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'''Maria Anna of Austria''' (Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina; 7 September 1683 – 14 August 1754) was [[List of Portuguese royal consorts|Queen of Portugal]] by marriage to King [[John V of Portugal]]. She was Regent of Portugal from 1742 until 1750 during the illness of John V.
'''Maria Anna of Austria''' (Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina; 7 September 1683 – 14 August 1754) was [[List of Portuguese royal consorts|Queen of Portugal]] by her marriage to King [[John V of Portugal]]. She served as the regent of Portugal from 1742 until 1750 during the illness of her husband.


==Life==
==Life==
[[File:Desembarque da Rainha D. Maria Ana de Áustria em Lisboa (1708), gravura alemã, séc. XVIII.png|thumb|left|''The Arrival of Maria Anna of Austria in Lisbon''; Gottfried Stein, c. 1708.]]
[[File:Desembarque da Rainha D. Maria Ana de Áustria em Lisboa (1708), gravura alemã, séc. XVIII.png|thumb|left|''The Arrival of Maria Anna of Austria in Lisbon''; Gottfried Stein, c. 1708.]]


=== Early life ===
Born Maria Anna Josepha, she was a daughter of [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]] and [[Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg]]. Maria Anna was a sister of Holy Roman Emperors [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph I]] and [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles VI]]. Through her brother Charles, she was an aunt of [[Maria Theresa of Austria|Maria Theresa]], Austria's only [[queen regnant]].
Born Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina, she was the eleventh child and seventh daughter of [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]], [[Holy Roman Emperor]] (1640–1705) by her third wife, [[Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg]] (1655–1720). Two of her brothers, [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph]] and [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles]] became emperors. Through Charles, she was an aunt of [[Maria Theresa of Austria|Maria Theresa]], the only woman to ever rule the [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg dominions]] in her own right.


===Queen consort===
===Life as queen consort===
On 27 October 1708 Maria Anna of Austria married [[John V of Portugal|John V]], [[King of Portugal]] to seal the alliance between the two countries against [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]] [[France]] and [[Spain]] during the [[War of Spanish Succession]]. She was subsequently Queen of Portugal until his death on 31 July 1750. During her queenship, she acted as regent during times of her husband's illness.
On 27 October 1708, Maria Anna married [[John V of Portugal|John V]], [[King of Portugal]] (1689–1750) to seal the alliance between the two countries against [[France]] and [[Spain]] during the [[War of Spanish Succession]]. Maria Anna reformed the court and its customs to follow the traditions and customs of the traditional [[List of Portuguese consorts|Queens of Portugal]].{{sfn|Nizza da Silva|p=33}} Her greatest influence on the court and [[Portuguese nobility]] as a whole was the increase of segregation between men and women, as well as between servants and masters. Like John, Maria Anna had an exuberant taste which was best shown in her famous parties: often lasting several days, she would invite the nobility from all over the country and hold a magnificent festival.{{sfn|Nizza da Silva|p=34}}

Once she was head of her household, Maria Anna reformed her court and its customs to follow the traditions and customs of the traditional [[List of Portuguese consorts|Queens of Portugal]].{{sfn|Nizza da Silva|p=33}} Her greatest influence on the court, and [[Portuguese nobility]] as a whole, was the increase of segregation between men and women, as well as between servants and masters. Like John, Maria Anna had an exuberant taste, and this was best shown in her famous parties. Often lasting several days, she would invite the nobility from all over the country and hold a magnificent festival, often in concurrence with a saintly holiday, though religion played a small part in her parties.{{sfn|Nizza da Silva|p=34}}


=== Regency ===
=== Regency ===
In 1742 Maria Anna took over power as regent after her husband suffered a [[stroke]], which left him partially [[Paralysis|paralyzed]]. When John V died on 31 July 1750, she gave up power to their eldest son [[Joseph I of Portugal]].
In 1742 Maria Anna took became regent after her husband had suffered a [[stroke]] and became partially [[Paralysis|paralyzed]]. When John V died on 31 July 1750, their eldest son [[Joseph I of Portugal]] inherited the throne.


