User:Maphouse8/Streptococcus mitis: Difference between revisions
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Streptococcus mitis is a [[mesophilic]] alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the oral cavity. It is coccus, gram-positive, catalase negative, and |
Streptococcus mitis is a [[mesophilic]] alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the oral cavity. It is coccus (spherical shaped), gram-positive, catalase negative, and facultative anaerobe. It was previously classified as ''Streptococcus mitior''. Streptococcus mitis is known to cause several medical conditions one of them being infective endocarditis. |
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'''''Streptococcus mitis''''', previously known as '''''Streptococcus mitior''''', is a [[mesophilic]] alpha-hemolytic [[species]] of ''[[Streptococcus]]'' that inhabits the human [[mouth]]. It is most commonly found in the throat, nasopharynx, and mouth. It is a Gram-positive coccus, facultative anaerobe and catalase negative. It can cause [[infective endocarditis]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lamas |first1=C. C. |last2=Eykyn |first2=S. J. |year=2003 |title=Blood culture negative endocarditis: Analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years |journal=Heart |volume=89 |issue=3 |pages=258–262 |doi=10.1136/heart.89.3.258 |pmc=1767579 |pmid=12591823}}.</ref> It has been widely reported that this organism survived for over two years on the [[Surveyor 3]] probe on the [[Moon]]; but some [[NASA]] scientists suggest this may be a result of contamination during or after return of Surveyor parts to Earth.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Surveyor 3 Streptococcus Mitis (APSTREPMIT) |url=https://lsda.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/experiment/exper.aspx?exp_index=1651 |access-date=27 December 2015 |publisher=NASA}}</ref> |
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=== Moon Surveyor 3 Probe === |
=== Moon Surveyor 3 Probe === |
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==== Results ==== |
==== Results ==== |
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Upon inspection, a group found an amount of S. mitis inside a piece of foam located inside the camera. Culture plates were made and the identity was later confirmed as Streptococcus mitis at the US Communicable Disease Center at Atlanta, Georgia. At first, it was speculated that S. mitis had been picked up from the moon but research later discovered that the residence of the bacteria on the probe had started before the launch which is attributed to the camera not being sterilized before the launch. These finding are still impressive because the results conclude that the bacteria survived without a nutrient source, three years of exposure to radiation, temperatures of 20 degrees above absolute zero, and space vacuum. |
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Upon inspection, a group found an amount of S mitis inside a piece of foam located inside the camera. |
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=== Habitat === |
=== Habitat === |
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Revision as of 16:53, 8 April 2022
| Gram stain | Positive | ||
| Catalase | Negative | ||
| Shape | Coccus | ||
Edits for introduction:
Streptococcus mitis is a mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the oral cavity. It is coccus (spherical shaped), gram-positive, catalase negative, and facultative anaerobe. It was previously classified as Streptococcus mitior. Streptococcus mitis is known to cause several medical conditions one of them being infective endocarditis.
Original:
Streptococcus mitis, previously known as Streptococcus mitior, is a mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the human mouth. It is most commonly found in the throat, nasopharynx, and mouth. It is a Gram-positive coccus, facultative anaerobe and catalase negative. It can cause infective endocarditis.[1] It has been widely reported that this organism survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon; but some NASA scientists suggest this may be a result of contamination during or after return of Surveyor parts to Earth.[2]
Moon Surveyor 3 Probe
Approach
It has been reported that Streptococcus mitis identified and survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon. However, many NASA scientists speculate that this is most probably due to contamination upon return to Earth. The Apollo 12 crew received pieces of Surveyor in 1969, one of these was the TV camera. The probe was then analyzed to consider how the lunar environment affected the material. Surveyor 3 had not been sterilized before its launch because scientists wanted to see if organisms could survive the two and half years on the moon, so looking for surviving organic material was apart of this analysis.
Results
Upon inspection, a group found an amount of S. mitis inside a piece of foam located inside the camera. Culture plates were made and the identity was later confirmed as Streptococcus mitis at the US Communicable Disease Center at Atlanta, Georgia. At first, it was speculated that S. mitis had been picked up from the moon but research later discovered that the residence of the bacteria on the probe had started before the launch which is attributed to the camera not being sterilized before the launch. These finding are still impressive because the results conclude that the bacteria survived without a nutrient source, three years of exposure to radiation, temperatures of 20 degrees above absolute zero, and space vacuum.
Habitat
Streptococcus mitis primarily resides in the oral cavity which includes the mouth, nasopharynx, and throat. However, there have also been cases of it in the female genital tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and even in the integumentary system[3].
References
https://lsda.jsc.nasa.gov/Experiment/exper/1651?
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References
- ^ Lamas, C. C.; Eykyn, S. J. (2003). "Blood culture negative endocarditis: Analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years". Heart. 89 (3): 258–262. doi:10.1136/heart.89.3.258. PMC 1767579. PMID 12591823..
- ^ "Surveyor 3 Streptococcus Mitis (APSTREPMIT)". NASA. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ Kutlu, Selda Sayin; Sacar, Suzan; Cevahir, Nural; Turgut, Huseyin (2008-11-01). "Community-acquired Streptococcus mitis meningitis: a case report". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 12 (6): e107 – e109. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.01.003. ISSN 1201-9712.