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=== Production ===
=== Production ===
The contract for preparing, dispatching up to 16 million paper questionnaire packs (for anyone who does not want to, or cannot access the census online), and then securely managing, capturing and digitising the responses was awarded to [[Leidos|Leidos Innovations UK]]. The contract was estimated to be worth around £65.1m.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leidos to support the 2021 Census for England, Wales and Northern Ireland|url=https://www.leidos.com/insights/leidos-support-2021-census-england-wales-and-northern-ireland|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Leidos|language=en}}</ref> The parent company of Leidos Innovations UK, Leidos (an American defence, aviation, information technology, and biomedical research company), merged with Lockheed Martin's IT sector in August 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lockheed Martin Successfully Closes Transaction to Separate and Combine IT and Technical Services Businesses with Leidos|url=https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2016-08-16-Lockheed-Martin-Successfully-Closes-Transaction-to-Separate-and-Combine-IT-and-Technical-Services-Businesses-with-Leidos|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Media - Lockheed Martin|language=en-us}}</ref> [[Lockheed Martin UK]] was awarded the contract for the census in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Martin|first=Lockheed|title=UK's Office For National Statistics And Lockheed Martin UK Successfully Deliver UK Census|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/uks-office-for-national-statistics-and-lockheed-martin-uk-successfully-deliver-uk-census-166253946.html|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Prnewswire.com|language=en}}</re
The contract for preparing, dispatching up to 16 million paper questionnaire packs (for anyone who does not want to, or cannot access the census online), and then securely managing, capturing and digitising the responses was awarded to [[Leidos|Leidos Innovations UK]]. The contract was estimated to be worth around £65.1m.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leidos to support the 2021 Census for England, Wales and Northern Ireland|url=https://www.leidos.com/insights/leidos-support-2021-census-england-wales-and-northern-ireland|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Leidos|language=en}}</ref> The parent company of Leidos Innovations UK, Leidos (an American defence, aviation, information technology, and biomedical research company), merged with Lockheed Martin's IT sector in August 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lockheed Martin Successfully Closes Transaction to Separate and Combine IT and Technical Services Businesses with Leidos|url=https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2016-08-16-Lockheed-Martin-Successfully-Closes-Transaction-to-Separate-and-Combine-IT-and-Technical-Services-Businesses-with-Leidos|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Media - Lockheed Martin|language=en-us}}</ref> [[Lockheed Martin UK]] was awarded the contract for the census in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Martin|first=Lockheed|title=UK's Office For National Statistics And Lockheed Martin UK Successfully Deliver UK Census|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/uks-office-for-national-statistics-and-lockheed-martin-uk-successfully-deliver-uk-census-166253946.html|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Prnewswire.com|language=en}}</ref>
[[The Adecco Group|Adecco UK]] was contracted by ONS to recruit, train and administer the pay for the 30,000 temporary ONS workers who will be working as field staff for the 2021 census.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Group|first=The Adecco|title=The ONS Appoints the Adecco Group UK&I to Staff the 2021 Census Team|url=https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/the-ons-appoints-the-adecco-group-uk-amp-i-to-staff-the-2021-census-team-868878017.html|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Prnewswire.co.uk|language=en}}</ref>
[[The Adecco Group|Adecco UK]] was contracted by ONS to recruit, train and administer the pay for the 30,000 temporary ONS workers who will be working as field staff for the 2021 census.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Group|first=The Adecco|title=The ONS Appoints the Adecco Group UK&I to Staff the 2021 Census Team|url=https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/the-ons-appoints-the-adecco-group-uk-amp-i-to-staff-the-2021-census-team-868878017.html|access-date=13 February 2021|website=Prnewswire.co.uk|language=en}}</ref>


Revision as of 20:23, 24 February 2022

Census 2021
← 2011 21 March 2021 2031 →
File:UK Census 2021 logo.png
General information
CountryUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Authority
Websitecensus.gov.uk

