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| cover = Whitney Houston - I'm Every Woman.jpg
| cover = Whitney Houston - I'm Every Woman.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Standard artwork ([[North American]] edition)
| caption = Standard artwork (U.S. edition)
| type = single
| type = single
| artist = [[Whitney Houston]]
| artist = [[Whitney Houston]]
| album = [[The Bodyguard (soundtrack)|The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album]]
| album = [[The Bodyguard (soundtrack)|The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album]]
| B-side = Who Do You Love
| B-side = Who Do You Love
| released = {{start date|1993|01|2}}
| released = January 2, 1993
| recorded = March{{snd}}May 1992
| recorded = March{{snd}}May 1992
| studio =
| studio =
| venue =
| venue =
| genre = {{hlist|[[Dance-pop]]|[[House music|house]]|[[diva house]]{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}}}
| genre = {{hlist|[[Dance-pop]]|[[house music|house]]}}
| length = {{duration|m=4|s=45}}
| length = 4:47
| label = [[Arista Records|Arista]]
| label = [[Arista Records|Arista]]
| writer = {{hlist|[[Ashford & Simpson|Nickolas Ashford]]|[[Ashford & Simpson|Valerie Simpson]]}}
| writer = {{hlist|Nickolas Ashford|Valerie Simpson}}
| producer = {{hlist|[[Narada Michael Walden]]|[[Robert Clivillés]]|[[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]]}}
| producer = {{hlist|[[Narada Michael Walden]]|[[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]]|[[Robert Clivillés]]}}
| prev_title = [[I Will Always Love You#Whitney Houston version|I Will Always Love You]]
| prev_title = [[I Will Always Love You#Whitney Houston version|I Will Always Love You]]
| prev_year = 1992
| prev_year = 1992
Line 129: Line 129:
}}
}}


American singer [[Whitney Houston]] recorded a [[cover version]] of "I'm Every Woman" for the [[The Bodyguard (soundtrack)|soundtrack]] to the 1992 film ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]'', in which Houston also stars. It was produced by [[Narada Michael Walden]], with additional production by [[Robert Clivillés]] and [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]], and released as the album's second [[Single (music)|single]] on January 2, 1993, by [[Arista Records]]. Her version adds the introduction "Whatever you want, whatever you need..." where Houston contributed to the song. Contrary to popular belief, Houston did not perform backing vocals on [[Chaka Khan]]'s original 1978 version. Khan confirmed this in an interview with [[Lester Holt]] in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|last=Holt|first=Lester|title=Chaka Khan: Whitney like a sister|url=http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/26184891/vp/46358465#46358465|work=NBC Today Show|publisher=NBC|access-date=February 12, 2012}}{{dead link|date=November 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> As a tribute to her, however, Houston proclaims Khan's name towards the end of the song. A live performance was included in the 1999 home release ''[[Divas Live '99]]'' as a [[duet]] with Khan. A [[Whitney: The Concert for a New South Africa|1994 live performance]] was included on the 2014 [[CD]] and [[DVD]] release, ''[[Whitney Houston Live: Her Greatest Performances]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/live-her-greatest-performances-mw0002759110|title=Live: Her Greatest Performances|author=Andy Kellman|work=AllMusic}}</ref>
American singer and actress [[Whitney Houston]] recorded "I'm Every Woman" for ''[[The Bodyguard (soundtrack)|The Bodyguard]]'' soundtrack. Houston's version was produced by [[Narada Michael Walden]], with additional production by [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]] and [[Robert Clivillés]]. It was released as Houston's second single from the soundtrack on January 2, 1993 by [[Arista Records]]. Her version adds the introduction "Whatever you want, whatever you need..." where Houston contributed to the song. A live performance was included in the 1999 release ''[[Divas Live '99]]'' as a duet with Chaka Khan. A 1994 performance was included on the 2014 CD and DVD release, ''[[Whitney Houston Live: Her Greatest Performances]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/live-her-greatest-performances-mw0002759110|title=Live: Her Greatest Performances|author=Andy Kellman|work=AllMusic}}</ref>


