Janet Gourlay: Difference between revisions
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Janet would meet her lifelong partner [[Margaret Benson]] in 1896 during the second excavation of the Mut Complex. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Bierbrier |first=M.L. |title=Who Was Who in Egyptology |publisher=The Egypt Exploration Society |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-85698-207-1 |pages=219 |language=English}}</ref> The two would become fast friends and worked together over the span of two digging seasons<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Women in Old World Archaeology |url=https://www.brown.edu/Research/Breaking_Ground/results.php?d=1&first=Janet%20A.&last=Gourlay |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.brown.edu}}</ref>. Upon completion of their excavations, Margaret’s health began deteriorating, so the two women returned to their respective homes<ref name=":4" />. They kept in close contact via letters<ref>{{Cite book |last=Benson |first=Arthur Christopher |url=http://archive.org/details/lifelettersofmag00bens |title=Life and letters of Maggie Benson |date=1917 |publisher=London : J. Murray |others=University of California Libraries}}</ref>. In these, they expressed their devotion, emotions, and happenings to one another. Margaret’s health never made a recovery so plans made by the pair to return to Egypt for more excavations were never continued.<ref name=":4" /> |
Janet would meet her lifelong partner [[Margaret Benson]] in 1896 during the second excavation of the Mut Complex. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Bierbrier |first=M.L. |title=Who Was Who in Egyptology |publisher=The Egypt Exploration Society |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-85698-207-1 |pages=219 |language=English}}</ref> The two would become fast friends and worked together over the span of two digging seasons<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Women in Old World Archaeology |url=https://www.brown.edu/Research/Breaking_Ground/results.php?d=1&first=Janet%20A.&last=Gourlay |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.brown.edu}}</ref>. Upon completion of their excavations, Margaret’s health began deteriorating, so the two women returned to their respective homes<ref name=":4" />. They kept in close contact via letters<ref>{{Cite book |last=Benson |first=Arthur Christopher |url=http://archive.org/details/lifelettersofmag00bens |title=Life and letters of Maggie Benson |date=1917 |publisher=London : J. Murray |others=University of California Libraries}}</ref>. In these, they expressed their devotion, emotions, and happenings to one another. Margaret’s health never made a recovery so plans made by the pair to return to Egypt for more excavations were never continued.<ref name=":4" /> |
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On March 3, 1912, Janet died in Kempshot Park, Basingstoke.<ref name=":3" /> She never married in her lifetime.<ref name=":3" /> |
On March 3, 1912, Janet died in Kempshot Park, Basingstoke.<ref name=":3" /> She never married in her lifetime.<ref name=":3" /> |
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Janet and Margaret are credited with the excavation of the Temple of Mut in Asher where they found the head of Amun (or Amun-re), a figure of Ramsese II, the figure of priest Sur and other items.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hillier |first=Bevis |date=6 November 1972 |title=Egyptian Sculpture for Auction |pages=1 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> |
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== Professional Endeavors == |
== Professional Endeavors == |
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Janet and Margaret were the first women to undertake an excavation of this nature and is acknowledged in their preface, which reads “we have to thank M. de Morgan’s liberality for the first permission to excavate given to women in Egypt” <ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Benson |first=Margaret |url=http://archive.org/details/templeofmutinash00bens_0 |title=Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the |last2=Gourlay |first2=Janet A. |last3=Newberry |first3=Percy Edward |date=1899 |publisher=London, J. Murray |others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref>. |
Janet and Margaret were the first women to undertake an excavation of this nature and is acknowledged in their preface, which reads “we have to thank M. de Morgan’s liberality for the first permission to excavate given to women in Egypt” <ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Benson |first=Margaret |url=http://archive.org/details/templeofmutinash00bens_0 |title=Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the |last2=Gourlay |first2=Janet A. |last3=Newberry |first3=Percy Edward |date=1899 |publisher=London, J. Murray |others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref>. |
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==Publications== |
==Publications== |
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* Benson, Margaret and Gourlay, Janet. <cite>The Temple of Mut in Asher: An account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the history of Egypt and the main religious ideas of the Egyptians</cite>, London, John Murray, 1899<ref>{{Cite book|last=Benson|first=Margaret|url=http://archive.org/details/templeofmutinash00bens_0|title=Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the|last2=Gourlay|first2=Janet A.|last3=Newberry|first3=Percy Edward|date=1899|publisher=London, J. Murray|others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref> |
