Dolly (sheep): Difference between revisions
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The arthritis further fueled worry among some that this form of cloning may not be appropriate for mammals, and there is now a consensus both in- and outside scientific community that at this point the risk of unforeseen effects of cloning on the clone makes experiments in human [[reproductive cloning]] premature and unethical. |
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Supporters of this method of cloning counter that the technique used to clone Dolly simply needs to be refined. However, others contend that with very limited understanding of the nascent field of [[applied genetics]], scientists can not and should not attempt to control the action of so many [[gene]]s at once. Many outside the scientific community have stated that this is vindication for their initial assertions that any form of cloning is ethically wrong and should be banned. |
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==Death== |
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[[Image:dollyscotland.JPG|right|thumb|Dolly's remains as exhibited in the Royal Museum of Scotland]] |
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On [[February 15]], [[2003]] it was announced that Dolly had died from a progressive lung disease. A [[autopsy|necropsy]] confirmed she had [[Ovine]] [[Pulmonary]] [[Adenocarcinoma]] ([[Jaagsiekte]]), a fairly common disease of sheep caused by a [[retrovirus]]. Roslin scientists stated that they did not think there was a connection with Dolly being a clone, and that other sheep on the farm had similar ailments. Such lung diseases are especially a danger for sheep kept indoors, as Dolly had to be for security reasons. |
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<!-- A post-mortem examination is planned for Dolly and it is hoped that this test will indicate whether or not her illness was connected to her being a clone. [Was this carried out? Any chance of an update?] --> |
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==Legacy== |
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After the cloning was successfully demonstrated by Dolly's creators, many other large mammals have been cloned, including [[horse]]s and [[cattle|bulls]]. Cloning is now considered a promising tool for preserving [[endangered species]], usually by those who do not work in species conservation. Most animal conservation professionals point out that cloning does not alleviate the problems of loss of genetic diversity (see [[inbreeding]]) and [[Habitat (ecology)|habitat]], ergo must be considered an experimental technology for the time being, and all in all would only rarely be worth the cost, which on a per-individual basis far exceeds conventional techniques such as [[captive breeding]] or [[embryo transfer]]. The [[2000]]-[[2001]] attempt to clone a [[gaur]] failed, with the animal, '[[Noah (cloned gaur)|Noah]]', dying two days after birth, and the attempt to clone [[argali]] sheep did not produce viable embryos. The attempt to clone a [[banteng]] bull was more successful, as were the attempts to clone [[mouflon]], both resulting in viable offspring. The banteng example is a case illustrating the circumstances under which the uncertainties of cloning attempts are outweighed by the benefits. |
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==Controversy== |
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In March 2006 it was revealed that the scientists involved were in major disagreement over who deserves credit for Dolly. In 2006, while testifying at an Edinburgh court following accusations of racial harassment of his fellow [[Prim Singh]], [[Ian Wilmut]] denied the accusations, but acknowledged that he was not the 'father' or 'creator' of Dolly, that he has minimised the role of some of his fellows, and he gave most of the credit (66 percent) to [[Keith Campbell]], while playing a 'supervisory' or managerial role. |
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In January 2007, the FDA decided to permit the sale and consumption of meat and milk from cloned animals in the United States. |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/antenna/dolly/index.asp Dolly the Sheep, 1996-2000 from the Science Museum, London] |
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*[http://www.roslin.ac.uk/public/01-12-98-dnt.html Roslin Institute: Update on Dolly and nuclear transfer] |
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*[http://www.roslin.ac.uk/imagelibrary/ Photos of Dolly and other cloned animals at Roslin] |
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[[Category:1997 in Scotland]] |
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[[Category:Famous sheep]] |
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[[Category:Collections of the National Museums of Scotland]] |
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[[Category:Cloned animals]] |
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[[Category:Cloning]] |
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[[Category:History of Midlothian]] |
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[[Category:Scottish inventions]] |
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[[bg:Доли (овца)]] |
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[[ca:Ovella Dolly]] |
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[[cy:Dafad Doli]] |
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[[da:Fåret Dolly]] |
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[[de:Dolly (Schaf)]] |
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[[es:Oveja Dolly]] |
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[[fr:Dolly (brebis)]] |
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[[fy:Dolly]] |
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[[ko:돌리]] |
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[[id:Domba Dolly]] |
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[[it:Dolly (pecora)]] |
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[[he:הכבשה דולי]] |
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[[lt:Avis Doli]] |
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[[nl:Dolly (schaap)]] |
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[[ja:ドリー (羊)]] |
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[[pl:Owca Dolly]] |
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[[pt:Ovelha Dolly]] |
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[[ru:Долли (овца)]] |
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[[fi:Dolly-lammas]] |
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[[sv:Dolly (får)]] |
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[[zh:多利]] |
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