DNA World Tour: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
Line 966: | Line 966: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"| October 9, 2022 |
! scope="row"| October 9, 2022 |
||
|[[Rotterdam]] |
|||
|Amsterdam |
|||
|Netherlands |
|Netherlands |
||
|[[Ahoy Rotterdam]] |
|||
|Ziggo Dome |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"| October 12, 2022 |
! scope="row"| October 12, 2022 |
Revision as of 00:27, 6 April 2022
Tour by Backstreet Boys | |
Associated album | DNA |
---|---|
Start date | May 11, 2019 |
End date | March 11, 2023 |
Legs | 8 |
No. of shows | 185 |
Backstreet Boys concert chronology |
The DNA World Tour[1] is the eleventh concert tour by American vocal group, the Backstreet Boys in support of their tenth studio album, DNA (2019). The tour will perform over 150 shows in the Americas, Europe, Asia and Australia. It was the ninth highest-grossing tour of 2019, with a total attendance of 999,242 from 95 shows, as well as a total revenue of $92,310,105.[2]
The tour began on May 11, 2019,[3] but was cut short on March 15, 2020 due to coronavirus pandemic.[4] They initially rescheduled the remaining dates for 2021,[5] but eventually had to reschedule again for 2022 and 2023.[6][7]
Background
The DNA World Tour was announced on November 9, 2018.[8] In April 2019, it was announced that member Brian Littrell's son Baylee would be the supporting act for North American tour dates.[9] In February 2020, the Boys announced the second leg of the tour.[10]
Opening act
- KnowleDJ (Europe (most dates))[11]
- Baylee Littrell (North America, select dates)[12]
Set list
The following set list was obtained from the concert held on August 26, 2019, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee.[13] It does not represent all concerts for the duration of the tour.
- "Everyone" / "I Wanna Be With You"
- "The Call"
- "Don't Want You Back"
- "Nobody Else" (Brian Littrell solo)
- "New Love"
- "Get Down (You're the One for Me)"
- "Chateau" (Howie Dorough solo)
- "Show Me the Meaning of Being Lonely"
- "Incomplete"
- "Undone"
- "More than That"
- "The Way It Was" (Nick Carter solo)
- "Chances"
- "Shape of My Heart"
- "Drowning"
- "Passionate" (Kevin Richardson and AJ McLean duet)
- "Quit Playing Games (with My Heart)"
- "As Long as You Love Me"
- "No Place"
- "Anywhere For You (Spanish Version/Acapella) (South and Latin America)
- "Breathe"
- "Don't Wanna Lose You Now"
- "I'll Never Break Your Heart"
- "All I Have to Give"
- "Everybody (Backstreet's Back)"
- "We've Got It Goin' On"
- "It's Gotta Be You"
- "That's the Way I Like It"
- "Get Another Boyfriend"
- "The One"
- "I Want It That Way"
- Encore
Tour dates
Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 11, 2019 | Lisbon | Portugal | Altice Arena | — | — |
May 13, 2019 | Madrid | Spain | WiZink Center | 14,985 / 15,053 | $1,179,687 |
May 15, 2019 | Milan | Italy | Mediolanum Forum | — | — |
May 17, 2019 | Barcelona | Spain | Palau Sant Jordi | 17,475 / 17,732 | $1,437,102 |
May 19, 2019 | Paris | France | AccorHotels Arena | 7,899 / 9,000 | $716,161 |
May 21, 2019 | Hanover | Germany | TUI Arena | — | — |
May 22, 2019 | Antwerp | Belgium | Sportpaleis | ||
May 23, 2019 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | Ziggo Dome | ||
May 25, 2019 | Mannheim | Germany | SAP Arena | ||
May 27, 2019 | Munich | Olympiahalle | 12,784 / 12,784 | $1,067,464 | |