On Sunday 21 March 2021, the decennial 2021 censuses of England and Wales and of Northern Ireland took place. The census of Scotland is planned to take place in 2022. The censuses were administered by the Office of National Statistics (ONS) in England and Wales, by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) in Northern Ireland,[1] and by the National Records of Scotland in Scotland. These were the first British censuses for which most of the data was gathered online,[2][3] and two of them went ahead despite the COVID-19 pandemic, in part because the information obtained will assist government and public understanding of the pandemic's impact.[4] Enumeration in Scotland was postponed, and is planned to take place in 2022, the plans for it having been delayed because of the pandemic.[5]

The censuses in 2021 and 2022 come off the back of Beyond 2011, a project by the UK Statistics Authority to assess the value, cost, and alternatives to a census in 2021. The project recommended a census in 2021, and amongst others, suggested it be run online.[3]

Background

An explanation by Mark Drakeford, the First Minister of Wales on how the census results will help to inform the decisions made in Wales and help to make Wales a more equal country.

After the 2011 census both the UK coalition government and the main opposition party, Labour, expressed concerns about the rising costs of the decennial census. There were also concerns about the value of continuing with the traditional approach adopted for the 2011 census. This included whether collection methods were still fit for purpose in a rapidly changing society and whether census outputs, based on a survey conducted every ten years, would continue to meet the increasingly demanding needs of public and private sector users. Emerging technological developments were seen as providing alternative and improved data gathering opportunities. These concerns and opportunities led the UK Government to question if a supplementary or wholly alternative approach to the traditional 10-yearly census was required; more frequent, possibly annual, small-scale surveys could be employed instead.[6]

In 2011, The Beyond 2011 Programme was established to look at alternatives to the traditional census approach. The UK Statistics Authority coordinated the project which was also undertaken by its counterparts in the devolved administrations of Scotland and Northern Ireland.[7]

In 2014, the UK Statistics Authority announced the recommendation from the Beyond 2011 Programme that there should be a decennial-style 2021 census in England and Wales, which in contrast with earlier censuses, would be conducted predominantly through online completion of census forms, supplemented by the further use of administrative and survey data. Existing census gathering methods would be used only as an alternative, where online methods are not feasible.[8] A parallel announcement for Scotland's 2021 census was made by the National Records for Scotland.[9] The ONS Director, Population and Demography Statistics was reported as saying that an estimated 60–65% of household returns would be completed online.[10]

In April 2014, the British House of Commons Public Accounts Committee (PAC) concluded in its report Too soon to scrap the Census, that the 2021 census should go ahead. It has reservations over the lack of investigation into the options for using administrative data and encouraged the UK Government to reassure the public about privacy concerns.[11]

The Minister for the Cabinet Office welcomed the recommendations for a predominantly online 2021 census for England and Wales supplemented by the use of governmental and other administrative data in a letter to the National Statistician in July 2014. He made clear that the Government saw the dual-running decennial national census with administrative data gathering option as a transitional approach and asked the National Statistician to ensure sufficient research is undertaken both prior to and after the 2021 census to find and validate alternative methods to replace the traditional national census and intermediate surveying approach.[12]

Legislation

Under the Census Act 1920, it is for the United Kingdom Government and Parliament to determine the arrangements for census-taking in England and Wales. Parallel legislative procedures will be required in the devolved administrations of Scotland and Northern Ireland. It will be late 2015 at the earliest before regulations are made. Subject to this legislation being passed the census will be conducted on the same day in England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland to ensure coherence and consistency.[7] There is a legal requirement to complete the 2011 census questionnaire, under the terms of the Census Act 1920. As at 21 March 2021 everyone who had lived or intended to live in the country for three months or more was required to complete a questionnaire. Failure to return a completed questionnaire could lead to a fine and criminal record.