===Release===
When "I'm Every Woman" was released, Houston's previous single, a cover version of [[Dolly Parton]]'s "[[I Will Always Love You#Whitney Houston version|I Will Always Love You]]", was still at number one on the US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart (it remained there for eight more weeks). Houston's version of "I'm Every Woman" peaked at number four on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 in just its seventh and eighth week of release, remaining in the [[top 40]] for 19 weeks. It became a number one hit on the US [[Dance Club Songs]] chart,<ref>{{cite book |title= Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=124}}</ref> reached number five on the US [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart,<ref>{{cite book |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=263}}</ref> and cracked the top 40 on the US [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Adult Contemporary]] chart. Houston's cover was also a bigger international hit than the original version as it peaked within the top-five in the United Kingdom and several other countries, and the top 20 in Australia, France, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Houston was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance|Best Female R&B Vocal Performance]] with this song at the [[36th Annual Grammy Awards]], losing to [[Toni Braxton]]'s "[[Another Sad Love Song]]".
When "I'm Every Woman" was released, Houston's preceding single, "[[I Will Always Love You (Whitney Houston version)|I Will Always Love You]]," was still at number one on the US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] (it remained there for eight more weeks). Houston's version of "I'm Every Woman" peaked at number four on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 in just its seventh and eighth week of release; remaining in the top 40 for nineteen weeks. The song became number one on the [[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']] [[Hot Dance Club Songs|Hot Dance Club Play]] chart,<ref>{{cite book |title= Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=124}}</ref> reached number five on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart,<ref>{{cite book |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=263}}</ref> and cracked the top 40 on the [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks]] chart. Houston's cover was also a bigger international hit than the original version as it peaked within the top 5 in the UK and several other countries, and the top 20 in France, Australia, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Contrary to popular belief, Houston did not perform backing vocals on Khan's original 1978 version. Chaka Khan confirmed this in an interview with Lester Holt in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|last=Holt|first=Lester|title=Chaka Khan: Whitney like a sister|url=http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/26184891/vp/46358465#46358465|work=NBC Today Show|publisher=NBC|access-date=February 12, 2012}}{{dead link|date=November 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> As a tribute to her, however, Houston proclaims Khan's name towards the end of the song.


===Critical reception===
===Critical reception===
[[AllMusic]] [[Managing editor|senior editor]] [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] praised the song, stating that it's a "first-rate" [[Urban contemporary music|urban]] [[Pop music|pop]] song "that skillfully capture[s] Houston at her best."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-bodyguard-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000180918|title=The Bodyguard [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]|author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine}}</ref> [[Larry Flick]] from ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' wrote, "Utilizing the original version's instantly recognizable vocal arrangement, Houston belts with unbridled confidence and power."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Larry |last= Flick |title= Single Reviews |magazine= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date= January 23, 1993 |page= 80 |access-date= October 26, 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1993/BB-1993-01-23.pdf |author-link= Larry Flick}}</ref> Randy Clark from ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox]]'' called it a "[[Dance music|dance]]-inspired tune", noting "its discotheque feel and obvious dance floor appeal". He added, "Although Whitney is the strongest aspect of this song, the combination of her voice and the [[House music|house]] jam should launch this track high onto various charts and playlists alike."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Randy |last= Clark |title= Music Reviews: Singles |magazine= [[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox]] |date= January 23, 1993 |page= 5 |access-date= November 1, 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/90s/1993/CB-1993-01-23.pdf}}</ref> A reviewer on [[CD Universe]] said the singer "continues to mine her rich vein of ornate [[ballad]]ry and pop-flavored dance workouts on the [[Ashford & Simpson]] original".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=1110178&style=music&fulldesc=T|title=Bodyguard Soundtrack CD Album|website=Cduniverse.com|access-date=October 20, 2021}}</ref>
[[AllMusic]] editor [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] praised the song, stating that it's a "first-rate" urban [[pop music|pop]] song "that skillfully capture[s] Houston at her best."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-bodyguard-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000180918|title=The Bodyguard [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]|author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine}}</ref> [[Larry Flick]] from ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' wrote, "Utilizing the original version's instantly recognizable vocal arrangement, Houston belts with unbridled confidence and power."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Larry |last= Flick |title= Single Reviews |magazine= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date= January 23, 1993 |page= 80 |access-date= October 26, 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1993/BB-1993-01-23.pdf |author-link= Larry Flick}}</ref> Randy Clark from ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox]]'' called it a "[[electronic dance music|dance]]-inspired tune", noting "its discotheque feel and obvious dance floor appeal". He added, "Although Whitney is the strongest aspect of this song, the combination of her voice and the [[house music|house]] jam should launch this track high onto various charts and playlists alike."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Randy |last= Clark |title= Music Reviews: Singles |magazine= [[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox]] |date= January 23, 1993 |page= 5 |access-date= November 1, 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/90s/1993/CB-1993-01-23.pdf}}</ref> A reviewer on [[CD Universe]] said the singer "continues to mine her rich vein of ornate [[ballad]]ry and pop-flavored dance workouts on the [[Ashford & Simpson]] original".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=1110178&style=music&fulldesc=T|title=Bodyguard Soundtrack CD Album|website=Cduniverse.com|access-date=October 20, 2021}}</ref>


