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'''King's Highway 5''', commonly referred to as '''Highway 5''' and historically as the '''Dundas Highway''', is a [[Ontario Provincial Highway Network|provincially maintained highway]] in the [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Canadian province]] of [[Ontario]]. The east&ndash;west highway travels a distance of {{convert|12.7|km|mi|abbr=on}} between [[Ontario Highway 8|Highway 8]] at [[Peter's Corners, Ontario|Peter's Corners]], north of [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], and [[Ontario Highway 6|Highway 6]] at [[Clappison's Corners, Ontario|Clappison's Corners]]. Prior to several sections being downloaded to the [[municipalities]] in which they are located, Highway&nbsp;5 served as bypass to [[Ontario Highway 2|Highway&nbsp;2]], connecting with it in both [[Paris, Ontario|Paris]] and [[Toronto]], a distance of {{convert|114.3|km|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite book
'''King's Highway 5''', commonly referred to as '''Highway 5''' and historically as the '''Dundas Highway''', is a [[Ontario Provincial Highway Network|provincially maintained highway]] in the [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Canadian province]] of [[Ontario]]. The east&ndash;west highway travels a distance of {{convert|12.7|km|mi|abbr=on}} between [[Ontario Highway 8|Highway 8]] at [[Peters Corners, Ontario|Peters Corners]], north of [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], and [[Ontario Highway 6|Highway 6]] at [[Clappison's Corners, Ontario|Clappison's Corners]]. Prior to several sections being downloaded to the [[municipalities]] in which they are located, Highway&nbsp;5 served as bypass to [[Ontario Highway 2|Highway&nbsp;2]], connecting with it in both [[Paris, Ontario|Paris]] and [[Toronto]], a distance of {{convert|114.3|km|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite book


| title = Provincial Highways Distance Table
| title = Provincial Highways Distance Table
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The current route of Highway{{nbsp}}5 is almost entirely straight and rural. It passes immediately to the north of the [[Niagara Escarpment]], a World Biosphere Reserve. South of the escarpment is the town of [[Dundas, Ontario|Dundas]], once a separate settlement that has recently become a suburb of [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]. Both lie on the western tip of [[Lake Ontario]].
The current route of Highway{{nbsp}}5 is almost entirely straight and rural. It passes immediately to the north of the [[Niagara Escarpment]], a World Biosphere Reserve. South of the escarpment is the town of [[Dundas, Ontario|Dundas]], once a separate settlement that has recently become a suburb of [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]. Both lie on the western tip of [[Lake Ontario]].


It begins at the southern end of Highway{{nbsp}}8 in Peter's Corners, next to the junction with former [[Ontario Highway 52|Highway&nbsp;52]]. To the west, the road is known as Hamilton Regional Road{{nbsp}}5 and proceeds towards [[Paris, Ontario|Paris]]. Proceeding east, it passes several houses before crossing a ravine. The highway divides a forest, then becomes surrounded by farm fields on either side. It crosses Spencer Creek as it approaches Brock Road. Spencer Creek plunges over the nearby escarpment at [[Webster's Falls]]. Continuing, Highway{{nbsp}}5 passes north of several new subdivisions and returns to a farmland setting. It passes through the rural [[hamlet (place)|hamlet]] of [[Rock Chapel, Ontario|Rock Chapel]], and then curves to the left on its final approach to Highway{{nbsp}}6. East of Highway{{nbsp}}6, the road becomes Halton Regional Road{{nbsp}}5, but is more commonly known as [[Dundas Street (Toronto)|Dundas Street]].
It begins at the southern end of Highway{{nbsp}}8 in Peters Corners, next to the junction with former [[Ontario Highway 52|Highway&nbsp;52]]. To the west, the road is known as Hamilton Regional Road{{nbsp}}5 and proceeds towards [[Paris, Ontario|Paris]]. Proceeding east, it passes several houses before crossing a ravine. The highway divides a forest, then becomes surrounded by farm fields on either side. It crosses Spencer Creek as it approaches Brock Road. Spencer Creek plunges over the nearby escarpment at [[Webster's Falls]]. Continuing, Highway{{nbsp}}5 passes north of several new subdivisions and returns to a farmland setting. It passes through the rural [[hamlet (place)|hamlet]] of [[Rock Chapel, Ontario|Rock Chapel]], and then curves to the left on its final approach to Highway{{nbsp}}6. East of Highway{{nbsp}}6, the road becomes Halton Regional Road{{nbsp}}5, but is more commonly known as [[Dundas Street (Toronto)|Dundas Street]].


