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The following is a '''list of women who have traveled into space''', sorted by date of first flight. This list includes Russian [[cosmonauts]], which were the first women in [[outer space]], all astronauts, and space travelers. Although [[Valentina Tereshkova]] became the first woman to go to space in 1963, very early in [[manned space exploration|crewed space exploration]], it would be almost twenty years before another flew ([[Svetlana Savitskaya]]).
The following is a '''list of women who have traveled into space''', sorted by date of first flight. This list includes Russian [[cosmonauts]], who were the first women in [[outer space]], all astronauts, and space travelers. Although [[Valentina Tereshkova]] became the first woman to go to space in 1963, very early in [[manned space exploration|crewed space exploration]], it would be almost twenty years before another flew ([[Svetlana Savitskaya]]).


Female astronauts went on to become commonplace in the 1980s and beyond. By 2019, roughly 12% of all the space travelers were women. As of 2021, there were 72 women with completed spaceflights.
Female astronauts went on to become commonplace in the 1980s and beyond. By 2019, roughly 12% of all the space travelers were women. As of 2021, there were 72 women with completed spaceflights.


==History==
==History==

Revision as of 07:31, 25 December 2021

"Spacewomen" redirects here. For other uses, see Spacewoman (disambiguation).
Main article: Women in space

2012 gathering of current and past female NASA astronauts at Villa Capri near Johnson Space Center. Seated (from left): Carolyn Huntoon (JSC's first female director), Ellen Baker, Mary Cleave, Rhea Seddon, Anna Fisher, Shannon Lucid, Ellen Ochoa, Sandra Magnus Standing (from left): Jeanette Epps, Mary Ellen Weber, Marsha Ivins, Tracy Caldwell Dyson, Bonnie Dunbar, Tammy Jernigan, Cady Coleman, Janet Kavandi, Serena Auñón, Kate Rubins, Stephanie Wilson, Dottie Metcalf-Lindenburger, Megan McArthur, Karen Nyberg, Lisa Nowak
2012 gathering of current and past female NASA astronauts at Villa Capri near Johnson Space Center.

Seated (from left): Carolyn Huntoon (JSC's first female director), Ellen Baker, Mary Cleave, Rhea Seddon, Anna Fisher, Shannon Lucid, Ellen Ochoa, Sandra Magnus

Standing (from left): Jeanette Epps, Mary Ellen Weber, Marsha Ivins, Tracy Caldwell Dyson, Bonnie Dunbar, Tammy Jernigan, Cady Coleman, Janet Kavandi, Serena Auñón, Kate Rubins, Stephanie Wilson, Dottie Metcalf-Lindenburger, Megan McArthur, Karen Nyberg, Lisa Nowak

The following is a list of women who have traveled into space, sorted by date of first flight. This list includes Russian cosmonauts, who were the first women in outer space, all astronauts, and space travelers. Although Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go to space in 1963, very early in crewed space exploration, it would be almost twenty years before another flew (Svetlana Savitskaya).

Female astronauts went on to become commonplace in the 1980s and beyond. By 2019, roughly 12% of all the space travelers were women. As of 2021, there were 72 women with completed spaceflights.

History

As of December 2021, of the 596 (FAI definition) total space travelers, 72 have been women.[citation needed] There have been one each from France, Italy, South Korea, and the United Kingdom; two each from Canada, China, and Japan; four from the Soviet Union/Russia; and 50 from the United States. The time between the first male and first female astronauts varied widely by country. The first astronauts originally from Britain, South Korea, and Iran were women, while there was a two-year gap in Russia from the first man in space on Vostok 1 to the first woman in space on Vostok 6. The time between the first American man and first American woman in space was 22 years between Freedom 7 and STS-7, respectively. For China, this interval was almost eight and a half years between the Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 9 space missions,[1] and for Italy, there was approximately twelve years between the STS-46 and Expedition 42 spaceflights.

A span of 19 years separated the first and second women in space. They were cosmonauts on the Vostok 6 and Soyuz T-7 missions. Though the Soviet Union sent the first two women into space, only four of the women in space have been Russian or Soviet citizens. However, British, French, Italian, dual-citizen Iranian-American and South Korean women have all flown as part of the Soviet and Russian space programs. Similarly, women from Canada, Japan, and America have all flown under the US space program. A span of one year separated the first and second American women in space, as well as the first and second Chinese women in space, taking place on consecutive missions, Shenzhou 9 and Shenzhou 10.

