Al-Farooq (title): Difference between revisions

Al-Farooq
الفاروق
	Calligraphic representation of; Umar Al-Farooq name
Pronunciation	Al-Farooq ; (Arabic: فاروق), ; Farouk,; Faruqi,; Farook,; Faruk,; Faroeq,; Faruq, ; Farouq,; Farooqi,; Farooqui,; Fārūq
Gender	Male
Language(s)	Arabic
Origin
Meaning	The one who distinguishes right from wrong.
Region of origin	Arabia (Middle East)

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Revision as of 12:48, 30 December 2021

Al-Farooq (Arabic: الفاروق, "distinguisher") is the title given to one who distinguishes right from wrong.^[1] It was a well-known historical title of the second caliph Umar.

Etymology

According to the Lisān al-'Arab (Arabic dictionary by Ibn Manẓūr) al-Farouq refers to making a distinction between two subjects, and is a person who distinguishes between right and wrong.^[2] Al-Farooq is translated as "discriminator" by Gerald T. Elmore,^[3] Richard F. Burton.^[4]

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Sunni

According to Sunni Muslims, Muhammad entitled Omar bin al-Khattab as al-Farooq.^[1] The son of Kahn Jahan, the minister of Muhammad bin Tughluq claimed Omar bin al-Khattab got this title from the Islamic prophet Muhammad.^[5] Also Umayyad caliph Sulayman called him discriminator (al-farooq)^[6] It is mentioned in the History of Tabari, Taqabat ibn Sad, and Tahdhib "the people of the Book (Jews) were the first to call Umar 'al-Faaruq, we have never heard the Prophet make such reference."^[7]

Shia

Among Shia sources there is a hadith attributed to Muhammad in which he entitled Ali ibn Abi Talib as al-Farooq.^[8] Abu Dhar al-Ghifari and Salman the Persian narrated some of this Hadithes ^[9] There is some sources that emphasized that the people of the book called Omar bin al-Khattab as al-Farooq.^[8]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b Mohammed Jabar (1 November 2014). Islam and the West: A Rational Perspective. Memoirs Publishing. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-86151-298-7.
^ Ibn Manẓūr. Lisān al-'Arab. p. 303.
^ Elmore, Gerald T. (1999). Islamic Sainthood in the Fullness of Time: Ibn Al-Arabi's Book of the Fabulous Gryphon. Brill Academic Pub; annotated edition. p. 283. ISBN 978-9004109919.
^ Burton, Richard F. (December 2008). Arabian Nights. Cosimo Classics. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-60520-578-6.
^ "Sarkár of Dándes". Bibliotheca Indica. 61 (2). Baptist Mission Press. p. 226, footnote 4. 1891. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
^ Schroeder, Eric (January 2002). Muhammad's People: An Anthology of Muslim Civilization. Dover Publications. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-486-42502-3.^{[verification needed]}
^ Yar-Shater, Eshan, ed. (2015). The Conquest of Iran A.D. 641-643/A.H. 21-23. The History of al-Tabari. Vol. 14. Translated by Smith, G Rex. SUNY Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-4384-2039-4.
^ ^a ^b Mesbah Yazdi, Mesbah Yazdi. quarter of arrogancزینهار از تکبر]. Vol. 1. p. 217.
^ Ameli, jafar morteza. Ṣaḥīḥ of Biography of Imam Ali. Vol. 14. p. 156.
^ Wheeler, Brannon (2002-06-18). Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Quran and Muslim Exegesis. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 358. ISBN 978-0-8264-4957-3.

[Jabar2014-1] Mohammed Jabar (1 November 2014). Islam and the West: A Rational Perspective. Memoirs Publishing. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-86151-298-7.

[2] Ibn Manẓūr. Lisān al-'Arab. p. 303.

[3] Elmore, Gerald T. (1999). Islamic Sainthood in the Fullness of Time: Ibn Al-Arabi's Book of the Fabulous Gryphon. Brill Academic Pub; annotated edition. p. 283. ISBN 978-9004109919.

[4] Burton, Richard F. (December 2008). Arabian Nights. Cosimo Classics. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-60520-578-6.

[5] "Sarkár of Dándes". Bibliotheca Indica. 61 (2). Baptist Mission Press. p. 226, footnote 4. 1891. Retrieved 12 May 2019.

[6] Schroeder, Eric (January 2002). Muhammad's People: An Anthology of Muslim Civilization. Dover Publications. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-486-42502-3.^{[verification needed]}

[7] Yar-Shater, Eshan, ed. (2015). The Conquest of Iran A.D. 641-643/A.H. 21-23. The History of al-Tabari. Vol. 14. Translated by Smith, G Rex. SUNY Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-4384-2039-4.

[lib-8] Mesbah Yazdi, Mesbah Yazdi. quarter of arrogancزینهار از تکبر]. Vol. 1. p. 217.

[9] Ameli, jafar morteza. Ṣaḥīḥ of Biography of Imam Ali. Vol. 14. p. 156.

[10] Wheeler, Brannon (2002-06-18). Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Quran and Muslim Exegesis. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 358. ISBN 978-0-8264-4957-3.

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-'''Al-Farooq''' (Arabic: الفاروق, "distinguisher") is the title given to one who distinguishes right from wrong.<ref name="Jabar2014">{{cite book|author=Mohammed Jabar|title=Islam and the West: A Rational Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FPDJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|date=1 November 2014|publisher=Memoirs Publishing|isbn=978-1-86151-298-7|pages=69–}}</ref>
+'''Al-Farooq''' ([[Arabic]]: الفاروق, "distinguisher") is the title given to one who distinguishes right from wrong.<ref name="Jabar2014">{{cite book|author=Mohammed Jabar|title=Islam and the West: A Rational Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FPDJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|date=1 November 2014|publisher=Memoirs Publishing|isbn=978-1-86151-298-7|pages=69–}}</ref> It was a well-known historical title of the second caliph [[Umar]].
 == Etymology ==