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| taxon = Pupilla
| taxon = Pupilla
| authority = [[John Fleming (naturalist)|Fleming]], 1828<ref>Fleming J. (1828). ''A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematic arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants''. pp. i-xxxii [= 1-23], 1-565, [1]. Edinburgh. (Bell & Bradfute).</ref>
| authority = [[John Fleming (naturalist)|Fleming]], 1828<ref>Fleming J. (1828). ''A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematic arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants''. pp. i-xxxii [= 1-23], 1-565, [1]. Edinburgh. (Bell & Bradfute).</ref>
|type_species= ''Pupa marginata'' <small>Draparnaud, 1801</small>
|synonyms_ref=
|synonyms=
* ''Glischrus (Pupa)'' <small>Draparnaud, 1801</small>
* † ''Paracoryna'' <small>Flach, 1890</small> (junior synonym)
* ''Pupa'' <small>Draparnaud, 1801</small> (invalid: junior homonym of ''Pupa'' <small>Röding, 1798</small>)
* ''Pupa (Pupilla)'' <small>J. Fleming, 1828</small>
* ''Pupilla (Afripupilla)'' <small>Pilsbry, 1921·</small> accepted, alternate representation
* ''Pupilla (Fragipupilla)'' <small>Schileyko, 1984</small>· accepted, alternate representation
* ''Pupilla (Pupilla)'' <small>J. Fleming, 1828</small>· accepted, alternate representation
* ''Pupilla (Striopupilla)'' <small>Pilsbry, 1921·</small> accepted, alternate representation
* ''Sphyradium (Pupa)'' <small>Draparnaud, 1801</small>
* ''Torquatella'' <small>Held, 1838</small> (junior synonym)
* ''Vertigo (Pupa)'' <small>Draparnaud, 1801</small> (unaccepted combination)
|display_oarents= 3
}}
}}


'''''Pupilla''''' is a [[genus]] of minute air-breathing [[land snail]]s, [[terrestrial molluscs|terrestrial]] [[pulmonate]] [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s or [[micromollusk]]s in the family [[Pupillidae]].
'''''Pupilla''''' is a [[genus]] of minute air-breathing [[land snail]]s, [[terrestrial molluscs|terrestrial]] [[pulmonate]] [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s or [[micromollusk]]s in the family [[Pupillidae]]. <ref name="WoRMS">-MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pupilla J. Fleming, 1828. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426395 on 2022-03-05</ref>


Shells of ''Pupilla'' species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the [[Oligocene]] until the [[Holocene]] period.<ref>{{in lang|cs}} Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001). ''Encyklopedie zkamenělin''. Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 125.</ref>
Shells of ''Pupilla'' species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the [[Oligocene]] until the [[Holocene]] period.<ref>{{in lang|cs}} Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001). ''Encyklopedie zkamenělin''. Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 125.</ref>
Line 53: Line 68:
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* Flach, K. (1890). Palaeontologische Beiträge. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-Medicinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, Neue Folge. 24(3): 49-59, pl. 1.
* Schileyko, A. A. (1984). Nazemnye molljuski podotrjada Pupillina fauny SSSR (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Geophila). In:. Fauna SSSR, Molljuski. III, 3
* Held, F. (1837-1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303-309 (1837); 30 (12): 901-919 (1838). Leipzig

==External links==
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28587765 Draparnaud, J. P. R. (1801). Tableau des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. Montpellier / Paris (Renaud / Bossange, Masson & Besson). 1-116]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1295891 Pilsbry, H. A. (1920-1921). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 26: Pupillidae (Vertigininae, Pupillinae). pp i-iv, 1-254, pls 1-24. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences]
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27411580 Held, F. (1837-1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303-309 (1837); 30 (12): 901-919 (1838). Leipzig]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1726537 Dall, W. H. (1904). Notes on the nomenclature of the Pupacea and associated forms. The Nautilus. 17(10): 114-116]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1817076 Cockerell, T. D. A. (1905). Note on the nomenclature of the snails usually called Pupa. The Nautilus. 18(9): 103-105]


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3075678}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3075678}}

Revision as of 17:46, 5 March 2022

Pupilla
Temporal range: Oligocene–Holocene
A right side view of a live Pupilla muscorum
Six shells of Pupilla muscorum, scale bar in mm
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Pupillidae
Subfamily: Pupillinae
Genus: Pupilla
Fleming, 1828[1]
Type species
Pupa marginata Draparnaud, 1801
Synonyms
  • Glischrus (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801
  • † Paracoryna Flach, 1890 (junior synonym)
  • Pupa Draparnaud, 1801 (invalid: junior homonym of Pupa Röding, 1798)
  • Pupa (Pupilla) J. Fleming, 1828
  • Pupilla (Afripupilla) Pilsbry, 1921· accepted, alternate representation
  • Pupilla (Fragipupilla) Schileyko, 1984· accepted, alternate representation
  • Pupilla (Pupilla) J. Fleming, 1828· accepted, alternate representation
  • Pupilla (Striopupilla) Pilsbry, 1921· accepted, alternate representation
  • Sphyradium (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801
  • Torquatella Held, 1838 (junior synonym)
  • Vertigo (Pupa) Draparnaud, 1801 (unaccepted combination)

Pupilla is a genus of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pupillidae. [2]

Shells of Pupilla species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the Oligocene until the Holocene period.[3]

Distribution

This genus occurs in Eurasia, northern Africa and North America.[4]

Species

Pupilla has several subgenera.[citation needed] Species within the genus Pupilla include:

subgenus Pupilla

subgenus Gibbulinopsis

subgenus ?

References

  1. ^ Fleming J. (1828). A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematic arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. pp. i-xxxii [= 1-23], 1-565, [1]. Edinburgh. (Bell & Bradfute).
  2. ^ -MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pupilla J. Fleming, 1828. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426395 on 2022-03-05
  3. ^ (in Czech) Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001). Encyklopedie zkamenělin. Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 125.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Genus summary for Pupilla". AnimalBase. Last modified 02-09-2006, accessed 30 July 2010.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Pokryszko B. M., Auffenberg K., Hlaváč J. Č. & Naggs F. (2009). "Pupilloidea of Pakistan (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): Truncatellininae, Vertigininae, Gastrocoptinae, Pupillinae (In Part)". Annales Zoologici 59(4): 423-458. doi:10.3161/000345409X484847.
  6. ^ Kessner V. (1996). Pupilla ficulnea. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
  7. ^ (in Czech) Ložek V. (1954). "Noví měkkýši československého pleistocénu (Neue Mollusken aus dem tschechoslowakischen Pleistozän). Vertigo pseudosubstriata sp. n., Pupilla muscorum densegyrata ssp. n. a Pupilla loessica sp. n." Anthropozoikum 3(1953): 327–342, Tab. 1.
  8. ^ Mollusc Specialist Group (1996). Pupilla obliquicosta. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
  9. ^ Mollusc Specialist Group (1996). Pupilla pupula. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
  • Flach, K. (1890). Palaeontologische Beiträge. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-Medicinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, Neue Folge. 24(3): 49-59, pl. 1.
  • Schileyko, A. A. (1984). Nazemnye molljuski podotrjada Pupillina fauny SSSR (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Geophila). In:. Fauna SSSR, Molljuski. III, 3
  • Held, F. (1837-1838). Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns. Isis (Oken), 30 (4): 303-309 (1837); 30 (12): 901-919 (1838). Leipzig
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