Spacefarers with completed spaceflights

# Image Name
Birth date 		Country Comment Missions (Launch date)
1 Valentina Tereshkova
Mar. 6, 1937 		 Soviet Union First woman in space.
Youngest woman in space (aged 26).
Only woman to make a solo spaceflight. 		Vostok 6 (Jun. 16, 1963))
2 Svetlana Savitskaya
Aug. 8, 1948 		 Soviet Union First woman to fly on a space station (Salyut 7, 1982).
First woman to perform a spacewalk (Jul. 25, 1984).
First woman to make two spaceflights. 		Soyuz T-5 (Jul. 19, 1982)
Soyuz T-12 (Jul. 17, 1984)
3 Sally Ride
May 26, 1951
died Jul. 23, 2012 		 United States First American woman in space. STS-7 (Jun. 18, 1983)
STS-41-G (Oct. 5, 1984)
4 Judith Resnik
Apr. 5, 1949
died Jan. 28, 1986 		 United States Fourth woman in space, second American woman in space. Died in the Challenger disaster. STS-41-D (Aug. 30, 1984)
STS-51-L (Jan. 28, 1986)
5 Kathryn D. Sullivan
Oct. 3, 1951 		 United States Second woman to perform a spacewalk. (Oct. 11, 1984). STS-41-G (Oct. 5, 1984)
STS-31 (Apr. 24, 1990)
STS-45 (Mar. 24, 1992)
6 Anna Lee Fisher
Aug. 24, 1949 		 United States First mother in space.[2] STS-51-A (Nov. 8, 1984)
7 Margaret Rhea Seddon
Nov. 8, 1947 		 United States STS-51-D (Apr. 12, 1985)
STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991)
STS-58 (Oct. 18, 1993)
8 Shannon Lucid
Jan. 14, 1943 		 United States First American woman to fly on a space station (Mir, 1996). First Chinese-born woman in space. First woman to make a third, a fourth and a fifth spaceflight. STS-51-G (Jun. 17, 1985)
STS-34 (Oct. 18, 1989)
STS-43 (Aug. 2, 1991)
STS-58 (Oct. 18, 1993)
STS-76/79 (Mar. 22, 1996)
9 Bonnie J. Dunbar
Mar. 3, 1949 		 United States STS-61-A (Oct. 30, 1985)
STS-32 (Jan. 9, 1990)
STS-50 (Jun. 25, 1992)
STS-71 (Jun. 27, 1995)
STS-89 (Jan. 22, 1998)
10 Mary L. Cleave
Feb. 5, 1947 		 United States STS-61-B (Nov. 26, 1985)
STS-30 (May 4, 1989)
11 Ellen S. Baker
Apr. 27, 1953 		 United States STS-34 (Oct. 18, 1989)
STS-50 (Jun. 25, 1992)
STS-71 (Jun. 27, 1995)
12 Kathryn C. Thornton
Aug. 17, 1952 		 United States Third woman to walk in space. First woman to make multiple EVAs (May 14–15, 1992, Dec. 6, 1993, Dec. 8, 1993) STS-33 (Nov. 22, 1989)
STS-49 (May 7, 1992)
STS-61 (Dec. 2, 1993)
STS-73 (Oct. 20, 1995)
13 Marsha Ivins
Apr. 15, 1951 		 United States STS-32 (Jan. 9, 1990)
STS-46 (Jul. 31, 1992)
STS-62 (Mar. 4, 1994)
STS-81 (Jan. 12, 1997)
STS-98 (Feb. 7, 2001)
14 Linda M. Godwin
Jul. 2, 1952 		 United States Fourth woman to walk in space (March 27, 1996, Dec. 10, 2001) STS-37 (Apr. 5, 1991)
STS-59 (Apr. 9, 1994)
STS-76 (Mar. 22, 1996)
STS-108 (Dec. 5, 2001)
15 Helen Sharman
May 30, 1963 		 United Kingdom First British citizen in space. Second woman to fly on a space station (Mir, 1991). Soyuz TM-12/TM-11 (May 18, 1991)
16 Tamara E. Jernigan
May 7, 1959 		 United States Fifth woman to walk in space (May 30, 1999) STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991)
STS-52 (Oct. 22, 1992)
STS-67 (Mar. 2, 1995)
STS-80 (Nov. 19, 1996)
STS-96 (May 27, 1999)
17 Millie Hughes-Fulford
Dec. 21, 1945
died Feb. 2, 2021 		 United States First female payload specialist. STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991)