May 28, 2019 | Vienna | Austria | Wiener Stadthalle | 13,097 / 13,137 | $1,116,458 |
May 29, 2019 | Berlin | Germany | Mercedes-Benz Arena | 13,809 / 13,809 | $1,191,173 |
May 31, 2019 | Gothenburg | Sweden | Scandinavium | 11,396 / 12,119 | $908,863 |
June 1, 2019 | Oslo | Norway | Oslo Spektrum | 8,701 / 8,701 | $675,124 |
June 2, 2019 | Stockholm | Sweden | Ericsson Globe | 13,458 / 13,458 | $942,771 |
June 5, 2019 | Helsinki | Finland | Hartwall Arena | 11,121 / 11,173 | $859,674 |
June 8, 2019 | Copenhagen | Denmark | Royal Arena | 15,505 / 15,529 | $1,341,684 |
June 10, 2019 | Manchester | England | Manchester Arena | 13,123 / 13,624 | $1,028,880 |
June 11, 2019 | Dublin | Ireland | 3Arena | 12,439 / 12,484 | $979,046 |
June 14, 2019 | Glasgow | Scotland | SSE Hydro | 8,557 / 9,223 | $764,074 |
June 15, 2019 | Birmingham | England | Arena Birmingham | 12,070 / 12,463 | $996,821 |
June 17, 2019 | London | The O2 Arena | 29,164 / 31,600 | $2,683,200 | |
June 18, 2019 | |||||
June 20, 2019 | Cologne | Germany | Lanxess Arena | 16,447 / 16,447 | $1,347,673 |
June 21, 2019 | Zürich | Switzerland | Hallenstadion | 13,506 / 13,506 | $1,169,365 |
June 22, 2019 | Prague | Czech Republic | O2 Arena | 13,168 / 13,618 | $971,117 |
June 24, 2019 | Warsaw | Poland | Arena COS Torwar | — | — |
June 25, 2019 | Budapest | Hungary | László Papp Budapest Sports Arena | 12,872 / 12,922 | $865,075 |
Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
July 12, 2019 | Washington, D.C. | United States | Capital One Arena | 13,397 / 13,397 | $1,388,801 |
July 14, 2019[a] | Ottawa | Canada | LeBreton Flats Park | — | — |
July 15, 2019 | Montreal | Bell Centre | 15,513 / 16,849 | $1,188,160 | |
July 17, 2019 | Toronto | Scotiabank Arena | 14,604 / 14,604 | $1,431,090 | |
July 20, 2019 | Saint Paul | United States | Xcel Energy Center | 15,029 / 15,029 | $1,469,180 |
July 22, 2019 | Winnipeg | Canada | Bell MTS Place | 11,416 / 11,416 | $1,058,990 |
July 24, 2019 | Calgary | Scotiabank Saddledome | 12,369 / 12,369 | $1,125,620 | |
July 25, 2019 | Edmonton | Rogers Place | — | — | |
July 27, 2019 | Vancouver | Rogers Arena | 14,169 / 14,169 | $1,414,670 | |
July 29, 2019 | Everett | United States | Angel of the Winds Arena | — | — |
July 30, 2019 | Portland | Moda Center | 13,336 / 13,587 | $1,100,429 | |
August 1, 2019 | Sacramento | Golden 1 Center | 12,448 / 12,823 | $1,140,689 | |
August 3, 2019 | Los Angeles | Staples Center | 14,158 / 14,158 | $1,399,194 | |
August 4, 2019 | San Jose | SAP Center | 13,112 / 13,478 | $1,328,286 | |
August 5, 2019 | Anaheim | Honda Center | 12,537 / 12,945 | $1,089,354 | |
August 7, 2019 | Salt Lake City | Vivint Smart Home Arena | — | — | |
August 8, 2019 | Denver | Pepsi Center | 12,489 / 12,978 | $1,073,489 | |
August 10, 2019 | Chicago | United Center | 14,971 / 15,311 | $1,425,918 | |
August 12, 2019 | Detroit | Little Caesars Arena | 13,886 / 14,140 | $1,253,265 | |
August 14, 2019 | Boston | TD Garden | 13,075 / 13,442 | $1,265,642 | |
August 15, 2019 | Brooklyn | Barclays Center | 14,846 / 15,243 | $2,003,988 | |
August 17, 2019 | Philadelphia | Wells Fargo Center | 14,916 / 15,307 | $1,098,765 | |
August 18, 2019[b] | Hershey | Hersheypark Stadium | — | — | |
August 20, 2019 | Raleigh | PNC Arena | 13,422 / 13,750 | $1,148,317 | |
August 21, 2019 | Atlanta | State Farm Arena | 11,162 / 11,588 | $963,825 | |
August 23, 2019 | Sunrise | BB&T Center | 13,538 / 13,806 | $1,283,152 | |
