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The '''Flowers of the Four Seasons''' ({{lang-zh|四季名花 |
The '''Flowers of the Four Seasons''' ({{lang-zh|四季名花}}; {{lang-ja|四季の花}}) are a group of flowers found in Chinese art and culture which represent the four seasons, consisting of the [[orchids|orchid]] (spring), the [[Nelumbo nucifera|lotus]] (summer), the [[chrysanthemum]] (autumn) and the [[Prunus mume|plum blossom]] (winter). They contain three of the elements of the [[Four Gentlemen]].<ref>[http://www.chineseart.com/chinese-symbols-tree.htm Chinese Symbols and Chinese Art Motifs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214162216/http://chineseart.com/chinese-symbols-tree.htm |date=2010-12-14 }}. (Retrieved on March 25, 2009)</ref><ref>[http://www.chinatownconnection.com/chinese-traditional-paintings.htm article on Chinese painting with the 4 flowers and their symbolism] (Retrieved 3-28-2009)</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=64mxAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA156&lpg=PA156&dq=%22flowers+of+the+four+seasons%22+china&source=bl&ots=XwA3H5mB5n&sig=4DE1E5w_xxDtCo3C3QSLlltDNjM&hl=en&ei=jIXOSZ3NL4TGtAO_7MiKDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result Google Booksearch scan of ''Description of Chinese Pottery and Porcelain'' by Yen Chu, Yan Zhu, Stephen Wootton Bushell, François Xavier Dentrecolles. Translated by Stephen Wootton Bushell. The Clarendon Press, 1910] (retrieved 3-28-2009)</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of Chinese Symbolism and Art Motives'', C.A.S. Williams. New York: The Julian Press (1960). p. 190</ref><ref>[http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200507/22/eng20050722_197774.html People's Daily Online -- Plum blossom, peony proposed to be national flowers]. (Retrieved on March 25, 2009)</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100833/002?word=winter+landscape&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=6&mode=simple¢ury= |title = Birds and flowers of the four seasons, summer - eKokuhou}}</ref> |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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Revision as of 16:02, 30 April 2022
The Flowers of the Four Seasons (Chinese: 四季名花; Template:Lang-ja) are a group of flowers found in Chinese art and culture which represent the four seasons, consisting of the orchid (spring), the lotus (summer), the chrysanthemum (autumn) and the plum blossom (winter). They contain three of the elements of the Four Gentlemen.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Gallery
-
Plum blossoms (contemporary) -
Orchid - Hu Zhengyan (1633) -
Chrysanthemums from the Xian'e Changchun Album by Giuseppe Castiglione (1688-1766) -
"Elegance of Lotus Looking from Heaven" (contemporary)
See also
- Flower emblems in China
- Flower emblems in Japan
- Flower emblems in Vietnam
- Three Friends of Winter
- winter flowers (Article)
References
- ^ Chinese Symbols and Chinese Art Motifs Archived 2010-12-14 at the Wayback Machine. (Retrieved on March 25, 2009)
- ^ article on Chinese painting with the 4 flowers and their symbolism (Retrieved 3-28-2009)
- ^ Google Booksearch scan of Description of Chinese Pottery and Porcelain by Yen Chu, Yan Zhu, Stephen Wootton Bushell, François Xavier Dentrecolles. Translated by Stephen Wootton Bushell. The Clarendon Press, 1910 (retrieved 3-28-2009)
- ^ Encyclopedia of Chinese Symbolism and Art Motives, C.A.S. Williams. New York: The Julian Press (1960). p. 190
- ^ People's Daily Online -- Plum blossom, peony proposed to be national flowers. (Retrieved on March 25, 2009)
- ^ "Birds and flowers of the four seasons, summer - eKokuhou".
Further reading
- Flowers Of The Four Seasons: The Fundamentals Of Chinese Floral Painting, Su-Sing Chow (in English and Mandarin Chinese). Art Book Publishing Co. (1983)