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Coordinates: 40°12′13″N 27°35′42″E / 40.2035643°N 27.5950731°E / 40.2035643; 27.5950731
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'''Zeleia''' ({{lang-grc|Ζέλεια}}) was a town of the [[ancient Troad]], at the foot of [[Mount Ida (Turkey)|Mount Ida]] and on the banks of the river [[Aesepus]], at a distance of 80 [[stadion (unit)|stadia]] from its mouth.<ref name=Strabo>{{Cite Strabo|xii. p.565, xiii. pp. 585, 587, 603}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Stephanus|''s.v.''}}</ref> It is mentioned by [[Homer]] in the [[Trojan Battle Order]] in the ''[[Iliad]]'', and later when Homer calls it a holy town.<ref>{{Cite Iliad|2.824, 4.103}}</ref> Zeleia led a force of warriors to aid Troy during the [[Trojan War]], led by [[Pandarus]], son of Lycaon (the latter Lycaon not to be confused with [[Lycaon (Troy)|Lycaon, son of Priam]]. It is later related that the people of Zeleia are "Lycians", though the Zeleians are distinct from the Lycians who come from [[Lycia]] in southwestern [[Asia Minor]], led by [[Sarpedon (Trojan War hero)|Sarpedon]] and [[Glaucus (soldier)|Glaucus]].
'''Zeleia''' ({{lang-grc|Ζέλεια}}) was a town of the [[ancient Troad]], at the foot of [[Mount Ida (Turkey)|Mount Ida]] and on the banks of the river [[Aesepus]], at a distance of 80 [[stadion (unit)|stadia]] from its mouth.<ref name=Strabo>{{Cite Strabo|xii. p.565, xiii. pp. 585, 587, 603}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Stephanus|''s.v.''}}</ref> It is mentioned by [[Homer]] in the [[Trojan Battle Order]] in the ''[[Iliad]]'', and later when Homer calls it a holy town.<ref>{{Cite Iliad|2.824, 4.103}}</ref> Zeleia led a force of warriors to aid Troy during the [[Trojan War]], led by [[Pandarus]], son of Lycaon (the latter Lycaon not to be confused with [[Lycaon (Troy)|Lycaon, son of Priam]]. It is later related that the people of Zeleia are "Lycians", though the Zeleians are distinct from the Lycians who come from [[Lycia]] in southwestern [[Asia Minor]], led by [[Sarpedon (Trojan War hero)|Sarpedon]] and [[Glaucus (soldier)|Glaucus]].

The connection between the 'Lycians' of Zeleia and these Lycians is unknown to most scholars. They were [[Haplogroup R1a|Indo-Europeans]], descendants of ancient [[Luwians|Lud (Luddu, Luvians)]], of which the later denominations [[Lydia]] and [[Lycia]] developed. They were neighbors of the [[Thracians|Troiki (Thracians)]] and [[Phrygians|Frygii (Phrygians)]], of the [[Hellenes]] and also of the [[Aryan]] [[Carians|Karya (Kares, Carians)]], who also together with peoples from East-Africa populated Crete forming its [[Minoan civilization]]. Aryan names in Minoan [[Linear A]] were found on amber talismans in Boio-Aria, east of Valacia (Ingolstadt),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tracesofevil.com/1999/12/the-bavarian-troy.html|title=The Bavarian Troy|publisher=David Heath}}</ref> nearby also the [[Golden Cone of Ezelsdorf-Buch]] was excavated.
They were of the proto-Slavic [[Adriatic Eneti|Eneti]] (the later [[Heneti]], [[Adriatic Veneti|Veneti]] and [[Vindelici]] ([[Slovenes]] also known as "Windische"), [[Venedi]], [[Wends]]…) and closely related to the [[Etruscans|Raśni (Etruscans)]], to the [[Saka|Śaka]] ([[Scythians]]) & [[Sarmatians]] and last not least to their closest neighbors the [[Thracians|Troiki (Thracians)]] and [[Phrygians|Frygii (Brygii, Phrygians)]] - descendants of the [[Bryges]] of the [[Classification of Thracian|Thraco]]-[[Dacians|Daco]]-[[Scythia Minor|Scythian]] group from the [[Balkans]]. The original ancient selfdomination [[Luwians|Lud (Luddu, Luwians)]] ''[[:wikt:lud|lud]]'' means ''the people'' and, along with many other archaic words, is still used in its original form in almost all [[Slavic languages]]. The [[Indo-Aryan migrations|Aryan connection]] via [[Mitanni]], [[Media (region)|Media]] and the [[Iranian Plateau]] was the early part of the [[Silk Road]] and the [[Danube]] provided trade connections with [[Boii|Boio-Aria (Bavaria)]]. Some routes of the [[Amber Road]] connecting the Baltic [[Venedi]] with the [[Ancient Egypt]] ran through Lycian territory, although they were controlled by the European branch of the Arya (not to be confused with the German term [[Master race|Aryan/Arier]]) known for their [[Golden hat|Golden Hats]] of their [[Chakravarti (Sanskrit term)|Čakravartin (Kołodzieje)]] and by their relatives of [[Arzawa]] and [[Caria|Karia (Caria)]], by their [[List of Phoenician cities|Pani (Punic, Phoenician)]] merchants (after whom also [[Pannonia]] may be named) and later also by their royal Scythian and Sarmatian guards, e.g. the [[Siraces|Syracy (Siraces)]], who had their trading colonies in [[Syria]], [[Beit She'an|Scythopolis]] ([[Galilea]]) and on [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]].


