French cruiser Naïade: Difference between revisions
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==Service history== |
==Service history== |
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The [[keel]] for ''Naïade'' was [[keel laying|laid down]] |
The new ship was ordered on 24 January 1878 and the [[keel]] for ''Naïade'' was [[keel laying|laid down]] on 25 February at the [[Arsenal de Brest]]. She was [[ship launching|launched]] on 6 January 1881 and was [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] to begin [[sea trials]] in June 1882. The initial testing revealed significant problems with her engines. She was placed in reserve for modifications on 9 August, before being recommissioned on 20 February 1883. She carried out further trials, which lasted until 11 May. The ship was pronounced complete and then reduced to reserve status on 1 June.{{sfn|Campbell|p=319}}{{sfn|Roberts|p=99}} |
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By 1886, ''Naïade'' had been deployed to [[French Madagascar]] to protect French interests in the Indian Ocean. There, she served as the [[flagship]] of a [[squadron (naval)|squadron]] that also included the cruisers {{ship|French cruiser|Forfait||2}}, {{ship|French cruiser|Lapérouse||2}}, and {{ship|French cruiser|Limier||2}}, the [[gunboat]]s {{ship|French gunboat|Pique||2}}, {{ship|French gunboat|Chacal||2}}, and {{ship|French gunboat|Capricorne||2}}, and the [[aviso]] {{ship|French aviso|Labourdonnais||2}}. The ships were supported by a pair of transport vessels.{{sfn|Brassey 1886|pp=487–489}} |
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The ship was struck from the [[naval register]] in 1900 and subsequently discarded.{{sfn|Campbell|p=319}} |
The ship was struck from the [[naval register]] in 1900 and subsequently discarded.{{sfn|Campbell|p=319}} |
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Revision as of 10:33, 1 April 2022
 Naïade in harbor, date unknown
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Preceded by | Iphigénie |
| Succeeded by | Aréthuse |
| History | |
 France | |
| Name | Naïade |
| Builder | Arsenal de Brest |
| Laid down | 1878 |
| Launched | 1881 |
| Completed | February 1882 |
| Stricken | 1900 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | 3,637 long tons (3,695 t) |
| Length | 74.37 m (244 ft) loa |
| Beam | 14.25 m (46 ft 9 in) |
| Draft | 7.61 m (25 ft) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion |
|
| Sail plan | Full ship rig |
| Speed | 14.7 knots (27.2 km/h; 16.9 mph) |
| Complement | 439 |
| Armament |
|
Naïade was an unprotected cruiser of the French Navy that was built in the late 1870s and early 1880s.
Design
In 1878, the French Navy embarked on a program of cruiser construction authorized by the Conseil des Travaux (Council of Works) for a strategy aimed at attacking British merchant shipping in the event of war. The program called for ships of around 3,000 long tons (3,048 t) with a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). Four vessels were ordered, including Naïade; the vessels were dated designs more similar to the first screw frigates that had been built in the 1850s than the latest protected cruisers being designed abroad. Naïade and the other three vessels were the final generation of unprotected cruisers built in France, that type thereafter being replaced by protected cruisers beginning with Sfax in the early 1880s.[1]
Characteristics
Naïade was 74.37 m (244 ft) long overall, with a beam of 14.25 m (46 ft 9 in) and a draft of 7.61 m (25 ft). She displaced 3,637 long tons (3,695 t). Her hull was constructed with wood; she had a clipper bow and an overhanging stern. She had a forecastle and sterncastle. The ship had no armor protection. Her crew consisted of 439 officers and enlisted men.[2]
The ship was propelled by a single horizontal compound steam engine that drove a screw propeller. Steam was provided by eight coal-burning fire-tube boilers that were ducted into a single funnel located amidships. Coal storage amounted to 450 long tons (460 t). The power plant produced 2,800 indicated horsepower (2,100 kW) for a top speed of 14.7 knots (27.2 km/h; 16.9 mph). To supplement her steam engines, she was fitted with a three-masted full ship rig.[2]
The ship was armed with a main battery of two 165 mm (6.5 in) M1870 guns that were placed in embrasures in the bow as chase guns. Later in her career, the guns were replaced with new M1881 versions. These were supported by a secondary battery of eighteen 140 mm (5.5 in) M1870M guns. Two were placed in embrasures in the stern, four were on the upper deck, and the remaining twelve were mounted in a broadside battery amidships. She also had a pair of 100 mm (3.9 in) guns. For close-range defense against torpedo boats, she carried a battery of eight 1-pounder Hotchkiss revolver cannon in single pivot mounts. The ship's armament was rounded out by a single 350 mm (13.8 in) torpedo tube above the waterline, though it was later removed.[2]
Service history
The new ship was ordered on 24 January 1878 and the keel for Naïade was laid down on 25 February at the Arsenal de Brest. She was launched on 6 January 1881 and was commissioned to begin sea trials in June 1882. The initial testing revealed significant problems with her engines. She was placed in reserve for modifications on 9 August, before being recommissioned on 20 February 1883. She carried out further trials, which lasted until 11 May. The ship was pronounced complete and then reduced to reserve status on 1 June.[2][3]
By 1886, Naïade had been deployed to French Madagascar to protect French interests in the Indian Ocean. There, she served as the flagship of a squadron that also included the cruisers Forfait, Lapérouse, and Limier, the gunboats Pique, Chacal, and Capricorne, and the aviso Labourdonnais. The ships were supported by a pair of transport vessels.[4]
The ship was struck from the naval register in 1900 and subsequently discarded.[2]
Notes
References
- Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1886). "List of French Ships in Commission". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 486–490. OCLC 496786828.
- Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
- Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
- Ropp, Theodore (1987). Roberts, Stephen S. (ed.). The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-141-6.