August 24, 2019 | Orlando | Amway Center | — | — | |
August 26, 2019 | Nashville | Bridgestone Arena | |||
August 27, 2019 | Memphis | FedExForum | |||
August 28, 2019 | Tulsa | BOK Center | |||
August 30, 2019 | New Orleans | Smoothie King Center | |||
August 31, 2019 | Houston | Toyota Center | 12,305 / 12,588 | $1,311,015 | |
September 1, 2019 | Dallas | American Airlines Center | 13,701 / 14,316 | $1,368,950 | |
September 3, 2019 | Lafayette | Cajundome | 7,628 / 9,714 | $389,476 | |
September 4, 2019 | Birmingham | Legacy Arena | 10,489 / 12,125 | $714,334 | |
September 6, 2019 | St. Louis | Enterprise Center | 13,496 / 13,888 | $1,000,053 | |
September 7, 2019 | Kansas City | Sprint Center | 13,474 / 13,800 | $1,030,370 | |
September 8, 2019 | Omaha | CHI Health Center Arena | 12,270 / 14,001 | $788,052 | |
September 10, 2019 | Indianapolis | Bankers Life Fieldhouse | 12,269 / 12,755 | $785,651 | |
September 11, 2019 | Milwaukee | Fiserv Forum | 11,601 / 11,854 | $1,062,379 | |
September 13, 2019 | Louisville | KFC Yum! Center | 14,907 / 14,907 | $1,224,299 | |
September 14, 2019 | Pittsburgh | PPG Paints Arena | 13,960 / 13,960 | $1,221,912 | |
September 15, 2019 | Newark | Prudential Center | 13,023 / 13,023 | $1,879,908 | |
September 16, 2019[b] | Hershey | Hersheypark Stadium | 19,780 / 24,879 | $1,254,853 |
Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 16, 2019 | Osaka | Japan | Osaka-Jo Hall | — | — |
October 19, 2019 | Macau | China | Cotai Arena | ||
October 22, 2019 | Taipei | Taiwan | Nangang Exhibition Hall | ||
October 24, 2019 | Bangkok | Thailand | Impact Exhibition Hall 5-6 | ||
October 26, 2019 | Jakarta | Indonesia | Jakarta International Expo | ||
October 28, 2019 | Pasay | Philippines | Mall of Asia Arena | ||
October 30, 2019 | Singapore | Singapore Indoor Stadium |
Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
November 2, 2019 | Honolulu | United States | Blaisdell Arena | 23,134 / 23,558 | $2,750,256 |
November 3, 2019 | |||||
November 5, 2019 | |||||
November 6, 2019 | |||||
February 20, 2020 | Mexico City | Mexico | Palacio de los Deportes | 43,370 / 43,767 | $3,560,696 |
February 21, 2020 | |||||
February 22, 2020 | |||||
February 24, 2020 | Monterrey | Arena Monterrey | — | — | |
February 25, 2020 | |||||
February 26, 2020 | Guadalajara | Arena VFG | 11,814 / 11,891 | $751,043 |
Date | City | Country | Venue | Attendance | Revenue |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
February 28, 2020 | Alajuela | Costa Rica | Anfiteatro Coca-Cola | — | — |
March 1, 2020 | Bogotá | Colombia | Movistar Arena | ||
March 2, 2020 | |||||
March 4, 2020 | Santiago | Chile | Estadio Bicentenario de La Florida | ~ 25,000 / 25,000[25] | |
March 5, 2020 | — | ||||
March 7, 2020 | Buenos Aires | Argentina | Campo Argentino de Polo | ~ 30,000 / 30,000[26] | |
March 8, 2020 | Montevideo | Uruguay | Antel Arena | — | |
March 9, 2020 | |||||
March 11, 2020 | Uberlândia | Brazil | Ginásio Sabiazinho | ||
March 13, 2020 | Rio de Janeiro | Jeunesse Arena |
Date | City | Country | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
October 3, 2022 | Lisbon | Portugal | Altice Arena |
October 4, 2022 | Madrid | Spain | WiZink Center |
October 6, 2022 | Barcelona | Palau Sant Jordi | |
October 9, 2022 | Rotterdam | Netherlands | Ahoy Rotterdam |
October 12, 2022 | Berlin | Germany | Mercedes-Benz Arena |
October 15, 2022 | Hanover | ZAG-Arena | |