Also ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''{{'}}s Amy Linden praised the cover, adding, "Just as triumphant is her tackling of Chaka Khan's signature tune, ''I'm Every Woman''. To take on another diva's material requires the female equivalent of [[cojones]], and Houston (wisely) doesn't muck around with the original's overall tone or arrangement. But she sure does it justice, even adding a sly ''Chaka'' shout-out as the cut fades."<ref>{{cite web|first=Amy|last=Linden|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312588,00.html|title=The Bodyguard (soundtrack) - EW.com|work=Entertainment Weekly's EW.com}}</ref> Alan Jones from ''[[Music Week]]'' stated that the singer "does her best to xerox the performance of Chaka Khan."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Alan |last= Jones |title= Market Preview: Mainstream - Singles |magazine= [[Music Week]] |date= February 6, 1993 |page= 10 |access-date= March 24, 2021 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1993/Music-Week-1993-02-06.pdf}}</ref> [[Stephen Holden]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "Though not as exuberantly sexy as the original, her version of Chaka Khan's 1978 hit, ''I'm Every Woman'', is a respectable imitation."<ref>{{cite web|first=Stephen|last=Holden|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/20/arts/record-brief-944292.html|title=RECORD BRIEF|date=December 20, 1992|work=[[The New York Times]]|author-link=Stephen Holden}}</ref> A writer from ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' called the rendition an overwrought remake and added that Whitney undermined her [[Soul music|soul]] roots.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/whitney-houston/albumguide|title=Whitney Houston: Album Guide &#124; Rolling Stone Music|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=March 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324201944/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/whitney-houston/albumguide|access-date=October 20, 2021|archive-date=March 24, 2014}}</ref> ''[[USA Today]]'' complimented the song, "She adds surprises: Chaka Khan's ''I'm Every Woman'' becomes sweaty house music."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whitney-fan.com/music/reviews/36/65|title=The Bodyguard Soundtrack|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004042556/http://www.whitney-fan.com/music/reviews/36/65|archive-date=October 4, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
Also ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''{{'}}s Amy Linden praised the cover, adding, "Just as triumphant is her tackling of [[Chaka Khan]]'s signature tune, I'm Every Woman. To take on another diva's material requires the female equivalent of cojones, and Houston (wisely) doesn't muck around with the original's overall tone or arrangement. But she sure does it justice, even adding a sly ''Chaka'' shout-out as the cut fades."<ref>{{cite web|first=Amy|last=Linden|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312588,00.html|title=The Bodyguard (soundtrack) - EW.com|work=Entertainment Weekly's EW.com}}</ref> Alan Jones from ''[[Music Week]]'' stated that the singer "does her best to xerox the performance of Chaka Khan."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Alan |last= Jones |title= Market Preview: Mainstream - Singles |magazine= [[Music Week]] |date= February 6, 1993 |page= 10 |access-date= March 24, 2021 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1993/Music-Week-1993-02-06.pdf}}</ref> [[Stephen Holden]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "Though not as exuberantly sexy as the original, her version of Chaka Khan's 1978 hit, "I'm Every Woman," is a respectable imitation."<ref>{{cite web|first=Stephen|last=Holden|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/20/arts/record-brief-944292.html|title=RECORD BRIEF|date=December 20, 1992|work=[[The New York Times]]|author-link=Stephen Holden}}</ref> A writer from ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' called the rendition an overwrought remake and added that Whitney undermined her [[soul music|soul]] roots.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/whitney-houston/albumguide|title=Whitney Houston: Album Guide &#124; Rolling Stone Music|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=March 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324201944/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/whitney-houston/albumguide|access-date=October 20, 2021|archive-date=March 24, 2014}}</ref> ''[[USA Today]]'' complimented the song, "She adds surprises: Chaka Khan's I'm Every Woman becomes sweaty house music."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whitney-fan.com/music/reviews/36/65|title=The Bodyguard Soundtrack|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004042556/http://www.whitney-fan.com/music/reviews/36/65|archive-date=October 4, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref>