18 Roberta Bondar
Dec. 4, 1945 		 Canada First Canadian woman in space. First Ukrainian Canadian woman in space. STS-42 (Jan. 22, 1992)
19 Jan Davis
Nov. 1, 1953 		 United States Went to space with her husband, Mark C. Lee in 1992. They were the first married couple to go to space together. STS-47 (Sep. 12, 1992)
STS-60 (Feb. 3, 1994)
STS-85 (Aug. 7, 1997)
20 Mae Jemison
Oct. 17, 1956 		 United States First African-American woman in space STS-47 (Sep. 12, 1992)
21 Susan J. Helms
Feb. 26, 1958 		 United States The sixth woman to walk in space (March 11, 2001). The longest duration EVA by a woman (8h 56m).[3] STS-54 (Jan. 13, 1993)
STS-64 (Sep. 9, 1994)
STS-78 (Jun. 20, 1996)
STS-101 (May 19, 2000)
STS-102/105 (Mar. 8, 2001)
22 Ellen Ochoa
May 10, 1958 		 United States First Hispanic woman in space. STS-56 (Apr. 8, 1993)
STS-66 (Nov. 3, 1994)
STS-96 (May 27, 1999)
STS-110 (Apr. 8, 2002)
23 Janice E. Voss
Oct. 8, 1956
died Feb. 6, 2012 		 United States STS-57 (Jun. 21, 1993)
STS-63 (Feb. 3, 1995)
STS-83 (Apr. 4, 1997)
STS-94 (Jul. 1, 1997)
STS-99 (Feb. 11, 2000)
24 Nancy J. Currie
Dec. 29, 1958 		 United States STS-57 (Jun. 21, 1993)
STS-70 (Jul. 13, 1995)
STS-88 (Dec. 4, 1998)
STS-109 (Mar. 1, 2002)
25 Chiaki Mukai
May 6, 1952 		 Japan First Japanese woman in space. STS-65 (Jul. 8, 1994)
STS-95 (Oct. 29, 1998)
26 Yelena V. Kondakova
Mar. 30, 1957 		 Russia First Russian woman to travel in 2 different spacecraft, Soyuz TM-20 and STS-84 both were on trips to Mir Space Station, and 1st Russian woman to travel on the Space Shuttle. Soyuz TM-20 (Oct. 3, 1994)
STS-84 (May 15, 1997)
27 Eileen Collins
Nov. 19, 1956 		 United States First female shuttle pilot and shuttle commander. STS-63 (Feb. 3, 1995)
STS-84 (May 15, 1997)
STS-93 (Jul. 23, 1999)
STS-114 (Jul. 26, 2005)
28 Wendy B. Lawrence
Jul. 2, 1959 		 United States STS-67 (Mar. 2, 1995)
STS-86 (Sep. 25, 1997)
STS-91 (Jun. 2, 1998)
STS-114 (Jul. 26, 2005)
29 Mary E. Weber
Aug. 24, 1962 		 United States STS-70 (Jul. 13, 1995)
STS-101 (May 19, 2000)
30 Catherine Coleman
Dec. 14, 1960 		 United States STS-73 (Oct. 20, 1995)
STS-93 (Jul. 23, 1999)
Soyuz TMA-20 (Dec. 15, 2010)
31 Claudie Haigneré
May 13, 1957 		 France First Frenchwoman in space. 1996 flight as Claudie André-Deshays Soyuz TM-24/TM-23 (Aug. 17, 1996)
Soyuz TM-33/32 (Oct. 21, 2001)
32 Susan Still Kilrain
Oct. 24, 1961 		 United States Second female shuttle pilot. STS-83 (Apr. 4, 1997)
STS-94 (Jul. 1, 1997)
33 Kalpana Chawla
Jul. 1, 1961
died Feb. 1, 2003 		 United States First Indian-Origin (naturalized U.S. citizen) woman in space. Died in the Columbia disaster. STS-87 (Nov. 19, 1997)
STS-107 (Jan. 16, 2003)
34 Kathryn P. Hire
Aug. 26, 1959 		 United States STS-90 (Apr. 17, 1998)
STS-130 (Feb. 8, 2010)
35 Janet L. Kavandi
Jul. 17, 1959 		 United States STS-91 (Jun. 2, 1998)
STS-99 (Feb. 11, 2000)
STS-104 (Jul. 12, 2001)
36 Julie Payette
Oct. 20, 1963 		 Canada Second Canadian woman in space. First French Canadian woman in space. Becomes Governor-General of Canada. STS-96 (May 27, 1999)
STS-127 (Jul. 15, 2009)
37 Pamela Melroy
