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Rulifson joined the [[Augmentation Research Center]], at the Stanford Research Institute (now [[SRI International]]) in 1966, working on a form of software called “timesharing”. He led the software team that implemented the [[NLS (computer system)|oN-Line System]] (NLS), a system that foreshadowed many future developments in modern computing and networking.<ref name="hof">{{cite web|url=http://www.sri.com/about/alumni/alumni-hall-fame-2006#Rulifson|title=Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson|work=SRI Hall of fame|publisher=[[SRI International]]|accessdate=2013-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701192553/http://www.sri.com/about/alumni/alumni-hall-fame-2006#Rulifson|archive-date=2013-07-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> Specifically, Rulifson developed the command language for the NLS, among other features.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cTyfxP-g2IIC&pg=PT237 | title=What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal ComputerIndustry| isbn=9781101201084| last1=Markoff| first1=John| date=2005-04-21}}</ref> His first job was to create the first display-based on the CDC 3100, and the programs he wrote included the first online editor. He also redesigned its file structure.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bootstrapping00thie | url-access=registration | page=[https://archive.org/details/bootstrapping00thie/page/122 122] | title=Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal Computing| publisher=Stanford University Press | isbn=9780804738712| last1=Bardini| first1=Thierry| year=2000}}</ref> Rulifson was also lead programmer<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7768481.stm|title = The mouse hits 40-year milestone|date = 9 December 2008}}</ref> and wrote the program and demonstration files for the first public demonstration of the computer mouse in 1968.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6IVACwAAQBAJ&pg=PA462 | title=Handbook of Research on Estimation and Control Techniques in E-Learning Systems| isbn=9781466694903| last1=Mkrttchian| first1=Vardan| date=2015-12-22}}</ref> He was also the chief programmer of the first use of hypertext.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=1055 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628225943/http://historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=1055 |archive-date=2017-06-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although [[Douglas Engelbart]] was the founder and leader of ARC, Rulifson's innovative programming was essential to the realization of Engelbart's vision. Rulifson was also involved in the development of NIL.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/afips/1970/5075/00/50750589.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830165154/https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/afips/1970/5075/00/50750589.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Rulifson joined the [[Augmentation Research Center]], at the Stanford Research Institute (now [[SRI International]]) in 1966, working on a form of software called “timesharing”. He led the software team that implemented the [[NLS (computer system)|oN-Line System]] (NLS), a system that foreshadowed many future developments in modern computing and networking.<ref name="hof">{{cite web|url=http://www.sri.com/about/alumni/alumni-hall-fame-2006#Rulifson|title=Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson|work=SRI Hall of fame|publisher=[[SRI International]]|accessdate=2013-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701192553/http://www.sri.com/about/alumni/alumni-hall-fame-2006#Rulifson|archive-date=2013-07-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> Specifically, Rulifson developed the command language for the NLS, among other features.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cTyfxP-g2IIC&pg=PT237 | title=What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal ComputerIndustry| isbn=9781101201084| last1=Markoff| first1=John| date=2005-04-21}}</ref> His first job was to create the first display-based on the CDC 3100, and the programs he wrote included the first online editor. He also redesigned its file structure.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bootstrapping00thie | url-access=registration | page=[https://archive.org/details/bootstrapping00thie/page/122 122] | title=Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal Computing| publisher=Stanford University Press | isbn=9780804738712| last1=Bardini| first1=Thierry| year=2000}}</ref> Rulifson was also lead programmer<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7768481.stm|title = The mouse hits 40-year milestone|date = 9 December 2008}}</ref> and wrote the program and demonstration files for the first public demonstration of the computer mouse in 1968.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6IVACwAAQBAJ&pg=PA462 | title=Handbook of Research on Estimation and Control Techniques in E-Learning Systems| isbn=9781466694903| last1=Mkrttchian| first1=Vardan| date=2015-12-22}}</ref> He was also the chief programmer of the first use of hypertext.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=1055 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628225943/http://historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=1055 |archive-date=2017-06-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although [[Douglas Engelbart]] was the founder and leader of ARC, Rulifson's innovative programming was essential to the realization of Engelbart's vision. Rulifson was also involved in the development of NIL.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/afips/1970/5075/00/50750589.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830165154/https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/afips/1970/5075/00/50750589.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