[[Arrian]] mentions it as the head-quarters of the [[ancient Persia|Persian]] army before the [[Battle of the Granicus]], in May 334&nbsp;BCE, where the [[Persia]]n [[satrap]]s held a council at Zeleia where they discussed how best to confront [[Alexander the Great]].<ref>[[Arrian]] ''[[Anabasis Alexandri]]'' 1.13</ref> It existed in the time of Strabo; but afterwards it disappears.<ref name=Strabo/>
[[Arrian]] mentions it as the head-quarters of the [[ancient Persia|Persian]] army before the [[Battle of the Granicus]], in May 334&nbsp;BCE, where the [[Persia]]n [[satrap]]s held a council at Zeleia where they discussed how best to confront [[Alexander the Great]].<ref>[[Arrian]] ''[[Anabasis Alexandri]]'' 1.13</ref> It existed in the time of Strabo; but afterwards it disappears.<ref name=Strabo/>

Revision as of 17:01, 30 December 2021

Zeleia (Template:Lang-grc) was a town of the ancient Troad, at the foot of Mount Ida and on the banks of the river Aesepus, at a distance of 80 stadia from its mouth.[1][2] It is mentioned by Homer in the Trojan Battle Order in the Iliad, and later when Homer calls it a holy town.[3] Zeleia led a force of warriors to aid Troy during the Trojan War, led by Pandarus, son of Lycaon (the latter Lycaon not to be confused with Lycaon, son of Priam. It is later related that the people of Zeleia are "Lycians", though the Zeleians are distinct from the Lycians who come from Lycia in southwestern Asia Minor, led by Sarpedon and Glaucus.

Arrian mentions it as the head-quarters of the Persian army before the Battle of the Granicus, in May 334 BCE, where the Persian satraps held a council at Zeleia where they discussed how best to confront Alexander the Great.[4] It existed in the time of Strabo; but afterwards it disappears.[1]

Arthmios (Template:Lang-grc, Aryan-Luvian meaning truly mine or my perfect one) of Zeleia together with his family, was declared an outlaw in the territory of Athens and her allies, because he had brought the gold from Persian Empire into Peloponnese.[5] Nicagoras (Template:Lang-grc) of Zeleia, was a tyrant of Zeleia.[6]

The site of ancient Zeleia is located near Sarıköy, Anatolia.[7][8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Strabo. Geographica. Vol. xii. p.565, xiii. pp. 585, 587, 603. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  2. ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v.
  3. ^ Homer. Iliad. Vol. 2.824, 4.103.
  4. ^ Arrian Anabasis Alexandri 1.13
  5. ^ Plutarch, Life of Themistocles, §6
  6. ^ Athenaeus, Deipnosophists, §7.288
  7. ^ Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 56, and directory notes accompanying. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9.
  8. ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Zeleia". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

40°12′13″N 27°35′42″E / 40.2035643°N 27.5950731°E / 40.2035643; 27.5950731

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