Salla: Difference between revisions
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| official_name = {{lang|fi|Sallan kunta}}<br />{{lang|sv|Salla kommun}} |
| official_name = {{lang|fi|Sallan kunta}}<br />{{lang|sv|Salla kommun}} |
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| settlement_type = Municipality |
| settlement_type = Municipality |
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| image_skyline = Salla |
| image_skyline = Salla Center 8849-Pano-5.jpg |
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| image_caption = |
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| image_caption = Salla church |
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| image_shield = Salla.vaakuna.svg |
| image_shield = Salla.vaakuna.svg |
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| shield_size = 120x80px |
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| image_map = Salla sijainti Suomi.svg |
| image_map = Salla sijainti Suomi.svg |
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| map_caption = Location of Salla in |
| map_caption = Location of Salla in Finland |
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|coordinates = {{coord|66|50|N|028|40|E|display=inline,title}} |
|coordinates = {{coord|66|50|N|028|40|E|display=inline,title}} |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
|subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]] |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]] |
| subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = Eastern Lapland |
| subdivision_name2 = Eastern Lapland |
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| leader_title = Municipal manager |
| leader_title = Municipal manager |
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| leader_name = Erkki Parkkinen |
| leader_name = Erkki Parkkinen |
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which {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/waters area|Salla}}|km2|abbr=on}} |
which {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/waters area|Salla}}|km2|abbr=on}} |
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is water.<ref name="total_area" /> The [[population density]] is |
is water.<ref name="total_area" /> The [[population density]] is |
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{{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/population density|Salla|round=2}}|PD/km2}} |
{{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/population density|Salla|round=2}}|PD/km2}}. |
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The nearby settlement of [[Sallatunturi]] is home to the Salla Ski Resort. |
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Salla is in the Eastern Lapland and as a border area was affected by the [[Second World War]]. [[Red Army]] troops invaded Finland at Salla during the [[Winter War]] but were stopped by the [[Finnish Army]] (see [[Battle of Salla (1939)|Battle of Salla]]). Parts of the municipality were ceded to the [[Soviet Union]] after the war. The ceded part is sometimes called "Old Salla" or ''Vanha Salla''. During the [[Continuation War]] the old town of Salla was on the Soviet side of the border. The [[German XXXVI Corps]] attacked the Soviet positions in an operation code-named ''[[Operation Polarfuchs|Polarfuchs]]''. With the help of the [[Finnish 6th Division (Continuation War)|Finnish 6th Division]] it managed to occupy all of the ceded territories. At the end of the war the German troops were pushed out of Lapland by Finnish troops in the [[Lapland War]]. |
Salla is in the Eastern Lapland and as a border area was affected by the [[Second World War]]. [[Red Army]] troops invaded Finland at Salla during the [[Winter War]] but were stopped by the [[Finnish Army]] (see [[Battle of Salla (1939)|Battle of Salla]]). Parts of the municipality were ceded to the [[Soviet Union]] after the war. The ceded part is sometimes called "Old Salla" or ''Vanha Salla''. During the [[Continuation War]] the old town of Salla was on the Soviet side of the border. The [[German XXXVI Corps]] attacked the Soviet positions in an operation code-named ''[[Operation Polarfuchs|Polarfuchs]]''. With the help of the [[Finnish 6th Division (Continuation War)|Finnish 6th Division]] it managed to occupy all of the ceded territories. At the end of the war the German troops were pushed out of Lapland by Finnish troops in the [[Lapland War]]. |
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Salla is the terminus of a freight-only [[Rail transport in Finland|railway line]] from [[Kemijärvi]]. In 2006, the [[Finnish Rail Administration]] announced proposals to close the line.<ref name="kotimaki.com">[http://www.kotimaki.com/rautatie/news/v2006.htm Finnish Railway News – Year 2006]</ref> The railway formerly extended beyond Salla into Russia, but has never carried international traffic. |
Salla is the terminus of a freight-only [[Rail transport in Finland|railway line]] from [[Kemijärvi]]. In 2006, the [[Finnish Rail Administration]] announced proposals to close the line.<ref name="kotimaki.com">[http://www.kotimaki.com/rautatie/news/v2006.htm Finnish Railway News – Year 2006]</ref> The railway formerly extended beyond Salla into Russia, but has never carried international traffic. |