== History ==
== History ==
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=== Since 1998 ===
=== Since 1998 ===
An operational and safety review of the three intersections at Peter's Corners near Hamilton was undertaken in February 2001. Studies, including an [[Environmental impact assessment|environmental assessment]] were conducted between 2004 and 2009, and settled upon a [[roundabout]] as the ideal replacement, with traffic signals at the two intersections with Westover Road.<ref name="road talk">{{cite periodical
An operational and safety review of the three intersections at Peters Corners near Hamilton was undertaken in February 2001. Studies, including an [[Environmental impact assessment|environmental assessment]] were conducted between 2004 and 2009, and settled upon a [[roundabout]] as the ideal replacement, with traffic signals at the two intersections with Westover Road.<ref name="road talk">{{cite periodical
| title = Gonna Go 'Round in Circles
| title = Gonna Go 'Round in Circles
| publisher = Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
| publisher = Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
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{{Jctint
{{Jctint
|state=ON
|state=ON
|location=Peter's Corners
|location=Peters Corners
|ctdab=
|ctdab=
|mile=18.3
|mile=18.3
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}}</ref>|division=[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]}}
}}</ref>|division=[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]}}
{{ONint
{{ONint
| location_special = Peter's Corners
| location_special = Peters Corners
| km = 0.0
| km = 0.0
| road = {{jcon|Hwy|8|city=Cambridge}}
| road = {{jcon|Hwy|8|city=Cambridge}}

Revision as of 01:23, 19 April 2022

See also: Dundas Street
Highway 5 marker
Highway 5
Map
A map of Highway 5
  Highway 5   Sections decommissioned January 1, 1998   Sections decommissioned prior to 1998
Route information
Maintained by Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
Length14.0 km[1] (8.7 mi)
Existed1920–present
Major junctions
West end Highway 8 – Dundas
East end Highway 6 – Waterdown
Location
CountryCanada
ProvinceOntario
Major citiesHamilton (Waterdown)
Highway system
← Highway 4→ Highway 6
Former provincial highways
Highway 5A  →

King's Highway 5, commonly referred to as Highway 5 and historically as the Dundas Highway, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The east–west highway travels a distance of 12.7 km (7.9 mi) between Highway 8 at Peters Corners, north of Hamilton, and Highway 6 at Clappison's Corners. Prior to several sections being downloaded to the municipalities in which they are located, Highway 5 served as bypass to Highway 2, connecting with it in both Paris and Toronto, a distance of 114.3 km (71.0 mi).[2]

Highway 5 followed a significant piece of Dundas Street (also called The Governor's Road), one of two routes constructed under the orders of John Graves Simcoe during his short tenure as Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, the other being Yonge Street. The route was adopted into the provincial highway system in 1920 and numbered as Highway 5 in 1925.

Route description

An abandoned section of highway lies in the bush next to the current route, north of Greensville

Highway 5 serves as a short connector between Highway 8 in the west and Highway 6 in the east, and is essentially a continuation of Highway 8. This configuration comes as a result of the truncation of both highways by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO). The removed sections were transferred to the jurisdiction of the City of Toronto, the City of Mississauga, the Regional Municipality of Halton, the City of Hamilton, the County of Brant, and Oxford County on January 1, 1998. Until then, Highway 5 followed a large portion of Dundas Street between Toronto and Paris.

The current route of Highway 5 is almost entirely straight and rural. It passes immediately to the north of the Niagara Escarpment, a World Biosphere Reserve. South of the escarpment is the town of Dundas, once a separate settlement that has recently become a suburb of Hamilton. Both lie on the western tip of Lake Ontario.

