'' ("lot, share, portion"), giving the meaning of the name as "loot bringer" or "plunder (bringing) warrior". This hypothesis is supported by the fact that if the first element is taken to mean "famous", then the name of [[Chlodomer]] (one of Clovis' sons) would contain two elements (''*hlūdaz'' and ''*mērijaz'') both meaning "famous", which would be highly uncommon within the typical [[Germanic name]] structure.<ref>Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Bern.</ref><ref>Nederlandse Voornamenbank, [https://www.meertens.knaw.nl/nvb/verklaring/naam/Lodewijk Lodewijk], [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]], [[Meertens Institute]].</ref>

Revision as of 14:48, 29 October 2021

Louis
Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715)
PronunciationUK: /ˈluːi/
US: /ˈluːɪs/
Template:IPA-fr
GenderMale
Language(s)French and English
Origin
Word/nameFrench
Meaning"Famed warrior" or "loot bringer"
Other names
Alternative spellingLouys
DerivedLouise
Related namesLouie, Clovis, Lewis, Ludovico, Luigi, Luis, Ludvig, Ludwig, Lodewijk, Lodewyk, Alois
See alsoLothar
Robert, name with a similar meaning
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Louis".

Louis is the French form of the Old Frankish given name Chlodowig and one of two English forms,[1] the other being Lewis (/ˈluːɪs/).

Etymology

The name Louis (through the intermediate form Clovis) derives from the Frankish name ᚺᛚᛟᛞᛟᚹᛁᚲ (in runic alphabet) or *Hlōdowik or *Hlōdowig (in Latin alphabet). Traditionally, this name considered to be composed of two elements, deriving from both Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz ("loud, famous") and *wiganą ("to battle, to fight") respectively, resulting in the traditional practice of translating Clovis' name as meaning "famous warrior" or "famous in battle".[2]

However, scholars have pointed out that Gregory of Tours consequently transcribes the names of various Merovingian royal names containing the first element as chlodo-. The use of a close-mid back protruded vowel (o), rather than the expected close back rounded vowel (u) which Gregory does use in various other Germanic names (i.e. Fredegundis, Arnulfus, Gundobadus, etc.) opens up the possibility that the first element instead derives from Proto-Germanic *hlutą ("lot, share, portion"), giving the meaning of the name as "loot bringer" or "plunder (bringing) warrior". This hypothesis is supported by the fact that if the first element is taken to mean "famous", then the name of Chlodomer (one of Clovis' sons) would contain two elements (*hlūdaz and *mērijaz) both meaning "famous", which would be highly uncommon within the typical Germanic name structure.[3][4]

Variant forms

Feminine variants

  • Arabic: لويز
  • Belarusian: Луіза (Luiza)
  • Chinese Simplified: 路易丝 (Lùyìsī)
  • Chinese Traditional: 路易絲 (Lùyìsī)
  • Croatian: Alojzija
  • Danish: Louise
  • Dutch: Louisa, Louise, Ludovica
  • English: Louisa, Lou, Louella, Lula, Luella
  • Estonian: Loviise
  • Finnish: Loviisa
  • French: Lou, Louise, Louisette
  • German: Aloisia, Louisa, Luise, Lulu, Luisa
  • Greek: Λουίζα (Louíza)
  • Gujarati: લુઇસ (Lu'isa)
  • Hebrew: לואיז
  • Hindi: लुइस (Lu'isa)
  • Hungarian: Lujza
  • Italian: Lodovica, Ludovica, Luigia, Luisa, Gigia, Gina, Ginetta, Luigina, Luisella
  • Japanese: ルイーザ (Ruīza), ルイ (Rui)
  • Kannada: ಲೂಯಿಸ್ (Lūyis)
  • Korean: 루이사 (Luisa)
  • Lithuanian: Liudvika
  • Maori: Ruiha
  • Macedonian: Лујза (Lujza), Лојза (Lojza)
  • Mongolian: Луиза (Luiza)
  • Nepali: लुइस (Lu'isa)
  • Norwegian: Lovise
  • Persian: لوئیس
  • Polish: Ludwika, Luiza
  • Portuguese: Luísa, Luiza
  • Romanian: Luiza
  • Serbian: Луиз (Luiz)
  • Slovak: Alojzia
  • Slovene: Alojzija
  • Spanish: Luisa, Luisina, Luisita
  • Swedish: Lovisa, Lova
  • Tamil: லூயிஸ் (Lūyis)
  • Telugu: లూయిస్ ( Lūyis)
  • Thai: หลุยส์ (H̄luys̄̒)
  • Ukrainian: Луїза (Luyiza)
  • Urdu: لوئیس

Arts and entertainment

Politics

Royalty

See also: King Louis (disambiguation)

Holy Roman Emperors and Kings of Germany

Kings of France

Other French royalty

Kings of Etruria

Kings of Holland

  • Louis I Bonaparte, King of Holland from 1806 to 1810
  • Louis II Bonaparte, King of Holland in 1810, also Grand Duke of Berg

Kings of Hungary

  • Louis the Great, (Louis I of Hungary) Apostolic King of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Jerusalem and Sicily from 1342, King of Poland from 1370
  • Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia, King of Bohemia and Hungary from 1516 to 1526

King of Portugal

King of Spain

  • Louis I of Spain, the eldest son of Philip V of Spain by his first Queen consort Maria Louisa of Savoy

Princes of Monaco

Princes of the United Kingdom

Dukes and Kings of Bavaria

Grand-Duke of Berg

  • Louis, Grand Duke of Berg from 1809 to 1813, also King of Holland as Louis II

Grand-Dukes of Hesse

Duke of Savoy

Duke of Württemberg

Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

Science and innovation

Sports

Others

Fictional characters

See also

References

  1. ^ Campbell, Mike. "Meaning, origin and history of the name Louis". Behind the Name.
  2. ^ Campbell, Mike. "Meaning, origin and history of the name Ludwig". Behind the Name.
  3. ^ Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Bern.
  4. ^ Nederlandse Voornamenbank, Lodewijk, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meertens Institute.
  5. ^ M. Petrossian (ed.). New Dictionary Armenian-English. Librairie de Beyrouth.
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