===Music video===
===Music video===
The accompanying [[music video]] for "I'm Every Woman" was directed by Randee St. Nicholas and features a very pregnant Houston performing the song, while scenes from ''The Bodyguard'' are intercut into the clip. The video also features cameo appearances by Houston's mother [[Cissy Houston|Cissy]] as well as by Chaka Khan, Valerie Simpson of Ashford & Simpson, and labelmate, [[girl group]] [[TLC (group)|TLC]]. The video won Houston a [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video]] at the [[26th NAACP Image Awards]] ceremony.
The accompanying [[music video]] was directed by Randee St. Nicholas, and features a very pregnant Houston performing the song, while scenes from ''[[The Bodyguard (1992 film)|The Bodyguard]]'' are intercut into the clip. The video also features cameo appearances by Houston's mother [[Cissy Houston]] as well as by [[Chaka Khan]], [[Valerie Simpson]] and labelmate [[TLC (group)|TLC]]. The song won Houston a [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video]], and received a [[Grammy Award]] nomination in 1994 for [[Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance|Best Female R&B Vocal Performance]].


===Track listing and formats===
===Track listings and formats===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{col-2}}
* '''[[CD single]]'''
* '''CD single'''
#"I'm Every Woman" – 4:45
#"I'm Every Woman" – 4:45
#"[[I'm Your Baby Tonight#Track listing|Who Do You Love]]" – 3:55
#"Who Do You Love" – 3:55


* '''European CD [[maxi-single]]'''
* '''European CD maxi-single'''
#"I'm Every Woman" (7" single) – 4:44
#"I'm Every Woman" (7" single) – 4:44
#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
#"I'm Every Woman" (A cappella Mix) – 4:27
#"I'm Every Woman" ([[a cappella]] Mix) – 4:27


* '''UK CD maxi-single'''
* '''UK CD maxi-single'''
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#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
#"I'm Every Woman" (A cappella Mix) – 4:27
#"I'm Every Woman" (a cappella Mix) – 4:27
{{col-2}}
{{col-2}}
* '''US CD maxi-single'''
* '''US CD maxi-single'''
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix Radio Edit) – 4:40
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix Radio Edit) – 4:40
#"I'm Every Woman" – 4:45
#"I'm Every Woman" (album version) – 4:45
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix I) – 10:37
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#"Who Do You Love" – 3:55
#"Who Do You Love" – 3:55


* '''US [[Twelve-inch single|12"]] maxi-single'''
* '''US 12" maxi-single'''
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's House/Club Mix) – 10:14
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
#"I'm Every Woman" (Every Woman's Beat) – 4:11
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#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix II) – 10:54
#"I'm Every Woman" (Clivillés & Cole House Mix II) – 10:54
#"I'm Every Woman" (The C & C Dub) – 10:03
#"I'm Every Woman" (The C & C Dub) – 10:03
#"I'm Every Woman" (A cappella Mix) – 4:27
#"I'm Every Woman" (a cappella Mix) – 4:27
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