It begins at the southern end of Highway 8 in Peters Corners, next to the junction with former Highway 52. To the west, the road is known as Hamilton Regional Road 5 and proceeds towards Paris. Proceeding east, it passes several houses before crossing a ravine. The highway divides a forest, then becomes surrounded by farm fields on either side. It crosses Spencer Creek as it approaches Brock Road. Spencer Creek plunges over the nearby escarpment at Webster's Falls. Continuing, Highway 5 passes north of several new subdivisions and returns to a farmland setting. It passes through the rural hamlet of Rock Chapel, and then curves to the left on its final approach to Highway 6. East of Highway 6, the road becomes Halton Regional Road 5, but is more commonly known as Dundas Street.

History

Predecessors

Provincial highway

The high-level bridge over Sixteen Mile Creek opened in 1922, replacing a winding route through the ravine valley that exists today as an access road and park trail[3]

When the Department of Public Highways of Ontario (DPHO) began taking over the responsibility of roads in 1917, it did not assign route numbers. Highways were instead initially referred to by the major cities they connected. What would become Provincial Highway 5 during the summer of 1925 was initially known as the Hamilton–Jarvis Highway and the Dundas Highway.[4][5][6] Throughout the summer of 1920, several roads were taken over by the DPHO through Haldimand County, Wentworth County, Halton County, Peel County and York County. Within Haldimand County, the road between Jarvis and north of Caledonia was taken over (or assumed) by the province on June 24, 1920. Another set of roads were assumed through Wentworth on July 8, connecting with the portion in Haldimand County, through Hamilton to Clappisons Corners and east through Waterdown along Dundas Street. Within Peel, through what is now Mississauga, Dundas Street was assumed on July 22. The portion of Dundas Street within Halton, from Waterdown to what is now Winston Churchill Boulevard, was assumed on July 31. A final portion, within York County, was assumed through Etobicoke as far east as the village of Islington on July 29.[7] Portions of the route through Caledonia, Hagersville,[6] Jarvis and Hamilton were not assumed by the DPHO.

Several more segments of road were assumed the following year, including two portions on the outskirts of Toronto. On March 16, 3.9 kilometres (2.4 mi) of Dundas Street, between Islington Village (at the modern corners of Dundas, Bloor and Kipling) and the Toronto city limits at Jane Street were assumed by the DPHO. On September 14, another 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) of road were assumed along Danforth Avenue, from Sibley Avenue to Kingston Road, via Pinegrove Avenue and Highview Avenue;[8][9] Danforth Avenue did not continue east of Warden Avenue at this time, and so the DPHO constructed a new railway overpass and extended the route to Kingston Road, which opened in 1925.[10]

Within Wentworth County, the construction of the Clappison's Cut through the Niagara Escarpment was underway by 1921, with the aim of bypassing the winding old route that is known today as Old Guelph Road.[5] The new route, which travelled straight along the boundary between East and West Flamboro, was assumed on January 12, 1921.[8] The province also constructed several new bridges across Cootes Paradise to create a new northwest entrance into Hamilton. The new entrance, connecting the Toronto–Hamilton Highway (later Highway 2) with the incomplete route up the escarpment at Clappison, was ceremonially opened by the Minister of Public Works and Highways, Frank Campbell Biggs, on August 23, 1922.[11]


Clappison Cut construction, 1920–1924
  • A set of rails were installed to remove excavated earth and rock
    A set of rails were installed to remove excavated earth and rock
  • Completed work
    Completed work

While Highway 5 and Highway 6 travelled concurrently from Highway 8 in downtown Hamilton to Clappison's Corners when route numbers were assigned in 1925,[4] this situation was short lived. On May 27 Highway 5 was redirected west from Clappison's Corners to Peters Corners to meet Highway 8. Highway 6, in turn, assumed the route of Highway 5 south to Jarvis.[12]

New grade separation between Highway 5 (Danforth Avenue) and Highway 2 (Kingston Road) in Scarborough in 1938

Shift of responsibility

In 1997, responsibility for portions of the highway were transferred from the province to the corresponding municipalities resulting in its current route. The former sections of the highway are now managed by the individual cities, towns, and counties they run through.[citation needed]

Since 1998

An operational and safety review of the three intersections at Peters Corners near Hamilton was undertaken in February 2001. Studies, including an environmental assessment were conducted between 2004 and 2009, and settled upon a roundabout as the ideal replacement, with traffic signals at the two intersections with Westover Road.[13] Construction began in the spring of 2012,[13] and the C$6.3 million roundabout was opened on September 25, 2012.[14]

Major intersections

The following table lists cities historically associated with Highway 5 on Ontario's official road maps. Distances are based on the 1930s route.