October 18, 2022 | Mannheim | SAP Arena | |
October 20, 2022 | Munich | Olympiahalle | |
October 22, 2022 | Bologna | Italy | Unipol Arena |
October 25, 2022 | Hamburg | Germany | Barclaycard Arena |
October 27, 2022 | Zürich | Switzerland | Hallenstadion |
October 29, 2022 | Krakow | Poland | Tauron Arena |
October 30, 2022 | Leipzig | Germany | Arena Leipzig |
October 31, 2022 | Cologne | Lanxess Arena | |
November 2, 2022 | Budapest | Hungary | László Papp Budapest Sports Arena |
November 4, 2022 | Dortmund | Germany | Westfallenhallen |
November 6, 2022 | London | England | The O2 Arena |
Date | City | Country | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
January 27, 2023[d] | São Paulo | Brazil | Allianz Parque |
Date | City | Country | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
February 25, 2023 | Perth | Australia | RAC Arena |
February 28, 2023 | Melbourne | Rod Laver Arena | |
March 1, 2023 | |||
March 4, 2023 | Sydney | Qudos Bank Arena | |
March 5, 2023 | |||
March 8, 2023 | Brisbane | Brisbane Entertainment Centre | |
March 11, 2023 | Auckland | New Zealand | Spark Arena |
Date | City | Country | Venue | Reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
October 12, 2019 | Saitama | Japan | Saitama Super Arena | Typhoon Hagibis[32] |
October 13, 2019 |
Notes
- ^ The concert in Ottawa on July 14, 2019, was part of the Ottawa Bluesfest.[18]
- ^ a b The concert in Hershey on August 18, 2019, was postponed due to a thunderstorm. The band performed two songs before the show was postponed and rescheduled for September 16, 2019.[19][20]
- ^ The shows in North America in 2022 were originally scheduled to take place from July to October 2020, but were rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- ^ The concert in São Paulo on January 27, 2023, was originally scheduled on March 15, 2020, but was postponed due the COVID-19 pandemic.[30] Ticketholders for the original date will be allowed.
- ^ The shows in Oceania in 2022 were originally scheduled to take place in May 2020, then April – May 2021 and March 2022, but were rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
References
- ^ Kenner, Kari (August 8, 2019). "The Backstreet Boys offer 'Larger Than Life' show as their DNA World Tour stops in Salt Lake City". Daily Herald. Ogden Newspapers. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- ^ "2019 Year-End Boxscore Charts". Billboard. December 5, 2019.
- ^ Bajgrowicz, Brooke. "Backstreet Boys Announce Massive 70-Date World Arena Tour: See the Dates". Billboard. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
- ^ "Backstreet Boys and The Offspring cancel their concerts in Brazil on COVID-19". March 16, 2020.
- ^ "Backstreet Boys on Twitter". Twitter. April 30, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ "Backstreet Boys on Twitter". Twitter. October 6, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ "Backstreet Boys on Twitter". November 3, 2021.
- ^ Kreps, Daniel (November 9, 2018). "Backstreet Boys Announce Biggest Arena Tour in 18 Years". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 10, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
- ^ Fay, Joe (April 3, 2019). "Backstreet Boys add Baylee Littrell as opener for 'DNA' tour". Today. NBCUniversal. Archived from the original on June 4, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ America, Good Morning. "Backstreet Boys reveal 'DNA' North America tour".
