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{{short description|American linguist}}

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|spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth Edson Gibson|1868|1911|end=died}}
|spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth Edson Gibson|1868|1911|end=died}}
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'''Edward Payson Evans''' (December 8, 1831 – March 6, 1917) was an American scholar, linguist and early advocate for [[animal rights]]. He is best known for his book ''The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals'', published in 1906, which is considered to be the seminal work on the topic of [[Animal trial|animal trials]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Szerlip|first=B. Alexandra|date=2021-06-25|title=Animal Trials: The Quest for Order in a Chaotic World|url=https://www.berfrois.com/2021/06/animals-on-trial-alexandra-szerlip/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-06|website=Berfrois|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625091022/https://www.berfrois.com/2021/06/animals-on-trial-alexandra-szerlip/ |archive-date=June 25, 2021 }}</ref>
'''Edward Payson Evans''' (December 8, 1831 – March 6, 1917) was an American scholar, linguist and early advocate for [[animal rights]]. He is best known for his book ''The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals'', published in 1906, which is considered to be the seminal work on the topic of [[animal trial]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Szerlip|first=B. Alexandra|date=2021-06-25|title=Animal Trials: The Quest for Order in a Chaotic World|url=https://www.berfrois.com/2021/06/animals-on-trial-alexandra-szerlip/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-06|website=Berfrois|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625091022/https://www.berfrois.com/2021/06/animals-on-trial-alexandra-szerlip/ |archive-date=June 25, 2021 }}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Evans was born in Remsen, New York in 1831.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Heyse|first=Paul Johann Ludwig von|url=http://www.lexikus.de/bibliothek/Das-literarische-Muenchen|title=Das literarische München: 25 Porträtskizzen|year=1899|language=de|trans-title=The Literary Munich: 25 Portrait Sketches|chapter=Evans, Edward P. geb. 1831 in Remsen (Staat NY), gest. 1917|trans-chapter=Evans, Edward P. born 1831 in Remsen (NY State), died 1917|author-link=Paul Heyse|chapter-url=http://www.lexikus.de/bibliothek/Das-literarische-Muenchen/Evans-Edward-P-geb-1831-in-Remsen-(Staat-NY)-gest-1917}}</ref> His father was a Welsh [[Presbyterian]] clergyman.<ref name=":0" /> Evans earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] from the [[University of Michigan]] in 1854.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hinsdale|first1=B. A.|url=http://archive.org/details/historyofunivers00hins|title=History of the University of Michigan|last2=Demmon|first2=Isaac Newton|publisher=University of Michigan|year=1906|location=Ann Arbor|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofunivers00hins/page/236/mode/2up 237]}}</ref> He then taught at an academy in [[Hernando, Mississippi]], for one year before becoming a professor at [[Carroll University]] (then Carroll College) in [[Waukesha, Wisconsin]].<ref name=":1">{{cite Appletons'|wstitle= Evans, Edward Payson |page= 381 }} </ref>
Evans was born in Remsen, New York in 1831.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Heyse|first=Paul Johann Ludwig von|url=http://www.lexikus.de/bibliothek/Das-literarische-Muenchen|title=Das literarische München: 25 Porträtskizzen|year=1899|language=de|trans-title=The Literary Munich: 25 Portrait Sketches|chapter=Evans, Edward P. geb. 1831 in Remsen (Staat NY), gest. 1917|trans-chapter=Evans, Edward P. born 1831 in Remsen (NY State), died 1917|author-link=Paul Heyse|chapter-url=http://www.lexikus.de/bibliothek/Das-literarische-Muenchen/Evans-Edward-P-geb-1831-in-Remsen-(Staat-NY)-gest-1917}}</ref> His father was a Welsh [[Presbyterian]] clergyman.<ref name=":0" /> Evans earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] from the [[University of Michigan]] in 1854.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hinsdale|first1=B. A.|url=http://archive.org/details/historyofunivers00hins|title=History of the University of Michigan|last2=Demmon|first2=Isaac Newton|publisher=University of Michigan|year=1906|location=Ann Arbor|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofunivers00hins/page/236/mode/2up 237]}}</ref> He then taught at an academy in [[Hernando, Mississippi]], for one year before becoming a professor at [[Carroll University]] (then Carroll College) in [[Waukesha, Wisconsin]].<ref name=":1">{{cite Appletons'|wstitle= Evans, Edward Payson |page= 381 }}</ref>