Locationmi[15]kmDestinationsNotes
Paris00.0 Highway 2  – Windsor
Peters Corners18.329.5 Highway 8  – Kitchener-WaterlooOriginal 1920s maps list a route via Hagersville and Caledonia, now on Highway 6.
Clappison's Corners26.242.2 Highway 6 – Burlington, Guelph
Waterdown28.245.4
Cooksville50.280.8 Highway 10  – Port Credit, BramptonMile 57.3 on the original 1920s route.
Toronto64.1103.2 Highway 11  – Barrie
Toronto71.1114.4 Highway 2  – MontrealMile 73.6 on the original 1920s route.
Hwy 5 ended in Toronto, 7.0 miles (11.3 km) east from Bloor/Yonge.
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Only the portion between Highways 6 and 8 remains part of the provincial highway system.

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 5, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1] The entire route is located in Hamilton. 

Locationkm[1]miDestinationsNotes
Peters Corners0.00.0 Highway 8 – Cambridge
 Middletown Road
Brock GardensCity Road 504 (Brock Road)
Rock Chapel9.66.0City Road 505 (Sydenham Road)
City Road 505 (Millgrove Side Road)
Rock Chapel Road
Clappison's Corners12.77.9 Highway 6 – Burlington, Guelph
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

  1. ^ a b Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2008). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". Government of Ontario. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2012.
  2. ^ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (April 1, 1989). Provincial Highways Distance Table. Government of Ontario. pp. 14–15. ISSN 0825-5350.
  3. ^ Annual Report (Report) (1922 ed.). Department of Public Highways. May 28, 1923. p. 8. Retrieved April 16, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  4. ^ a b "Provincial Highways Now Being Numbered". The Canadian Engineer. 49 (8). Monetary Times Print: 246. August 25, 1925. Numbering of the various provincial highways in Ontario has been commenced by the Department of Public Highways. Resident engineers are now receiving metal numbers to be placed on poles along the provincial highways. These numbers will also be placed on poles throughout cities, towns and villages, and motorists should then have no trouble in finding their way in and out of urban municipalities. Road designations from "2" to "17" have already been allotted... Road No. 5 — Toronto to Jarvis, via Dundas Highway and Hamilton. Route No. 6 — Hamilton to Owen Sound.
  5. ^ a b "Toronto–Hamilton Highway (via Dundas St.)". Annual Report (Report) (1921 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1923. p. 51. Retrieved April 13, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  6. ^ a b "Hamilton–Jarvis Highway". Annual Report (Report) (1921 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1923. p. 44. Retrieved April 13, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ^ "Provincial Highways Assumed in 1920". Annual Report (Report) (1920 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1921. pp. 42–45. Retrieved April 13, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  8. ^ a b "Provincial Highways Assumed in 1921". Annual Report (Report) (1921 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1923. p. 23. Retrieved April 13, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  9. ^ Toronto, Ontario. Map Sheet 30 M/11 (Map). 1:63,360. Cartography by General Staff, Geographical Section. Department of National Defence. 1927. Retrieved April 16, 2022 – via Scholars GeoPortal.
  10. ^ Annual Report (Report) (1923, 1924 and 1925 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1926. p. 68. Retrieved April 18, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  11. ^ Munro, Ewart (August 24, 1922). "New Highways Tap Hamilton on Two Sides: Hon. F. C. Biggs Officially Opens New Bridges and Niagara Link". The Globe and Mail. p. 1. ProQuest 1356404596 (subscription required).
  12. ^ "Appendix 6 - Schedule of Assumptions and Reversions of Sections of the Provincial Highway System for the Years 1926 and 1927". Annual Report (Report). Department of Public Highways. March 31, 1928. pp. 59–60. Retrieved April 18, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  13. ^ a b "Gonna Go 'Round in Circles". Road Talk. Vol. 19, no. 2. Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  14. ^ Nolan, Daniel (September 11, 2012). "Some doubt about new roundabout". Hamilton Spectator. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  15. ^ 1933 Ontario official road map, Queen's Printer for Ontario, distance chart.


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