Rulifson was the SRI's representative to the "network working group" in 1968,<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9BfZxFZpElwC&pg=PA59 |title = Inventing the Internet|isbn = 9780262261333|last1 = Abbate|first1 = Janet|date = 2000-07-24}}</ref> which led to the first connection on the [[ARPANET]].<ref>{{citation |title= Host Software |author= Steve Crocker |work= RFC 1 |date= April 7, 1969|publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> He described the Decode-Encode Language (DEL), which was designed to allow remote use of NLS over ARPANET.<ref>{{citation |title= DEL |author= Jeff Rulifson |work= RFC 5 |date= June 2, 1969 |publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> Although never used, the idea was small "programs" would be down-loaded to enhance user interaction. This concept was fully developed in [[Sun Microsystems]]'s [[Java (programming language)|Java programming language]] almost 30 years later, as [[applet]]s.<ref>{{citation |title= 30 Years of RFCs |author= RFC Editor, et a. |work= RFC 2555 |date= April 7, 1999 |publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> Simultaneously, he was involved in the development of the AI programming language QA4. This system was used for the planning done by Shakey, one of the first robots.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubviWXXcrvoC&pg=PA180 | title=Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: Second, Enlarged Edition| isbn=9780486152721| last1=Jackson| first1=Philip C.| date=2013-02-19}}</ref>
Rulifson was the SRI's representative to the "network working group" in 1968,<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9BfZxFZpElwC&pg=PA59 |title = Inventing the Internet|isbn = 9780262261333|last1 = Abbate|first1 = Janet|author-link = Janet Abbate|date = 2000-07-24}}</ref> which led to the first connection on the [[ARPANET]].<ref>{{citation |title= Host Software |author= Steve Crocker |work= RFC 1 |date= April 7, 1969|publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> He described the Decode-Encode Language (DEL), which was designed to allow remote use of NLS over ARPANET.<ref>{{citation |title= DEL |author= Jeff Rulifson |work= RFC 5 |date= June 2, 1969 |publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> Although never used, the idea was small "programs" would be down-loaded to enhance user interaction. This concept was fully developed in [[Sun Microsystems]]'s [[Java (programming language)|Java programming language]] almost 30 years later, as [[applet]]s.<ref>{{citation |title= 30 Years of RFCs |author= RFC Editor, et a. |work= RFC 2555 |date= April 7, 1999 |publisher= Network Working Group }}</ref> Simultaneously, he was involved in the development of the AI programming language QA4. This system was used for the planning done by Shakey, one of the first robots.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubviWXXcrvoC&pg=PA180 | title=Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: Second, Enlarged Edition| isbn=9780486152721| last1=Jackson| first1=Philip C.| date=2013-02-19}}</ref>