Sep. 17, 1961 		 United States Second female shuttle commander. STS-92 (Oct. 11, 2000)
STS-112 (Oct. 7, 2002)
STS-120 (Oct. 23, 2007)
38 Peggy Whitson
Feb. 9, 1960 		 United States Most time in space (cumulative) for a US astronaut (665 days)
Seventh woman to walk in space (Aug. 16, 2002, Nov. 9, 2007, Nov. 20, 2007, Nov. 24, 2007, Dec. 18, 2007, Jan. 30, 2007, Jan. 6, 2017, Mar. 30, 2017, May 12, 2017, May 23, 2017).
Most EVAs (10) and most time spent on EVA (60 hrs 21 min)[4] of all female space travelers.
First female ISS commander (ISS Expedition 16). 		STS-111/113 (Jun. 5, 2002)
Soyuz TMA-11 (Oct. 10, 2007)
Soyuz MS-03/04 (Nov. 17, 2016)
39 Sandra Magnus
Oct. 30, 1964 		 United States STS-112 (Oct. 7, 2002)
STS-126/119 (Nov. 14, 2008)
STS-135 (Jul. 8, 2011)
40 Laurel B. Clark
Mar. 10, 1961
died Feb. 1, 2003 		 United States Died in the Columbia disaster. STS-107 (Jan. 16, 2003)
41 Stephanie Wilson
Sep. 27, 1966 		 United States STS-121 (Jul. 4, 2006)
STS-120 (Oct. 23, 2007)
STS-131 (Apr. 5, 2010)
42 Lisa Nowak
May 10, 1963 		 United States STS-121 (Jul. 4, 2006)
43 Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper
Feb. 7, 1963 		 United States Eighth woman to walk in space (Sep. 12, 2006, Sep. 15, 2006, Nov. 18-19, 2008, Nov. 20-21, 2008, Nov. 22-23, 2008). First Ukrainian American woman in space. STS-115 (Sep. 9, 2006)
STS-126 (Nov. 14, 2008)
44 Anousheh Ansari
Sep. 12, 1966 		 Iran /  United States Fourth space tourist and first female space tourist. First Iranian in space. Soyuz TMA-9/8 (Sep. 18, 2006)
45 Sunita Williams
Sep. 19, 1965[5] 		 United States Ninth woman to walk in space (Dec. 16, 2006, Jan. 31, 2007, Feb. 4, 2007, Feb. 8, 2007, Aug. 30, 2012, Sep. 5, 2012).[5] STS-116/117 (Dec. 9, 2006)[5]
Soyuz TMA-05M (Jul. 15, 2012)
46 Joan Higginbotham
Aug. 3, 1964 		 United States STS-116 (Dec. 9, 2006)
47 Tracy Caldwell Dyson
Aug. 14, 1969 		 United States Eleventh woman to walk in space (Aug. 7, 2010, Aug. 11, 2010, Aug. 16, 2010). First astronaut born after Apollo 11 flight.[6] STS-118 (Aug. 8, 2007)
Soyuz TMA-18 (Apr. 2, 2010).
48 Barbara Morgan
Nov. 28, 1951 		 United States First educator astronaut (Teacher in Space Project)
Oldest woman in space by the time of first flight (aged 55). 		STS-118 (Aug. 8, 2007)
49 Yi So-yeon
Jun. 2, 1978 		 Republic of Korea First Korean in space. Soyuz TMA-12 (Apr. 8, 2008)
50 Karen L. Nyberg
Oct. 7, 1969 		 United States STS-124 (May 31, 2008)
Soyuz TMA-09M (May 28, 2013)
51 K. Megan McArthur
Aug. 30, 1971 		 United States STS-125 (May 11, 2009)
SpaceX Crew-2 (Apr. 23, 2021)
52 Nicole P. Stott
Nov. 11, 1962 		 United States Tenth woman to walk in space (Sep. 1–2, 2009). STS-128/129 (Aug. 28, 2009)
STS-133 (Feb. 24, 2011)
53 Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger
May 15, 1975 		 United States First Space Camp alumna to become an astronaut. STS-131 (Apr. 5, 2010)
54 Naoko Yamazaki
Dec. 27, 1970 		 Japan STS-131 (Apr. 5, 2010)
55 Shannon Walker
Jun. 4, 1965 		 United States First Native Houstonian to go aboard the International Space Station. She returned to space for her second long duration mission on 15 November 2020, onboard SpaceX Crew-1, the first operational flight of SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft. Soyuz TMA-19 (Jun. 15, 2010)
