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Alter: url, template type. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: newspaper, date, archive-date, archive-url, website, title, authors 1-1. Changed bare reference to CS1/2. | Use this tool. Report bugs. | #UCB_Gadget
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{{commons category|Seed balls}}
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* [http://www.yokohama-artproject.com/rmp/english/about/claymethod.html "What's a clay ball?" and "Clay Ball Method" advice derived directly from Fukuoka Masanobu by The RainMaker Project, a major project in Africa by Yokohama Art Project, Japanese NGO.]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.yokohama-artproject.com/rmp/english/about/claymethod.html|title = 横浜アートプロジェクト}} "What's a clay ball?" and "Clay Ball Method" advice derived directly from Fukuoka Masanobu by The RainMaker Project, a major project in Africa by Yokohama Art Project, Japanese NGO.
* [http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP0885554.pdf Masanobu Fukuoka's patent for advanced seedballs, titled "Paper/seed-unified planting seed unit and preparation process thereof"]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP0885554.pdf|title = Paper/Seed-unified planting seed unit and preparation process thereof}} Masanobu Fukuoka's patent for advanced seedballs
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060411200531/www.seedballs.com/3seedpa.html Making Seed Balls, by Jim Bones, he learned personally from Fukuoka Masanobu and from his books.]
* {{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411200531/www.seedballs.com/3seedpa.html|title = X1seed~1}} Making Seed Balls, by Jim Bones, he learned personally from Fukuoka Masanobu and from his books.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWyduWsoy8o The Seed Ball Story, a video by Jim Bones about desert habitat restoration using seed balls in Big Bend National Park, Texas.]
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWyduWsoy8o|title = Seed Ball Story|website = [[YouTube]]}}</ref> The Seed Ball Story, a video by Jim Bones about desert habitat restoration using seed balls in Big Bend National Park, Texas.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060107163237/http://www.seedballs.com/tblcon.html The entire "Lost Seed Ball Pages" by Jim Bones, An early overview of seed ball production and uses, including instructions for making a von Bachmayr Rotary Drum.]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.seedballs.com/tblcon.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060107163237/http://www.seedballs.com/tblcon.html|archive-date = 2006-01-07|title = 6seedpa}} The entire "Lost Seed Ball Pages" by Jim Bones, An early overview of seed ball production and uses, including instructions for making a von Bachmayr Rotary Drum.
* [http://www.seedballs.us "Seed Balls R Us" A crossroads website dedicated to sharing seed ball information links and videos.]
* <ref>http://www.seedballs.us</ref> "Seed Balls R Us" A crossroads website dedicated to sharing seed ball information links and videos.]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4-bwW8PWI0 "Seed Balls by Masanobu Fukuoka 1997" YouTube 18:43 long video, caption: "Natural Farmer Masanobu Fukuoka conducts a workshop for making seed balls at his natural farm and forest in Japan."]
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4-bwW8PWI0|title = Masanobu Fukuoka Makes Seed Balls|website = [[YouTube]]}} "Seed Balls by Masanobu Fukuoka 1997" YouTube 18:43 long video, caption: "Natural Farmer Masanobu Fukuoka conducts a workshop for making seed balls at his natural farm and forest in Japan."
* [http://www.tve.org/ho/doc.cfm?aid=1401&lang=English Making Hay with Clay - Greece]
* <ref>http://www.tve.org/ho/doc.cfm?aid=1401&lang=English</ref> Making Hay with Clay - Greece]
* [http://www.seedball.com How to make seedballs]
* <ref>http://www.seedball.com</ref> How to make seedballs]
* [http://seed-balls.com/how-to/details/how-to-choose-your-seed-balls A discussion of the pros and cons of different seed ball recipes]
* {{Cite web|url=http://seed-balls.com/how-to/details/how-to-choose-your-seed-balls|title=Which Type of Seed Ball?}} A discussion of the pros and cons of different seed ball recipes
* [http://sites.google.com/site/onseedballs/ 'On Seedballs', a website dedicated to seedballs]
* {{Cite web|url=http://sites.google.com/site/onseedballs/|title = On Seedballs}} a website dedicated to seedballs
* [http://guerrillagardening.org/community/index.php?board=293.0 Seed Bomb R&D forum come read and discuss about seed balls.]
* {{Cite web|url=http://guerrillagardening.org/community/index.php?board=293.0|title = Seed Bomb R&D}}
*[http://www.stuffyoushouldknow.com/podcasts/how-guerrilla-gardening-works/ Stuffyoushouldknow.com]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.stuffyoushouldknow.com/podcasts/how-guerrilla-gardening-works/|title = Stuff You Should Know}}
*[http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Seed-Bomb Wikihow.com]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Seed-Bomb|title=How to Make a Seed Bomb}} Wikihow.com
*[http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-hm.0529.seedbomb-pg,0,4073581.photogallery#axzz2im1rw4UK Latimes.com]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-hm.0529.seedbomb-pg,0,4073581.photogallery#axzz2im1rw4UK|title=How to make seed bombs|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}
*[http://www.gardenista.com/posts/diy-wildflower-seed-bombs Gardenista.com]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.gardenista.com/posts/diy-wildflower-seed-bombs|title=DIY: Make Your Own Wildflower Seed Bombs|date=16 May 2019}} Gardenista.com
*[https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-04-14/lifestyle/35454538_1_guerrilla-gardeners-garden-store-social-justice Articles.washingtonpost.com]
* <ref>https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-04-14/lifestyle/35454538_1_guerrilla-gardeners-garden-store-social-justice</ref> Articles.washingtonpost.com
*[http://www.permanentculturenow.com/guerrilla-gardening/ Permanentculturenow.com]
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.permanentculturenow.com/guerrilla-gardening/|title = Guerrilla gardening &#124; Permanent Culture Now}}
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/8548005.stm News.bbc.co.uk]
* {{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/8548005.stm|title = How guerrilla gardening took root|date = 15 March 2010}}
*[https://www.npr.org/2006/05/29/5435131/tending-defiant-gardens-during-wartime Npr.org]
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2006/05/29/5435131/tending-defiant-gardens-during-wartime|title = Tending 'Defiant Gardens' During Wartime|website = NPR.org}}
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/02/99/e-cyclopedia/720544.stm News.bbc.co.uk]
* {{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/02/99/e-cyclopedia/720544.stm|title = BBC News &#124; E-CYCLOPEDIA &#124; Guerrilla gardening: Resistance is fertile}}
*[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2011/apr/11/seed-bombs-derelict-land-flowers Theguardian.com]
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2011/apr/11/seed-bombs-derelict-land-flowers|title = Seedbombs are weapon of choice in war against wastelands &#124; Leo Hickman|website = [[TheGuardian.com]]|date = 11 April 2011}}
*[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2008/apr/25/seedbombing The guerrilla gardener's seedbomb recipe]
* {{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2008/apr/25/seedbombing|title=Video: The guerrilla gardener's seedbomb recipe|newspaper=The Guardian|date=24 April 2008|last1=Domokos|first1=John}}
*[http://seed-balls.com/planning-a-seed-bomb-strike Planning an Effective Seed Bomb Strike]
* {{Cite web|url=http://seed-balls.com/planning-a-seed-bomb-strike|title = Planning a Seed Bomb Strike}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