He left SRI to join the System Sciences Laboratory (SSL) within [[PARC (company)|Xerox PARC]] in 1973.<ref name="mouse" /> Here he began work on personal computing and the creation of local networks.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AzbSDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT220 | title=History of Technology| isbn=9781350018976| last1=Inkster| first1=Ian| date=2016-09-30}}</ref> One of his first actions was to develop the concept for the desktop icon.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2y4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35 | title=InfoWorld| publisher=InfoWorld Media Group| date=1985-05-13}}</ref> By 1978 he was the manager of the center's Office Research Group, where he introduced the use of interdisciplinary scholars into the group's work.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuC9Zf7IRywC&pg=PA2 |title = Making Work Visible: Ethnographically Grounded Case Studies of Work Practice|isbn = 9780521190725|last1 = Szymanski|first1 = Margaret H.|last2 = Whalen|first2 = Jack|date = 2011-03-31}}</ref> Specifically, he was the first computer scientist to begin working alongside anthropologists, hiring several at Xerox to improve their use of field research<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E42AAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA188 | title=Subversion, Conversion, Development: Cross-Cultural Knowledge Exchange and the Politics of Design| isbn=9780262525831| last1=Leach| first1=James| last2=Wilson| first2=Lee| date=2014-04-25}}</ref> and enter the field of social science research.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hfG6r7kTl7oC&pg=RA3-PT108 |title = Interdisciplinarity: Reconfigurations of the Social and Natural Sciences|isbn = 978-1136658457|last1 = Barry|first1 = Andrew|last2 = Born|first2 = Georgina|date = 2013-06-26}}</ref>
He left SRI to join the System Sciences Laboratory (SSL) within [[PARC (company)|Xerox PARC]] in 1973.<ref name="mouse" /> Here he began work on personal computing and the creation of local networks.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AzbSDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT220 | title=History of Technology| isbn=9781350018976| last1=Inkster| first1=Ian| date=2016-09-30}}</ref> One of his first actions was to develop the concept for the desktop icon.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2y4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35 | title=InfoWorld| publisher=InfoWorld Media Group| date=1985-05-13}}</ref> By 1978 he was the manager of the center's Office Research Group, where he introduced the use of interdisciplinary scholars into the group's work.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuC9Zf7IRywC&pg=PA2 |title = Making Work Visible: Ethnographically Grounded Case Studies of Work Practice|isbn = 9780521190725|last1 = Szymanski|first1 = Margaret H.|last2 = Whalen|first2 = Jack|date = 2011-03-31}}</ref> Specifically, he was the first computer scientist to begin working alongside anthropologists, hiring several at Xerox to improve their use of field research<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E42AAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA188 | title=Subversion, Conversion, Development: Cross-Cultural Knowledge Exchange and the Politics of Design| isbn=9780262525831| last1=Leach| first1=James| last2=Wilson| first2=Lee| date=2014-04-25}}</ref> and enter the field of social science research.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hfG6r7kTl7oC&pg=RA3-PT108 |title = Interdisciplinarity: Reconfigurations of the Social and Natural Sciences|isbn = 978-1136658457|last1 = Barry|first1 = Andrew|last2 = Born|first2 = Georgina|date = 2013-06-26}}</ref>

Revision as of 17:23, 18 April 2022

Jeff Rulifson
Jeff Rulifson in 2008
Born1941
(1941-08-20) August 20, 1941 (age 83)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Washington
Stanford University
Known forDevelopment of the oN-Line System (NLS)
Scientific career
FieldsComputer science
InstitutionsStanford Research Institute
Xerox PARC
ROLM
Sun Microsystems
Syntelligence

Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson (born August 20, 1941) is an American computer scientist.

Early life and education

Johns Frederick Rulifson was born August 20, 1941 in Bellefontaine, Ohio. His father was Erwin Charles Rulifson and mother was Virginia Helen Johns. Rulifson married Janet Irving on June 8, 1963 and had two children.[1] He received a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Washington in 1966.[1] Rulifson earned a Ph.D. in computer science from Stanford University in 1973.[1][2]

Career

Rulifson joined the Augmentation Research Center, at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) in 1966, working on a form of software called “timesharing”. He led the software team that implemented the oN-Line System (NLS), a system that foreshadowed many future developments in modern computing and networking.[3] Specifically, Rulifson developed the command language for the NLS, among other features.[4] His first job was to create the first display-based on the CDC 3100, and the programs he wrote included the first online editor. He also redesigned its file structure.[5] Rulifson was also lead programmer[6] and wrote the program and demonstration files for the first public demonstration of the computer mouse in 1968.[7] He was also the chief programmer of the first use of hypertext.[8] Although Douglas Engelbart was the founder and leader of ARC, Rulifson's innovative programming was essential to the realization of Engelbart's vision. Rulifson was also involved in the development of NIL.[9]

Rulifson was the SRI's representative to the "network working group" in 1968,[10] which led to the first connection on the ARPANET.[11] He described the Decode-Encode Language (DEL), which was designed to allow remote use of NLS over ARPANET.[12] Although never used, the idea was small "programs" would be down-loaded to enhance user interaction. This concept was fully developed in Sun Microsystems's Java programming language almost 30 years later, as applets.[13] Simultaneously, he was involved in the development of the AI programming language QA4. This system was used for the planning done by Shakey, one of the first robots.[14]