=== Credits and personnel ===
=== Credits and personnel ===
<!-- Adapted from The Bodyguard OST liner notes -->
<!-- Adapted from The Bodyguard OST liner notes -->
* Lead vocals by Whitney Houston
* Performed by Whitney Houston
* Produced by [[Narada Michael Walden]]
* Produced by [[Narada Michael Walden]]
* Additional production and [[remix]] by [[Robert Clivillés]] and [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]]
* Additional production and remix by [[Robert Clivilles]] and [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]]
* Vocal arrangement inspired by Chaka Khan
* Vocal arrangement inspired by [[Chaka Khan]]
* Additional vocal arrangement and production by Robert Clivillés David and Cole
* Additional vocal arrangement and production by Robert Clivilles and David Cole
* [[Roland TR-909]] Programming by [[Louis Biancaniello]], James Alfano and Chauncey Mahan
* [[Roland TR-909]] Programming by [[Louis Biancaniello]], James Alfano and Chauncey Mahan
* Recording engineers&nbsp;– Matt Rohr, Marc Reyburn
* Recording engineers&nbsp;– Matt Rohr, Marc Reyburn
Line 341: Line 342:
| style="text-align:center;"|39
| style="text-align:center;"|39
|-
|-
|US Dance Club Songs (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/854540 |title=Billboard.BIZ |publisher=Billboard.BIZ |date=1993-12-31 |access-date=January 11, 2012}}</ref>
|US Dance/Club-Play Singles (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/854540 |title=Billboard.BIZ |publisher=Billboard.BIZ |date=1993-12-31 |access-date=January 11, 2012}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|10
| style="text-align:center;"|10
|-
|-
|US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/854533 |title=Billboard.BIZ |publisher=Billboard.BIZ |date=1993-12-31 |access-date=January 11, 2012}}</ref>
|US R&B Singles (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/854533 |title=Billboard.BIZ |publisher=Billboard.BIZ |date=1993-12-31 |access-date=January 11, 2012}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|35
| style="text-align:center;"|35
|}
|}


====Certifications and sales====
====Certifications====
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
! Region
! Region
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{{Whitney Houston Singles}}
{{Whitney Houston Singles}}
{{NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video}}
{{NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video}}
{{The Bodyguard (soundtrack)}}

{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


Revision as of 02:22, 5 January 2022

"I'm Every Woman"
Standard artwork (US edition pictured)
Single by Chaka Khan
from the album Chaka
ReleasedSeptember 26, 1978
Recorded1978
GenreDisco
Length
  • 4:07 (album version)
  • 3:42 (single edit)
LabelWarner Bros.
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)Arif Mardin
Chaka Khan singles chronology
"I'm Every Woman"
(1978) 		"Life Is a Dance"
(1978)
Music video
"I'm Every Woman" on YouTube

"I'm Every Woman" is the debut solo single by American singer Chaka Khan from her debut solo studio album Chaka (1978). It was Khan's first hit outside her recordings with the funk band Rufus. "I'm Every Woman" was produced by Arif Mardin and written by the successful songwriting team Nickolas Ashford and Valerie Simpson. The single established Chaka's career outside the group Rufus, whom she would leave after their eighth studio album Masterjam was released in late 1979.

The track was remixed and re-released in 1989 for Khan's remix album Life Is a Dance: The Remix Project; this mix reached number 8 in the United Kingdom. American singer Whitney Houston covered the song in 1992 with production by David Cole and Robert Clivillés and vocals produced by Narada Michael Walden. It was a major hit, peaking at number four on both the Billboard Hot 100 and the UK Singles Chart.

Chart performance

In the United States, "I'm Every Woman" reached number twenty-one on the Billboard Hot 100, number one on the Hot Soul Singles,[1] and number thirty on the disco chart.[2] In the United Kingdom, it peaked at number eleven.

Music video

A music video was produced for Khan's version of "I'm Every Woman" at a time when the value of promotional films was increasing. The video, which features five dancing Chakas dressed in various outfits to represent "every woman," was made a few years before the onset of mainstream coverage of "music promos" through such outlets as MTV, VH1, and BET.

Charts

Credits and personnel

Whitney Houston version

"I'm Every Woman"
Standard artwork (U.S. edition)
Single by Whitney Houston
from the album The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album
B-side"Who Do You Love"
ReleasedJanuary 2, 1993
RecordedMarch – May 1992
Genre
Length4:47
LabelArista
Songwriter(s)
  • Nickolas Ashford
  • Valerie Simpson
Producer(s)
Whitney Houston singles chronology
"I Will Always Love You"
(1992) 		"I'm Every Woman"
(1993) 		"I Have Nothing"
(1993)
Music video
"I'm Every Woman" on YouTube

American singer and actress Whitney Houston recorded "I'm Every Woman" for The Bodyguard soundtrack. Houston's version was produced by Narada Michael Walden, with additional production by David Cole and Robert Clivillés. It was released as Houston's second single from the soundtrack on January 2, 1993 by Arista Records. Her version adds the introduction "Whatever you want, whatever you need..." where Houston contributed to the song. A live performance was included in the 1999 release Divas Live '99 as a duet with Chaka Khan. A 1994 performance was included on the 2014 CD and DVD release, Whitney Houston Live: Her Greatest Performances.[17]