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== |
== Geography == |
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Neighbour municipalities are [[Kemijärvi]], [[Kuusamo]], [[Pelkosenniemi]], [[Posio]] and [[Savukoski]]. |
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===Climate=== |
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Salla has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfc]]). Summer days are mild with about 1/3 of all days experiencing precipitation with nights tending to be cool. Winters are very long, cold, snowy, and extremely cloudy, lasting from the beginning of October through April, with mid-winter thaws being rare, and cold snaps relatively common. Spring and Autumn tend to be cool, not very variable, and short, lasting only a couple weeks to a few weeks in length. |
Salla has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfc]]). Summer days are mild with about 1/3 of all days experiencing precipitation with nights tending to be cool. Winters are very long, cold, snowy, and extremely cloudy, lasting from the beginning of October through April, with mid-winter thaws being rare, and cold snaps relatively common. Spring and Autumn tend to be cool, not very variable, and short, lasting only a couple weeks to a few weeks in length. |
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==Historical places== |
==Historical places== |
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{| border="1" class="wikitable" |
{| border="1" class="wikitable" |
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! Name !! Place !! Description !! [[World Geodetic System|WGS 84]] |
! Name !! Place !! Description !! [[World Geodetic System|WGS 84]] |
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| Evangelic-Lutheran church of Salla || || || |
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| [[Paikanselkä memorial area]] || [[Paikanselkä]] || The [[Winter War]] front line 13 March 1940, when war ended. Located where the commander of the [[Swedish Volunteer Corps]], lieutenant colonel [[Magnus Dyrssen]] was killed on 1 March 1940.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://loma.salla.fi/fi/eramaa/kayntikohteet-_nahtavyydet/sotamuistomerkit_ja_kohteet/ |title=Sotamuistomerkit ja kohteet {{!}} Nähtävyydet & Käyntikohteet {{!}} Salla |website=loma.salla.fi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221135910/http://loma.salla.fi/fi/eramaa/kayntikohteet-_nahtavyydet/sotamuistomerkit_ja_kohteet/ |archive-date=2014-02-21}} </ref> || |
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| [[Salpa Line]] || || Defense line on the eastern border of Finland || |
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Salla was referenced in the song ''66°50’N, 28°40’E'' by Finnish [[death-doom]] band [[Swallow the Sun]] on their 2015 triple album ''Songs From the North I, II and III''. |
Salla was referenced in the song ''66°50’N, 28°40’E'' by Finnish [[death-doom]] band [[Swallow the Sun]] on their 2015 triple album ''Songs From the North I, II and III''. |
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==Gallery== |
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<gallery> |
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File:Salpalinja aholanvaara2.jpg|The Salpa Line anti-tank obstacles in Aholanvaara |
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</gallery> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 14:46, 20 April 2022
Salla
Kyelijävri | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
| Sallan kunta Salla kommun | |
 | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Salla in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 66°50′N 028°40′E / 66.833°N 28.667°E | |
| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Lapland |
| Sub-region | Eastern Lapland |
| Charter | 1857 |
| Government | |
| • Municipal manager | Erkki Parkkinen |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 5,873.08 km2 (2,267.61 sq mi) |
| • Land | 5,729.81 km2 (2,212.29 sq mi) |
| • Water | 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 7th largest in Finland |
| Population (2024-10-31)[2] | |
• Total | 3,285 |
| • Rank | 207th largest in Finland |
| • Density | 0.57/km2 (1.5/sq mi) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 96% (official) |
| • Swedish | 0.3% |
| • Sami | 0.1% |
| • Others | 3.6% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 8.7% |
| • 15 to 64 | 52% |
| • 65 or older | 39.3% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Website | www.salla.fi |
Salla (Kuolajärvi until 1936) (Template:Lang-smn) is a municipality of Finland, located in Lapland. The municipality has a population of 3,285 (31 October 2024)[2] and covers an area of 5,873.08 square kilometres (2,267.61 sq mi) of which 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 0.57 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.5/sq mi).
The nearby settlement of Sallatunturi is home to the Salla Ski Resort.