In Scotland, the Census (Amendment) (Scotland) Act 2019 makes provisions for voluntary questions about transgender status and sexual orientation to be asked.[13] The Census (Return Particulars and Removal of Penalties) Act 2019 makes the same provision for England and Wales. The sexual orientation question will also be asked in Northern Ireland.[14][15]

Religion

The campaign 'If you're not religious, say so!' by Humanists UK aims to change the wording of the census question on religion. This campaign encourages people that are not religious to tick 'no religion' in order to create a more accurate portrayal of religiousness in the UK.[16] Another campaign by the Climate Census campaign group suggests writing in 'Climate concerned' in response to the religion question, to demand climate action from the government. [17]

On 9 March 2021, a High Court judge ordered that the census online guidance accompanying the 'What is your Sex?' question (in the England and Wales Census and the Northern Ireland Census) should be amended. The order followed a legal campaign by the women's rights group Fair Play for Women,[18][19] which has been described by LGBTQ outlets as being an 'anti-trans' pressure group.[20][21]

Fair Play for Women argued that guidance on the online question was unlawful because it allowed people to use the sex listed on their passport, which can be changed without the person applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate under the Gender Recognition Act 2004. The group said this could lead to 'self-identification' which could distort the data. Some academics criticised what they said was the ONS's confusion between the concepts of sex and gender identity.[22] Other academics supported the design of the census questions.[23][24][25] The Office for National Statistics said it would update the guidance for people to use sex on birth certificates or gender recognition certificates.[19][26][27]

On 17 March 2021, the ONS withdrew from the High Court proceedings, conceding that "what is your sex" refers to sex as recognised by the law, and not gender identity.[28]

In August 2021, National Records of Scotland issued guidelines regarding the Scottish Census that allow the answer given by a transgender person to the "What is your sex?" question to differ from what is on their birth certificate.[29] In response, the Office for Statistics Regulation, a UK-wide watchdog, wrote to National Records of Scotland to question the guidelines.[30]

In November 2021, the Murray Blackburn Mackenzie (MBM) policy collective claimed that documents obtained via the Freedom of Information Act showed that the Equality and Human Rights Commission put "extreme external pressure" on Scottish civil servants including chief statistician Roger Halliday to amend their initial proposals.[31] Fair Play For Women was considering legal action to ensure that census guidance asks for responses to be according to birth certificate or gender recognition certificate.[32]

In December 2021, Fair Play for Women initiated a judicial review of National Records of Scotland guidance regarding the "what is your sex" question. Their advocate is Roddy Dunlop, dean of the Faculty of Advocates.[33] Lord Sandison dismissed the case on 17 February 2022 stating that there was "no general rule or principle of law that a question as to a person's sex may only properly be answered by reference to the sex stated on that person's birth certificate or GRC".[34][35][36]

Census 2021
England and Wales
AreaEngland and Wales
RegistrarProfessor Sir Ian Diamond (as National Statistician) [37][38]
Census day(s)21 March 2021
Issuing organisationONS
Data supplierLeidos Innovations
RehearsalSeptember – December 2019.
Rehearsal AreasCarlisle, Ceredigion, Hackney, Tower Hamlets
Census formsHousehold[37][38] and others

Coordination

The UK Statistics Authority has the responsibility for coordinating the census arrangements across the United Kingdom through the Office for National Statistics (ONS), which is also responsible for the census in England and Wales.

2021 census research

The 2011 UK census was the first decennial census in the United Kingdom to include the option of completing the census documentation online. Across the UK between 15 and 19% of census forms were submitted online.[39][40] The UK Statistics Authority proposed that the 2021 census should be conducted predominantly online (with support provided for those unable to complete the census online), supplemented by the use of administrative and survey data and improve annual statistics between censuses.[7] For the census in 2021 the proposed target for online completion has been set to at least 65%.[41]

Research has been under way since 2011 to design a new census methodology which maximises the success of an online approach.