SpaceX Crew-1 (Nov. 15, 2020)
56 Liu Yang
Oct. 6, 1978 		 China First Chinese woman in space. Shenzhou 9 (Jun. 16, 2012)
57 Wang Yaping
Jan. 27, 1980 		 China Sixteenth woman to walk in space (November 7, 2021) during Shenzhou 13.
First Chinese female astronaut to walk in space. 		Shenzhou 10 (Jun. 11, 2013)
Shenzhou 13 (Oct. 15, 2021)
58 Yelena Serova
Apr. 22, 1976 		 Russia Member of ISS Expedition 41. First Russian woman to visit the ISS.[7] Soyuz TMA-14M (Sep. 25, 2014)
59 Samantha Cristoforetti
Apr. 26, 1977 		 Italy ESA Astronaut. First Italian woman in space and first Italian woman on ISS. Expedition 42/43. Soyuz TMA-15M (Nov. 23, 2014)
60 Kathleen Rubins
Oct. 14, 1978 		 United States Twelfth woman to walk in space (Aug. 19, 2016, Sep. 01, 2016) during ISS Expedition 48. Soyuz MS-01 (Jul. 6, 2016)
Soyuz MS-17 (Oct. 14, 2020)
61 Serena Auñón-Chancellor
Apr 9, 1976 		 United States Soyuz MS-09 (Jun. 6, 2018)
62 Anne McClain
Jun. 7, 1979 		 United States Thirteenth woman to walk in space (Mar. 22, 2019, Apr. 08, 2019) during ISS Expedition 59. Soyuz MS-11 (Dec. 3, 2018)
63 Beth Moses
May 30, 1980 		 United States The first woman to make a spaceflight (US Department of Defense classification i.e. >50 mi (80.47 km)) on a commercially launched vehicle. The maximum altitude achieved was 295,007 ft (55.87 mi, 89.92 km).[8] VSS Unity VF-01 (Feb. 22, 2019)
64 Christina Koch
Feb 2, 1979 		 United States Fourteenth woman to walk in space (Mar 29, 2019) during ISS Expedition 59. Jointly with Jessica Meir, became the first two women to undertake an all-female EVA during ISS Expedition 61. Location: ISS (11:38 UTC, Oct 18, 2019)[9] Greatest continuous number of days in space for a female. She returned to Earth on Thursday, February 6, 2020 after 328 days in space.[10][11] Soyuz MS-12/13 (Mar. 14, 2019)
65 Jessica Meir
Jul. 15, 1977 		 United States /  Sweden Fifteenth woman to walk in space (Oct 18, 2019) during ISS Expedition 61. Jointly with Christina Hammock Koch, became the first two women to undertake an all-female EVA. Location: ISS (11:38 UTC, Oct 18, 2019) Soyuz MS-15 (Sep. 25, 2019)
66 File:Bandla sirisha.jpg Sirisha Bandla
C. 1988 		 United States Vice President of Government Affairs and Research Operations, Virgin Galactic.[12] Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (Jul. 11, 2021)
67 Wally Funk
Feb. 1, 1939 		 United States Blue Origin NS-16 (Jul. 20, 2021)
68 Sian Proctor
Mar. 26, 1970 		 United States Inspiration4 (Sep. 16, 2021)
69 Hayley Arceneaux
Dec. 9, 1991 		 United States Inspiration4 (Sep. 16, 2021)
70 Yulia Peresild
Sep. 5, 1984 		 Russia First actress in space, filming footage for a movie on Channel One Russia aboard the International Space Station Soyuz MS-19 (Oct. 5, 2021)
71 Audrey Powers
  United States Vice president of mission and flight operations of Blue Origin. Blue Origin NS-18 (Oct. 13, 2021)
72 Kayla Barron
Sep. 19, 1987 		 United States NASA Astronaut Group 22, "The Turtles", 2017. SpaceX Crew-3 (Nov. 10, 2021)