From 1858 to 1862, he traveled abroad, and studied at the universities of [[Göttingen]], [[Berlin]] and [[Munich]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)|title=The American Cyclopædia|year=1879|editor-last=Ripley|editor-first=George|editor-link=George Ripley (transcendentalist)|chapter=Evans, Edward P.|editor-last2=Dana|editor-first2=Charles A.|editor-link2=Charles Anderson Dana|chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Evans,_Edward_P.}}</ref>
From 1858 to 1862, he traveled abroad, and studied at the universities of [[Göttingen]], [[Berlin]] and [[Munich]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)|title=The American Cyclopædia|year=1879|editor-last=Ripley|editor-first=George|editor-link=George Ripley (transcendentalist)|chapter=Evans, Edward P.|editor-last2=Dana|editor-first2=Charles A.|editor-link2=Charles Anderson Dana|chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Evans,_Edward_P.}}</ref>


On his return to the United States, he became professor of modern languages at the [[University of Michigan]].<ref name=":2" /> In 1868, he married Elizabeth Edson Gibson.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1911-09-15|title=Evans, Elizabeth Edson|volume=9|work=Chicago Examiner|issue=230|url=http://digital.chipublib.org/digital/collection/examiner/id/22564/|access-date=2021-10-06}}</ref> In 1870, Evans resigned his position at Michigan and went abroad again, where he gathered materials for a history of [[German literature]],<ref name=":2" /> and also made a specialty of oriental languages.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)|title=The Encyclopedia Americana|year=1920|editor-last=Rines|editor-first=George Edwin|editor-link=George Edwin Rines|chapter=Evans, Edward Payson|chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Evans,_Edward_Payson}}</ref> He became a fixture at the Royal Library in Munich,<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=Evans|first1=Edward Payson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=delFlcGFniYC|title=The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals|last2=Humphrey|first2=Nicholas|date=1987|publisher=Faber & Faber|year=1987|isbn=978-0-571-14893-6|location=London|page=xxviii|language=en|chapter=Foreword}}</ref> and joined the staff of the ''[[Allgemeine Zeitung]]'' in Munich in 1884.<ref name=":1" />
On his return to the United States, he became professor of modern languages at the [[University of Michigan]].<ref name=":2" /> In 1868, he married Elizabeth Edson Gibson.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1911-09-15|title=Evans, Elizabeth Edson|volume=9|work=Chicago Examiner|issue=230|url=http://digital.chipublib.org/digital/collection/examiner/id/22564/|access-date=2021-10-06}}</ref> In 1870, Evans resigned his position at Michigan and went abroad again, where he gathered materials for a history of [[German literature]],<ref name=":2" /> and also made a specialty of oriental languages.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)|title=The Encyclopedia Americana|year=1920|editor-last=Rines|editor-first=George Edwin|editor-link=George Edwin Rines|chapter=Evans, Edward Payson|chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Evans,_Edward_Payson}}</ref> He became a fixture at the Royal Library in Munich,<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=Evans|first1=Edward Payson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=delFlcGFniYC|title=The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals|last2=Humphrey|first2=Nicholas|publisher=Faber & Faber|year=1987|isbn=978-0-571-14893-6|location=London|page=xxviii|language=en|chapter=Foreword}}</ref> and joined the staff of the ''[[Allgemeine Zeitung]]'' in Munich in 1884.<ref name=":1" />


Evans' wife died in 1911 and when [[World War I]] broke out in 1914, he returned to the United States, where he lived in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] and [[New York City]].<ref name=":3" />
Evans' wife died in 1911 and when [[World War I]] broke out in 1914, he returned to the United States, where he lived in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] and [[New York City]].<ref name=":3" />
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=== Articles ===
=== Articles ===
* "[[iarchive:atlantic53bostuoft/page/613/mode/1up|Linguistic Paleontology]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 53, Iss. 5, May 1884, pp. 613–622
* "[[iarchive:atlantic53bostuoft/page/613/mode/1up|Linguistic Paleontology]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 53, Iss. 5, May 1884, pp.&nbsp;613–622
* "[[iarchive:atlantic54bostuoft/page/235/mode/1up|Bugs and Beasts before the Law]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 54, Iss. 2, Aug. 1884, pp. 235–247
* "[[iarchive:atlantic54bostuoft/page/235/mode/1up|Bugs and Beasts before the Law]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 54, Iss. 2, Aug. 1884, pp.&nbsp;235–247
* "[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015025907307 Artists and Art Life in Munich]", ''Cosmopolitan'', Vol. 9, Iss. 1, May 1890, pp. 3–13
* "[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015025907307 Artists and Art Life in Munich]", ''Cosmopolitan'', Vol. 9, Iss. 1, May 1890, pp.&nbsp;3–13
* "[[iarchive:atlantic68bostuoft/page/n308/mode/1up|Speech as a Barrier Between Man and Beast]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 68, Iss. 3, Sept. 1891, pp. 299–312
* "[[iarchive:atlantic68bostuoft/page/n308/mode/1up|Speech as a Barrier Between Man and Beast]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Vol. 68, Iss. 3, Sept. 1891, pp.&nbsp;299–312
* "[[iarchive:atlantic69bostuoft/page/171/mode/1up/|The Nearness of Animals to Men]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Volume 69, Iss. 2, Feb. 1892, pp. 171–184
* "[[iarchive:atlantic69bostuoft/page/171/mode/1up/|The Nearness of Animals to Men]]", ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Volume 69, Iss. 2, Feb. 1892, pp.&nbsp;171–184
*"[[wikisource:Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_45/September_1894/Ethical_Relations_Between_Man_and_Beast|Ethical Relations Between Man and Beast]]", ''Popular Science Monthly'', Volume 45, Sept. 1894
*"[[wikisource:Popular Science Monthly/Volume 45/September 1894/Ethical Relations Between Man and Beast|Ethical Relations Between Man and Beast]]", ''Popular Science Monthly'', Volume 45, Sept. 1894