Research commissioned by the Beyond 2011 programme identified that there were risks associated with over-reliance on administrative data drawn from governmental department sources due to process changes, such as benefits and welfare payments and the necessity to include full access to statistical data as part as proposed legislation affecting administrative programmes. Issues identified also included the accuracy of administrative data sets for geographical areas below that of local authorities, problems associated with estimation and the use of address registers. ONS on behalf of the UK Statistics Authority has taken on board the recommendations of the Skinner Report into methodology work and has proposed three research strands to determine the 'optimum blend' of online census, administrative data and surveying methods for the 2021 census and indeed subsequent censuses.[42]

The UK Statistics Authority has commissioned research strands as part of a Census transformation programme which was due to report by 2017 relating to the 2021 census operation, the shape of population statistics in 2021, and the shape of population statistics beyond 2021 in the lead up to 2031.[43]

Census work programme

A work programme running until 2024, comprising eight phases, was developed by ONS.[44]

  1. Research (ended March 2015)
  2. Design and prototyping (ended December 2016)
  3. Testing (2017)
  4. Development (2018)
  5. Rehearsal (January 2019 – June 2020)
  6. Collection operations (July 2020 – December 2021)
  7. Analysis, output and dissemination (2022–23)
  8. Evaluation / future planning (2023–24)

Alongside this programme trials of statistics generation using administrative data were planned starting from the autumn of 2015 and running through to 2021 with the aim of ranging across the breadth, detail and accuracy of census outputs.

Production

The contract for preparing, dispatching up to 16 million paper questionnaire packs (for anyone who does not want to, or cannot access the census online), and then securely managing, capturing and digitising the responses was awarded to Leidos Innovations UK. The contract was estimated to be worth around £65.1m.[45] The parent company of Leidos Innovations UK, Leidos (an American defence, aviation, information technology, and biomedical research company), merged with Lockheed Martin's IT sector in August 2016.[46] Lockheed Martin UK was awarded the contract for the census in 2011.[47] Adecco UK was contracted by ONS to recruit, train and administer the pay for the 30,000 temporary ONS workers who will be working as field staff for the 2021 census.[48]

Changes from 2011 census

The general style of the questionnaire is similar to that of the 2011 census, although there are some new questions for 2021:

  • Are the respondents ex-armed forces?[49]
  • Voluntary question for 16 and over about sexual orientation.[49]
  • Voluntary question for 16 and over: Is the gender you identify with the same as your sex registered at birth? This is in addition to the compulsory question about respondents' sex.[50]

Advertising

An advertising campaign (made under contract by M&C Saatchi) was launched under the slogan of "it's about us" at the start of 2021. Television adverts have tried to show a diverse range of people in various locations in England and Wales in front of a purple fabric screen, with a cover version of The Zombies' "This Will Be Our Year", performed by Jose McGill & The Vagaband, featuring as the advert soundtrack.[51][52][53]

2021 Census for Northern Ireland

Census 2021
Northern Ireland
AreaNorthern Ireland
RegistrarSiobhán Carey[54]
Census day(s)21 March 2021
Issuing organisationNISRA
Data supplierLeidos Innovations
Rehearsal13 October 2019[55]
Rehearsal AreasRavenhill and Queens (Belfast); Armagh, Banbridge and Craigavon (Craigavon); Fermanagh and Omagh (West Fermanagh) [55]
Census formsHousehold,[54] individual,[56] and others
Website[2]

The Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) undertakes the census in Northern Ireland.[7]

The NISRA has published a report reviewing the 2011 census and other online-orientated censuses abroad and identified the importance of such things as pre-census publicity, the use of a unique internet code or ePin, and a coordinated promotion and follow up process during the census completion period.[39]

2022 Census for Scotland

Census 2022
Scotland
AreaScotland
RegistrarTim Ellis (as Registrar General, Scotland)
Census day(s)20th March 2022
Issuing organisationNRS
Data supplierTBC
Rehearsal AreasDumfries and Galloway, Glasgow City, Whole of Na h-Eileanan Siar
Census formsHousehold,[57]
and others
Website[3]

The National Records of Scotland (NRS) is responsible for the census in Scotland.[58] A rehearsal was conducted on 7 October 2019 and closed for returns on 7 November 2019 in three local authority areas: parts of Glasgow City, Dumfries and Galloway and Na h-Eileanan Siar.[59]

The census was scheduled to take place on 21 March 2021, but was delayed in July 2020 by the Scottish Government because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[60]

Censuses in Crown Dependencies

Although it is a Crown Dependency, and not part of the United Kingdom, Jersey carried out a census on the same day as the 2021 UK census.[61]