He left SRI to join the System Sciences Laboratory (SSL) within Xerox PARC in 1973.[1] Here he began work on personal computing and the creation of local networks.[15] One of his first actions was to develop the concept for the desktop icon.[16] By 1978 he was the manager of the center's Office Research Group, where he introduced the use of interdisciplinary scholars into the group's work.[17] Specifically, he was the first computer scientist to begin working alongside anthropologists, hiring several at Xerox to improve their use of field research[18] and enter the field of social science research.[19]

At PARC, he worked on implementing distributed office systems. In 1980, he worked for ROLM as an engineering manager and joined Syntelligence, an artificial intelligence applications vendor in Sunnyvale, California, in 1985.[1] He began working for Sun Microsystems Laboratories in 1987, and held positions including as a director of engineering, technology development, and research groups. He then managed Ivan Sutherland's lab from 2003 until his retirement.[20] He is an emeritus board member of the Doug Engelbart Institute[21] and Chairman of The Open Group.[22]

Jeff Rulifsons papers and research from 1956 to 1997 are held at the Computer History Museum, with a guide to his work entitled Guide to the Jeff Rulifson papers, written by Bo Doub, Kim Hayden, and Sara Chabino Lott.[23]

Awards

In 1990, Rulifson won the Association for Computing Machinery's Software System Award for implementing groundbreaking innovations such as hypertext, outline processors, and video conferencing.[24] In 1994, he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, for his “pioneering work on augmenting human intellect with hypertext, outline processors, and video conferencing.”[25] In 2006 Rulifson was named to the SRI International Hall of Fame.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson". Biographical Sketches. Stanford University. November 9, 1996. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  2. ^ "IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS, VOL. c-25, NO. 8, AUGUST 1976" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-04-06. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
  3. ^ a b "Johns Frederick (Jeff) Rulifson". SRI Hall of fame. SRI International. Archived from the original on 2013-07-01. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
  4. ^ Markoff, John (2005-04-21). What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal ComputerIndustry. ISBN 9781101201084.
  5. ^ Bardini, Thierry (2000). Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal Computing. Stanford University Press. p. 122. ISBN 9780804738712.
  6. ^ "The mouse hits 40-year milestone". 9 December 2008.
  7. ^ Mkrttchian, Vardan (2015-12-22). Handbook of Research on Estimation and Control Techniques in E-Learning Systems. ISBN 9781466694903.
  8. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-06-28. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-30. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ Abbate, Janet (2000-07-24). Inventing the Internet. ISBN 9780262261333.
  11. ^ Steve Crocker (April 7, 1969), "Host Software", RFC 1, Network Working Group
  12. ^ Jeff Rulifson (June 2, 1969), "DEL", RFC 5, Network Working Group
  13. ^ RFC Editor, et a. (April 7, 1999), "30 Years of RFCs", RFC 2555, Network Working Group {{citation}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  14. ^ Jackson, Philip C. (2013-02-19). Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: Second, Enlarged Edition. ISBN 9780486152721.
  15. ^ Inkster, Ian (2016-09-30). History of Technology. ISBN 9781350018976.
  16. ^ "InfoWorld". InfoWorld Media Group. 1985-05-13.
  17. ^ Szymanski, Margaret H.; Whalen, Jack (2011-03-31). Making Work Visible: Ethnographically Grounded Case Studies of Work Practice. ISBN 9780521190725.
  18. ^ Leach, James; Wilson, Lee (2014-04-25). Subversion, Conversion, Development: Cross-Cultural Knowledge Exchange and the Politics of Design. ISBN 9780262525831.
  19. ^ Barry, Andrew; Born, Georgina (2013-06-26). Interdisciplinarity: Reconfigurations of the Social and Natural Sciences. ISBN 978-1136658457.
  20. ^ "Celebrating the man who invented the mouse". 10 December 2008.
  21. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-04-06. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  22. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-09-23. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-04-06. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  24. ^ "1990 – Jeff Rulifson: NLS". Software system award citation. Association for Computing Machinery. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  25. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-01-02. Retrieved 2018-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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