Release

When "I'm Every Woman" was released, Houston's preceding single, "I Will Always Love You," was still at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 (it remained there for eight more weeks). Houston's version of "I'm Every Woman" peaked at number four on the Billboard Hot 100 in just its seventh and eighth week of release; remaining in the top 40 for nineteen weeks. The song became number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart,[18] reached number five on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart,[19] and cracked the top 40 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. Houston's cover was also a bigger international hit than the original version as it peaked within the top 5 in the UK and several other countries, and the top 20 in France, Australia, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Contrary to popular belief, Houston did not perform backing vocals on Khan's original 1978 version. Chaka Khan confirmed this in an interview with Lester Holt in 2012.[20] As a tribute to her, however, Houston proclaims Khan's name towards the end of the song.

Critical reception

AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised the song, stating that it's a "first-rate" urban pop song "that skillfully capture[s] Houston at her best."[21] Larry Flick from Billboard wrote, "Utilizing the original version's instantly recognizable vocal arrangement, Houston belts with unbridled confidence and power."[22] Randy Clark from Cashbox called it a "dance-inspired tune", noting "its discotheque feel and obvious dance floor appeal". He added, "Although Whitney is the strongest aspect of this song, the combination of her voice and the house jam should launch this track high onto various charts and playlists alike."[23] A reviewer on CD Universe said the singer "continues to mine her rich vein of ornate balladry and pop-flavored dance workouts on the Ashford & Simpson original".[24]

Also Entertainment Weekly's Amy Linden praised the cover, adding, "Just as triumphant is her tackling of Chaka Khan's signature tune, I'm Every Woman. To take on another diva's material requires the female equivalent of cojones, and Houston (wisely) doesn't muck around with the original's overall tone or arrangement. But she sure does it justice, even adding a sly Chaka shout-out as the cut fades."[25] Alan Jones from Music Week stated that the singer "does her best to xerox the performance of Chaka Khan."[26] Stephen Holden of The New York Times wrote, "Though not as exuberantly sexy as the original, her version of Chaka Khan's 1978 hit, "I'm Every Woman," is a respectable imitation."[27] A writer from Rolling Stone called the rendition an overwrought remake and added that Whitney undermined her soul roots.[28] USA Today complimented the song, "She adds surprises: Chaka Khan's I'm Every Woman becomes sweaty house music."[29]

Music video

The accompanying music video was directed by Randee St. Nicholas, and features a very pregnant Houston performing the song, while scenes from The Bodyguard are intercut into the clip. The video also features cameo appearances by Houston's mother Cissy Houston as well as by Chaka Khan, Valerie Simpson and labelmate TLC. The song won Houston a NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video, and received a Grammy Award nomination in 1994 for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance.

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

  • Performed by Whitney Houston
  • Produced by Narada Michael Walden
  • Additional production and remix by Robert Clivilles and David Cole
  • Vocal arrangement inspired by Chaka Khan
  • Additional vocal arrangement and production by Robert Clivilles and David Cole
  • Roland TR-909 Programming by Louis Biancaniello, James Alfano and Chauncey Mahan
  • Recording engineers – Matt Rohr, Marc Reyburn
  • Additional production recording engineers – Acar S. Key, Richard Joseph
  • Mixing engineer – Bob Rosa

Charts and certifications

Other versions

After the popularity of the Whitney Houston version, The Oprah Winfrey Show unveiled its "I'm Every Woman" campaign in the 1993–94 season, using a cover version with remade lyrics in promos[83] and an instrumental rendition used as the theme song. Girls Aloud covered "I'm Every Woman" on the UK Discomania album released in 2004.[84] In 2006, it was recorded in the fifth season of American Idol by Mandisa, and put on the album American Idol Season 5: Encores.[85] Country pop singer and songwriter Taylor Swift also recorded the song when she was trying to get a record label.[86]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003. Record Research. p. 144.
  3. ^ "Chaka Khan: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company.
  4. ^ "Chaka Khan Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
  5. ^ "Chaka Khan Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard.
  6. ^ "Kent Music Report No 247 – 19 March 1979 > National Top 100 Singles". Kent Music Report. Retrieved September 16, 2020 – via Imgur.com. N.B. David Kent's Australian Chart Book 1970–1992, which is often cited for Australian chart peaks prior to mid-1988, contains the wrong peak for this single.
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