Guernsey no longer carries out a decennial census, instead using the Rolling Electronic Census Project to produce regular census reports.[62]

The Isle of Man also undertook a full census in 2021 (having held an interim census in 2016).[63]

References

  1. ^ "2021 Census". Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  2. ^ "About the census". Census 2021. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b "The census and future provision of population statistics in England and Wales: Recommendation from the National Statistician and Chief Executive of the UK Statistics Authority, and the government's response". Office of National Statistics. 27 March 2014. Archived from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  4. ^ Office of National Statistics, The census during the coronavirus pandemic Archived 1 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 30 January 2021
  5. ^ "Coronavirus: Census delayed by a year because of disease". BBC News. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ Background to Beyond 2011 Office for National Statistics website, Ons.gov.uk, Retrieved 30 April 2014
  7. ^ a b c d The census and future provision of population statistics in England and Wales: Recommendation from the National Statistician and Chief Executive of the UK Statistics Authority 27 March 2013, Ons.gov.uk, Accessed 23 April 2014
  8. ^ The census and future provision of population statistics in England and Wales UK Statistics Authority published 27 March 2014, Ons.gov.uk, Accessed 1 April 2014
  9. ^ "Plans for a Census in Scotland in 2021 National Records for Scotland Press Release 27 March 2014". Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  10. ^ Report from ‘Counting the population: the 2021 Census and beyond’ event 1 May 2014 Archived 8 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 7 May 2014
  11. ^ Too soon to scrap the Census – UK Parliament Public Administration Committee Report Published 9 April 2014, Publications.parliament, Accessed 1 May 2014
  12. ^ Beyond 2011 Research Conference 2014: Summary of proceedings – August 2014, Ons.gov.uk, Accessed 31 August 2014
  13. ^ Brooks, Libby (13 June 2019). "Holyrood backs new census questions on transgender identity". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
  14. ^ Cooley, Laurence (2020). "Sexual orientation and the 2021 UK census". European Journal of Politics and Gender. 3 (3): 445–447. doi:10.1332/251510820X15845548424385. ISSN 2515-1088.
  15. ^ Guyan, Kevin (2021). "Constructing a queer population? Asking about sexual orientation in Scotland's 2022 census". Journal of Gender Studies: 1–11. doi:10.1080/09589236.2020.1866513. ISSN 0958-9236.
  16. ^ "If you're not religious, say so! Tick 'No religion' in the 2021 Census". Humanists UK. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  17. ^ "Declare yourself Climate Concerned". Climate Census. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  18. ^ Greenhalgh, Hugo (17 March 2021). "UK gov't concedes defeat to Fair Play For Women in census sex row". Reuters. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  19. ^ a b "Census 2021: Judge orders change to sex question guidance". BBC News. 9 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  20. ^ "Census guidance on sex question to be amended after High Court challenge by anti-trans group". PinkNews - Gay news, reviews and comment from the world's most read lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans news service. 9 March 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  21. ^ "British media is increasingly transphobic. Here's why". Xtra Magazine. 20 January 2021. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  22. ^ Sullivan, A. (2020). "Sex and the census: Why surveys should not conflate sex and gender identity". International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 23 (5): 517–524. doi:10.1080/13645579.2020.1768346. S2CID 219471164.
  23. ^ Fugard, Andi (25 May 2020). "Should trans people be postmodernist in the streets but positivist in the spreadsheets? A reply to Sullivan". International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 23 (5). Informa UK Limited: 525–531. doi:10.1080/13645579.2020.1768343. ISSN 1364-5579.
  24. ^ Hines, Sally (21 May 2020). "Counting the cost of difference: a reply to Sullivan". International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 23 (5). Informa UK Limited: 533–538. doi:10.1080/13645579.2020.1768344. ISSN 1364-5579.