* Benson, Margaret and Gourlay, Janet. <cite>The Temple of Mut in Asher: An account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the history of Egypt and the main religious ideas of the Egyptians</cite>, London, John Murray, 1899<ref>{{Cite book|last=Benson|first=Margaret|url=http://archive.org/details/templeofmutinash00bens_0|title=Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the|last2=Gourlay|first2=Janet A.|last3=Newberry|first3=Percy Edward|date=1899|publisher=London, J. Murray|others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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Revision as of 16:08, 8 April 2022
Janet A. Gourlay | |
|---|---|
| Education | University College, London |
| Partner | Margaret Benson |
Janet A. Gourlay (1863–1912) was a Scottish Egyptologist,[1] that is most well known for her excavation of and publication on the Mut Complex in Egypt. Janet was born on January 30, 1863 in Dundee, Scotland to Henry G. Gourlay and Agnes Christine Burell.[2] Later in life, she briefly studied at University College, London in 1893, with William Matthew Flinders Petrie, the pioneering archaeologist, and Margaret Murray.[3]
Personal Life
Janet would meet her lifelong partner Margaret Benson in 1896 during the second excavation of the Mut Complex. [2] The two would become fast friends and worked together over the span of two digging seasons[1]. Upon completion of their excavations, Margaret’s health began deteriorating, so the two women returned to their respective homes[1]. They kept in close contact via letters[4]. In these, they expressed their devotion, emotions, and happenings to one another. Margaret’s health never made a recovery so plans made by the pair to return to Egypt for more excavations were never continued.[1]
On March 3, 1912, Janet died in Kempshot Park, Basingstoke.[2] She never married in her lifetime.[2]
Professional Endeavors
Janet and Margaret were the first women to undertake an excavation of this nature and is acknowledged in their preface, which reads “we have to thank M. de Morgan’s liberality for the first permission to excavate given to women in Egypt” [5].
She joined Margaret Benson in 1896 in her second season of excavation at the Mut Complex in Karnak, Thebes, in Egypt.[6] Janet and Margaret’s excavation of the Mut Complex would go on to span three digging seasons.[7] Janet and Margaret are both credited with the excavation of the Temple of Mut in Asher, which they would later publish an account of in 1899. [8] It was published as an incomplete work, so that the information could be available to others and it would not be forgotten as if previously had been. Janet and Margaret’s excavation of the Mut Complex would go on to span two digging seasons. The two women restored many sculptures and architecture.[5] Notable statuary includes the head of Amun (or Amun-re), a figure of Ramsese II, the figure of priest Sur and various other items. One of the most well known figures recovered by Janet and Margaret was the head of a figure, commonly referred to as The Benson Head.[8] After identifying the items, the pair made an effort to account for religious representations associated with the pieces.[5]
Janet later worked on a journal describing an excavation of Mentu-Em-Hat that was completed with Percy E. Newberry [9]
Publications
- Benson, Margaret and Gourlay, Janet. The Temple of Mut in Asher: An account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the history of Egypt and the main religious ideas of the Egyptians, London, John Murray, 1899[10]
References
- ^ a b c d "Women in Old World Archaeology". www.brown.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ a b c d Bierbrier, M.L. (2012). Who Was Who in Egyptology. The Egypt Exploration Society. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-85698-207-1.
- ^ Sheppard, Kathleen (2021-07-06). "British Egyptology (1882-1914)". UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology. 1 (1).
- ^ Benson, Arthur Christopher (1917). Life and letters of Maggie Benson. University of California Libraries. London : J. Murray.
- ^ a b c Benson, Margaret; Gourlay, Janet A.; Newberry, Percy Edward (1899). Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the. Princeton Theological Seminary Library. London, J. Murray.
- ^ Peck, William H. "Janet A. Gourlay". Breaking Ground: Women in Old World Archaeology. Brown University. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
- ^ Pinkowski, Jennifer (2006). "Egypt's Ageless Goddess". Archaeology. 59 (5): 44–49. ISSN 0003-8113.
- ^ a b "sculpture | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
- ^ "Women in Old World Archaeology". www.brown.edu. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
- ^ Benson, Margaret; Gourlay, Janet A.; Newberry, Percy Edward (1899). Temple of Mut in Asher; an account of the excavation of the temple and of the religious representations and objects found therein, as illustrating the. Princeton Theological Seminary Library. London, J. Murray.
External links
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