Other astronauts and astronaut candidates

# Image Name Birth date
Death date 		Country Comment
1 Nicole Aunapu Mann June 27, 1977  United States NASA Astronaut Group 21, "The 8 Balls", 2013. Currently set to travel on SpaceX Crew-5.
2 Jeanette J. Epps Nov. 2, 1970  United States NASA Astronaut Group 20, "The Chumps", 2009. Epps had been selected for Expedition 56, set to travel by Soyuz MS-09 to the International Space Station in May 2018, but on January 16, 2018, NASA announced that Epps had been replaced by her backup Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor. Currently set to travel on Boeing Starliner-1.
3 Patricia Robertson Mar. 12, 1963
Died May 24, 2001. 		 United States NASA Astronaut Group 17, "The Penguins", 1998
4 Nadezhda Kuzhelnaya Nov. 6, 1962  Russia Retired May 27, 2004.
5 Marianne Merchez Nov. 25, 1960  Belgium Retired 1995.
6 Yvonne Cagle Apr. 24, 1959  United States Retired with the rank of Colonel in 2008.[13]
7 Christa McAuliffe September 2, 1948
died Jan. 28, 1986 		 United States Died on the Challenger, January 28, 1986. Mission launched, but did not cross the Kármán line. The crew cabin peaked approx. 70,000 ft (above the Armstrong limit)
8 Tatyana Kuznetsova Jul. 14, 1941
died Aug. 23, 2018 		 Soviet Union Retired 1969.
9 Zhanna Yorkina May 6, 1939
died May 25, 2015 		 Soviet Union Retired 1969.
10 Irina Solovyova Sep. 6, 1937  Soviet Union Retired 1969.
11 Valentina Ponomaryova Sep. 18, 1933  Soviet Union Retired 1969.
12 Jennifer Sidey-Gibbons August 3, 1988  Canada 2017 CSA Group
13 Zena Cardman October 26, 1987  United States NASA Astronaut Group 22, "The Turtles", 2017
14 Jasmin Moghbeli June 24, 1983  United States NASA Astronaut Group 22, "The Turtles", 2017
15 Loral O'Hara May 3, 1983  United States NASA Astronaut Group 22, "The Turtles", 2017
16 Jessica Watkins May 14, 1988  United States NASA Astronaut Group 22, "The Turtles", 2017
17 Anna Kikina August 24, 1987  Russia 2012 TsPK – Addition Group
18 Nora Al Matrooshi 1993  United Arab Emirates Emirati Astronaut Group 2
19 Johanna Maislinger 1985  Austria Spaceflight participant candidate
20 Yumi Matsutoya 1954  Japan Singer. Spaceflight participant candidate to travel on Soyuz MS-20.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Women in Space: Timeline of Achievements and Events".
  2. ^ "NASA - First Mother in Space, Mars Team to Be at NASA Langley Open House". www.nasa.gov.
  3. ^ "Astronaut/Cosmonaut Statistics". www.worldspaceflight.com. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  4. ^ Spacefacts (2017). "Astronauts and Cosmonauts with EVA Experience (sorted by "EVA Time")". Spacefacts. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  5. ^ a b c NASA (2009). "Sunita L. Williams (Commander, USN)". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
  6. ^ "Astronaut Tracy Caldwell & "Officer Phil" Konstantin's KUSI TV 9/51 Page". americanindian.net.
  7. ^ "Privyet, Elena Serova! Space Station Welcomes Its First Russian Woman". NBC News. 26 September 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  8. ^ "Virgin Galactic Makes Space for Second Time In Ten Weeks with Three On Board, Reaching Higher Altitudes and Faster Speeds, as Flight Test Program Continues". Virgin Galactic. 22 February 2019.
  9. ^ "NASA Astronauts Make History with 1st All-Woman Spacewalk". Space. 18 October 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  10. ^ Northon, Karen (2020-02-06). "Record-Setting NASA Astronaut, Crewmates Return from Space Station". NASA. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  11. ^ Pearlman 2019-12-29T00:29:47Z, Robert Z. (29 December 2019). "Astronaut Christina Koch Breaks Record for Longest Space Mission by a Woman". Space.com. Retrieved 2019-12-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Chang, Kenneth (2021-07-11). "Who were the crew members aboard the flight?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  13. ^ Mars, Kelli (2015-02-11). "Johnson Space Center Home". NASA. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
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