  25. ^ Rodger, Hannah (4 April 2021). "Hundreds of academics back self-ID sex question in Scottish census". HeraldScotland. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  26. ^ "Guidance on sex question in census must be changed, high court rules". the Guardian. 9 March 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  27. ^ Lyons, Izzy (9 March 2021). "Census guidance on how to answer sex question must be rewritten, High Court rules". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  28. ^ Lyons, Izzy (17 March 2021). "ONS backs down on 'what is your sex?' Census legal dispute". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 20 March 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ^ Wade, Mike (1 September 2021). "Gender question on Scottish census 'harms' data". The Times. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  30. ^ Horne, Marc (17 September 2021). "Watchdog queries trans self-identify census plan". The Times. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  31. ^ Watson, Jeremy (4 November 2021). "Equality and Human Rights Commission had 'heavy-handed' influence on gender questions". The Times. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  32. ^ Boothman, John (7 November 2021). "Legal threat to trans-inclusive census". Sunday Times. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
  33. ^ Paterson, Kirsteen (5 December 2021). "Scottish census: Question of meaning of 'sex' heads for court battle". The National. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
  34. ^ Pease, Victoria (17 February 2022). "Legal challenge by women's group over census sex question thrown out". STV (TV channel).
  35. ^ Carrell, Severin (17 February 2022). "Transgender people can self-identify in Scottish census, confirms judge". The Guardian.
  36. ^ "Legal challenge to Scottish census sex question thrown out". BBC News. 17 February 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  37. ^ a b "Census 2021 Household Questionnaire (England)" (PDF). Ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  38. ^ a b "Census 2021 Household Questionnaire (Wales)" (PDF). Ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  39. ^ a b The Future Provision of Census of Population Information for Northern Ireland NISRA Archived 30 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 30 December 2014
  40. ^ 2011 Census: Percentage of individual returns via paper and internet questionnaires in England, Accessed 30 December 2014
  41. ^ Beyond 2011 Research Conference 2014: Summary of proceedings ONS, Accessed 30 December 2014
  42. ^ Beyond 2011: Independent Review of Methodology ONS, Accessed 30 December 2014
  43. ^ FAQ Census Transformation Programme, Accessed 25 January 2015
  44. ^ Planning for 2021 – slides 15/17 – ONS Powerpoint Presentation November 2014, Accessed 30 December 2014
  45. ^ "Leidos to support the 2021 Census for England, Wales and Northern Ireland". Leidos. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  46. ^ "Lockheed Martin Successfully Closes Transaction to Separate and Combine IT and Technical Services Businesses with Leidos". Media - Lockheed Martin. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  47. ^ Martin, Lockheed. "UK's Office For National Statistics And Lockheed Martin UK Successfully Deliver UK Census". Prnewswire.com. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  48. ^ Group, The Adecco. "The ONS Appoints the Adecco Group UK&I to Staff the 2021 Census Team". Prnewswire.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2021. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  49. ^ a b Barton, Cassie (13 February 2021). "Preparing for the 2021 census (England and Wales)". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  50. ^ Barton, Cassie. "Preparing for the 2021 census (England and Wales)" (PDF). Parliament Research.
  51. ^ "The Office for National Statistics: It's about us by M&C Saatchi". The Drum. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  52. ^ Hardy, Ben (12 February 2021). "Norwich band perform in national census advert". Eastern Daily Press. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  53. ^ "M&C Saatchi campaign for 2021 UK census features more than 200 members of public". Campaignlive.co.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  54. ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  55. ^ a b "NISRA - 2019 census rehearsa evaluation" (PDF). Nisra.gov.uk. 2019.
  56. ^ "Request individual access code - Census 2021". census.gov.uk. NISRA. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  57. ^ "Scotlands Census - Question Set" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  58. ^ About Us, National Records of Scotland[1], Accessed 4 October 2018
  59. ^ "Census Rehearsal 2019 | Scotland's Census". Scotlandscensus.gov.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  60. ^ "Coronavirus: Census delayed by a year because of disease". BBC News. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  61. ^ "Census 2021". Government of Jersey. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  62. ^ "Population, Employment and Earnings". States of Guernsey. 31 January 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  63. ^ "Census". Isle of Man Government. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  • Census 2021 – Office of National Statistics website for the 2021 census
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