Revision as of 17:35, 17 April 2022

A seed ball
Plants sprouting from seed balls

Seed balls, also known as earth balls or nendo dango (Japanese: 粘土団子), consist of a variety of different seeds rolled within a ball of clay, preferably volcanic pyroclastic red clay. Various additives may be included, such as humus or compost. These are placed around the seeds, at the center of the ball, to provide microbial inoculants. Cotton-fibres or liquefied paper are sometimes mixed into the clay in order to strengthen it, or liquefied paper mash coated on the outside to further protect the clay ball during sowing by throwing, or in particularly harsh habitats.

Development of technique

Masanobu Fukuoka, throwing the first seedball at the workshop at Navdanya, in October 2002

The technique for creating seed balls was rediscovered by Japanese natural farming pioneer Masanobu Fukuoka.[1] The technique was also used, for instance, in ancient Egypt to repair farms after the annual spring flooding of the Nile. In modern times, during the period of the Second World War, this Japanese government plant scientist working in a government lab, Fukuoka, who lived on the mountainous island of Shikoku, wanted to find a technique that would increase food production without taking away from the land already allocated for traditional rice production which thrived in the volcanic rich soils of Japan.[2][3]

Construction

Drying seed balls

To make a seed ball, generally about five measures of red clay by volume are combined with one measure of seeds. The balls are formed between 10mm and 80mm (about 1⁄2" to 3") in diameter. After the seed balls have been formed, they must dry for 24-48 hours before use.

Seed bombing

Seed bombing is the practice of introducing vegetation to land by throwing or dropping seed balls. It is used in modern aerial seeding as a way to deter seed predation. It has also been popularized by green movements such as guerrilla gardening as a way to introduce new plants to an environment.

Guerrilla gardening

The term "seed green-aide" was first used by Liz Christy in 1973 when she started the Green Guerillas.[4] The first seed green-aides were made from condoms filled with tomato seeds, and fertilizer.[5] They were tossed over fences onto empty lots in New York City in order to make the neighborhoods look better. It was the start of the guerrilla gardening movement.[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ Adler, Margot (April 15, 2009). "Environmentalists Adopt New Weapon: Seed Balls". NPR. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
  2. ^ Fukuoka (福岡), Masanobu (正信) (May 1978) [1st publ. in Japanese September 1975], Larry Korn (ed.), The One-Straw Revolution An Introduction to Natural Farming, translated by Chris Pearce; Tsune Kurosawa; Larry Korn, Emmaus, Pennsylvania: Rodale Press, ISBN 0878572201
  3. ^ Fukuoka (福岡), Masanobu (正信) (December 1987) [1st publ. in Japanese December 1975], The Natural Way of Farming The Theory and Practice of Green Philosophy, translated by Frederic P Metreaud (rev. ed.), Tokyo: Japan Publications, ISBN 978-0-87040-613-3
  4. ^ "Our History | Green Guerillas". www.greenguerillas.org. Retrieved 2017-12-31.
  5. ^ "How Guerrilla Gardening Works". How Stuff Works. Retrieved 2017-09-12.
  6. ^ Robinson, Joe (29 May 2008). "Guerrilla gardener movement takes root in L.A. area". L.A. Times. Retrieved 12 June 2014.

Further reading

  • Smith, K. (2007). The guerilla art kit. Princeton Architectural Press.
  • Huxta, B. (2009). Garden-variety graffiti. Organic gardening, 2009.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Seed balls.
  1. ^ http://www.seedballs.us
  2. ^ http://www.tve.org/ho/doc.cfm?aid=1401&lang=English
  3. ^ http://www.seedball.com
  4. ^ https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-04-14/lifestyle/35454538_1_guerrilla-gardeners-garden-store-social-justice
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