- ^ m.b.H, © 2020 Wiener Stadthalle Betriebs-und Veranstaltungsgesellschaft. "Backstreet Boys, DNA World Tour, Di, 28.05.2019 @ Wiener Stadthalle, Halle D". Wiener Stadthalle (in German). Retrieved 2020-05-21.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Calvario, Liz (August 7, 2019). "Brian and Baylee Littrell Talk Sharing the Backstreet Boys' Stage During 'DNA World Tour'". WKYC. Tegna Inc. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- ^ Leimkuehler, Matthew (August 27, 2019). "Here's what we saw at the Backstreet Boys concert in Nashville". The Tennessean. Gannett Company. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ Bajgrowicz, Brooke (November 9, 2018). "Backstreet Boys Announce Massive 70-Date World Arena Tour". Billboard. Eldridge Industries. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ Sources for box office data in Europe:
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. June 8, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on June 1, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. June 22, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on June 16, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. July 6, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131 (16). Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. July 29, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on June 22, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131 (19). Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. August 10, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on July 31, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. September 7, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on August 28, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
{{cite journal}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; August 29, 2019 suggested (help)
- ^ Romano, Nick (November 9, 2018). "Backstreet's back with new Backstreet Boys album and world tour". Entertainment Weekly. Meredith Corporation. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ Sources for box office data in North America, Jul-Sep 2019:
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131 (19). Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. August 10, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on July 31, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. August 17, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131 (21). Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. September 14, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on September 4, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131 (23). Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. September 28, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on September 18, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. October 5, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. 131. Nashville, Tennessee: Eldridge Industries. October 19, 2019. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- ^ Pringle, Josh (July 15, 2019). "Backstreet Boys wrap up Bluesfest". CTV News. Bell Media. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ Adams, Sean (August 19, 2019). "Backstreet Boys concert postponed, Hersheypark Stadium evacuated due to thunderstorm". PennLive. The Patriot-News. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ Stallsmith, Shelly (August 23, 2019). "Missed the Backstreet Boys in August? They'll be back at Hershey in September". York Daily Record. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ Singh, Surej (March 26, 2019). "Backstreet Boys announce Asia tour - Singapore, Manila, Jakarta, and more confirmed". Bangwagon. Bandwagon Pte Ltd. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ Sources for tour dates in North America, Nov 2019/Feb 2020:
- Zúñiga, Alejandro (August 28, 2019). "It's official: The Backstreet Boys are coming to Costa Rica". The Tico Times. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Backstreet Boys traerá su 'DNA World Tour' a México en 2020" [Backstreet Boys will bring their 'DNA World Tour' to Mexico in 2020]. Milenio (in Spanish). Grupo Multimedios. September 5, 2019. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Backstreet Boys announce 4th show at Blaisdell". Hawaii News Now. Gray Television. June 10, 2019. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
- ^ "Current Boxscore | Billboard". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 10, 2019. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
- ^ "Confirmado: Backstreet Boys se presentará en Colombia el 01 de marzo de 2020" [Confirmed: Backstreet Boys will perform in Colombia on March 1, 2020]. El Espectador (in Spanish). August 28, 2019. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- ^ Reyes, Patricia (September 4, 2019). "Backstreet Boys agota entradas de su show en Chile y fija segundo concierto (Backstreet Boys sell out show in Chile and schedule second date". latercera.com. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
- ^ Galante, Sabrina (March 8, 2020). "Backstreet Boys: la vigencia del pop adolescente y un revival de hits". www.clarin.com. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
[...] deleitó a 30 mil personas en la noche del sábado
- ^ Union, Wonderful. "Backstreet Boys - Official Site". Backstreet Boys.
- ^ Union, Wonderful. "Backstreet Boys - Official Site". Backstreet Boys.
- ^ "Backstreet Boys confirma nova data de show em São Paulo" [Backstreet Boys confirms new date for concert in São Paulo]. Nação da Música (in Portuguese). October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
- ^ "Show do Backstreet Boys em São Paulo é adiado". G1. March 14, 2019. Retrieved March 13, 2019.
- ^ Sources for tour dates in Australasia:
- "The Backstreet Boys confirm New Zealand concert in 2020". Stuff. Stuff Limited. September 13, 2019. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- McCabe, Kathy (September 13, 2019). "The world's biggest selling "boy band" Backstreet Boys bring DNA World Tour to Australia in 2020". news.com.au. News Corp Australia. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- https://www.backstreetboys.com/news/299115
- https://www.backstreetboys.com/news/299641
- https://www.instagram.com/p/CVyi3svF0_E/
- https://www.backstreetboys.com/news/299967
- ^ Sim, Walter (October 12, 2019). "Typhoon Hagibis shuts down Tokyo". The Straits Times. Singapore Press Holdings. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 8, 2019.