=== Books ===
=== Books ===

Revision as of 02:52, 6 May 2022

Edward Payson Evans
From Hinsdale, History of the University of Michigan
Born(1831-12-08)December 8, 1831
Remsen, New York, U.S.
DiedMarch 6, 1917(1917-03-06) (aged 85)
New York City, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Michigan (BA, 1854)
Notable workThe Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals (1906)
Spouse
Elizabeth Edson Gibson
​
​
(m. 1868; died 1911)​

Edward Payson Evans (December 8, 1831 – March 6, 1917) was an American scholar, linguist and early advocate for animal rights. He is best known for his book The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals, published in 1906, which is considered to be the seminal work on the topic of animal trials.[1]

Biography

Evans was born in Remsen, New York in 1831.[2] His father was a Welsh Presbyterian clergyman.[3] Evans earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Michigan in 1854.[4] He then taught at an academy in Hernando, Mississippi, for one year before becoming a professor at Carroll University (then Carroll College) in Waukesha, Wisconsin.[5]

From 1858 to 1862, he traveled abroad, and studied at the universities of Göttingen, Berlin and Munich.[6]

On his return to the United States, he became professor of modern languages at the University of Michigan.[6] In 1868, he married Elizabeth Edson Gibson.[7] In 1870, Evans resigned his position at Michigan and went abroad again, where he gathered materials for a history of German literature,[6] and also made a specialty of oriental languages.[8] He became a fixture at the Royal Library in Munich,[9] and joined the staff of the Allgemeine Zeitung in Munich in 1884.[5]

Evans' wife died in 1911 and when World War I broke out in 1914, he returned to the United States, where he lived in Cambridge, Massachusetts and New York City.[9]

He died at his home in New York on March 6, 1917.[3]

Legacy

Roderick Nash argues that both Evans and J. Howard Moore, "deserve more recognition than they have received as the first professional philosophers in the United States to look beyond anthropocentrism."[10]

In recent years, Evans' book The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals has been the subject of several critiques.[11]

Selected works

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Edward Payson Evans

Articles

Books

Translations

  • Adolf Stahr, The Life and Works of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (with an introduction; 2 vols., Boston, 1866)
  • Athanase Josué Coquerel, First Historical Transformations of Christianity (1867)

References

  1. ^ Szerlip, B. Alexandra (June 25, 2021). "Animal Trials: The Quest for Order in a Chaotic World". Berfrois. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  2. ^ Heyse, Paul Johann Ludwig von (1899). "Evans, Edward P. geb. 1831 in Remsen (Staat NY), gest. 1917" [Evans, Edward P. born 1831 in Remsen (NY State), died 1917]. Das literarische München: 25 Porträtskizzen [The Literary Munich: 25 Portrait Sketches] (in German).
  3. ^ a b "Edward Payson Evans Dies". The New York Times. March 8, 1917. p. 11. Retrieved January 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ Hinsdale, B. A.; Demmon, Isaac Newton (1906). History of the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. p. 237.
  5. ^ a b Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "Evans, Edward Payson" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton. p. 381.
  6. ^ a b c Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). "Evans, Edward P.". The American Cyclopædia.
  7. ^ "Evans, Elizabeth Edson". Chicago Examiner. Vol. 9, no. 230. September 15, 1911. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  8. ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Evans, Edward Payson". The Encyclopedia Americana.
  9. ^ a b Evans, Edward Payson; Humphrey, Nicholas (1987). "Foreword". The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals. London: Faber & Faber. p. xxviii. ISBN 978-0-571-14893-6.
  10. ^ Nash, Roderick Frazier (1989). The Rights of Nature: A History of Environmental Ethics. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-299-11843-3.
  11. ^ "Commissioned Text: Aleks Pluskowski on YEAST". [ SPACE ]. September 2016. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
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