History
Salla is in the Eastern Lapland and as a border area was affected by the Second World War. Red Army troops invaded Finland at Salla during the Winter War but were stopped by the Finnish Army (see Battle of Salla). Parts of the municipality were ceded to the Soviet Union after the war. The ceded part is sometimes called "Old Salla" or Vanha Salla. During the Continuation War the old town of Salla was on the Soviet side of the border. The German XXXVI Corps attacked the Soviet positions in an operation code-named Polarfuchs. With the help of the Finnish 6th Division it managed to occupy all of the ceded territories. At the end of the war the German troops were pushed out of Lapland by Finnish troops in the Lapland War.
The following villages were ceded to the Soviet Union: Alakurtti, Korja (Korya), Kuolajärvi (Kuoloyarvi), Lampela, Sallansuu, Yläkurtti (Yulyakurtti), Sovajärvi (Sovayarvi), Tuutijärvi (Tuutiyarvi) and Vuorijärvi (Vuoriyarvi).
In January 2021, the mayor of Salla, Erkki Parkkinen, launched a bid to host the 2032 Summer Olympic Games to raise awareness of climate change and highlight the threat the climate crisis poses to Salla and its ecosystem, which is dependent on low temperatures for most of the year.[6]
Transportation
Salla is the terminus of a freight-only railway line from Kemijärvi. In 2006, the Finnish Rail Administration announced proposals to close the line.[7] The railway formerly extended beyond Salla into Russia, but has never carried international traffic.
Geography
Neighbour municipalities are Kemijärvi, Kuusamo, Pelkosenniemi, Posio and Savukoski.
Climate
Salla has a subarctic climate (Dfc). Summer days are mild with about 1/3 of all days experiencing precipitation with nights tending to be cool. Winters are very long, cold, snowy, and extremely cloudy, lasting from the beginning of October through April, with mid-winter thaws being rare, and cold snaps relatively common. Spring and Autumn tend to be cool, not very variable, and short, lasting only a couple weeks to a few weeks in length.
The low temperature record of Salla is -50 °C (-58 °F), which was recorded in Naruska in 1985. It was also the record of Finland until 1999. On 28 January 1999, the unofficial record of Finland, -54,3 °C (-65,7 °F), was recorded in Naruska.[8]
| Climate data for Salla Kk (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
9.7 (49.5) |
17.5 (63.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
30.3 (86.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.2 (46.8) |
4.9 (40.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −9.1 (15.6) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
3.4 (38.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.2 (66.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −13.1 (8.4) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.1 (43.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.0 (−0.4) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.3 (−49.5) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
−36.5 (−33.7) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−26.2 (−15.2) |
−35.8 (−32.4) |
−40.2 (−40.4) |
−45.3 (−49.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35 (1.4) |
30 (1.2) |
32 (1.3) |
28 (1.1) |
46 (1.8) |
57 (2.2) |
77 (3.0) |
65 (2.6) |
50 (2.0) |
48 (1.9) |
39 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
544 (21.4) |
| Average precipitation days | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 117 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 86 | 85 | 81 | 72 | 69 | 67 | 73 | 80 | 85 | 88 | 90 | 87 | 80 |
| Source: Finnish Meteorological Institute[9] | |||||||||||||
Historical places
| Name | Place | Description | WGS 84 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evangelic-Lutheran church of Salla | |||
| Paikanselkä memorial area | Paikanselkä | The Winter War front line 13 March 1940, when war ended. Located where the commander of the Swedish Volunteer Corps, lieutenant colonel Magnus Dyrssen was killed on 1 March 1940.[10] | |
| Salpa Line | Defense line on the eastern border of Finland |
In popular culture
Salla was referenced in the song 66°50’N, 28°40’E by Finnish death-doom band Swallow the Sun on their 2015 triple album Songs From the North I, II and III.
References
- ^ a b "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ a b "Finland's preliminary population figure was 5,635,560 at the end of October 2024". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 19 November 2024. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "Population growth biggest in nearly 70 years". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 26 April 2024. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023". Tax Administration of Finland. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
- ^ "Arctic Town Launches Genius Bid for 2032 Summer Olympics to Raise Awareness of Climate Change". Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ Finnish Railway News – Year 2006
- ^ "Suomen virallisesta pakkasennätyksestä 17 vuotta - sallalaiset tuohtuivat "väärästä" ennätyksestä".
- ^ "Climate data for Finland locations" (PDF). FMI. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ "Sotamuistomerkit ja kohteet | Nähtävyydet & Käyntikohteet | Salla". loma.salla.fi. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014.
External links
Media related to Salla at Wikimedia Commons- Municipality of Salla – Official website
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