She died while in residence in the [[Belém Palace|Palace of Belém]] in 1754.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=6547 |title=Palácio Nacional de Belém |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=pt |first=Teresa |last=Vale |first2=Carlos |last2=Gomes |year=1994 |access-date=18 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928232439/http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=6547 |archive-date=28 September 2011 }}</ref> After her death, she was buried in [[Lisbon]], but her heart was brought to [[Vienna]] and buried there in the imperial crypt.
She died in the [[Belém Palace|Palace of Belém]] on 14 August1754.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=6547 |title=Palácio Nacional de Belém |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=pt |first=Teresa |last=Vale |first2=Carlos |last2=Gomes |year=1994 |access-date=18 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928232439/http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=6547 |archive-date=28 September 2011 }}</ref> After her death, she was buried in [[Lisbon]], but her heart was brought to [[Vienna]] and buried there in the imperial crypt.


==Issue==
==Issue==
Maria Anna had six children with her husband, John V, King of Portugal, four of whom survived infancy.
She was the mother of six children:
* [[Barbara of Portugal]] (4 December 1711 – 27 August 1758), married [[Ferdinand VI of Spain]], no issue.
* [[Barbara of Portugal|Infanta Barbara of Portugal]] (4 December 1711 – 27 August 1758), became Queen of Spain as the wife of [[Ferdinand VI of Spain]] (1713–1759).
* [[Pedro, Prince of Brazil|Pedro of Portugal]] (19 October 1712 – 29 October 1714), [[Prince of Brazil]], died in infancy.
* [[Pedro, Prince of Brazil|Infante Pedro of Portugal]] (19 October 1712 – 29 October 1714), [[Prince of Brazil]], died in infancy.
* [[Joseph I of Portugal]] (6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777), married [[Mariana Victoria of Spain]].
* [[Joseph I of Portugal]] (6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777), married [[Mariana Victoria of Spain]] (1718–1781).
* [[Infante Carlos of Portugal]] (2 May 1716 – 30 March 1736), died before his parents.
* [[Infante Carlos of Portugal]] (2 May 1716 – 30 March 1736), died before his parents.
* [[Peter III of Portugal]] (5 July 1717 – 25 May 1786), married his niece [[Maria I of Portugal|Maria I, Queen regnant of Portugal]].
* [[Peter III of Portugal]] (5 July 1717 – 25 May 1786), married his niece [[Maria I of Portugal|Maria I, Queen regnant of Portugal]] (1734–1816).
* [[Infante Alexandre of Portugal]] (24 September 1723 – 2 August 1728), died in infancy.
* [[Infante Alexandre of Portugal]] (24 September 1723 – 2 August 1728), died in infancy.


Revision as of 16:59, 6 May 2022

Not to be confused with Maria Anna of Spain or Mariana of Austria.
Maria Anna of Austria
Portrait by Jean Ranc, 1729
Queen consort of Portugal
Tenure27 October 1708 – 31 July 1750
Born(1683-09-07)7 September 1683
Linz, Austria, Holy Roman Empire
Died14 August 1754(1754-08-14) (aged 70)
Palace of Belém, Lisbon, Portugal
Burial
Imperial Crypt, Vienna (heart)
Pantheon of the House of Braganza, Lisbon (body)
SpouseJohn V of Portugal
IssueBarbara, Queen of Spain
Pedro, Prince of Brazil
Joseph, King of Portugal
Carlos of Portugal
Peter III, King of Portugal
Alexandre of Portugal
Names
Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina
HouseHabsburg
FatherLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
MotherEleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
SignatureMaria Anna of Austria's signature

Maria Anna of Austria (Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina; 7 September 1683 – 14 August 1754) was Queen of Portugal by her marriage to King John V of Portugal. She served as the regent of Portugal from 1742 until 1750 during the illness of her husband.

Life

The Arrival of Maria Anna of Austria in Lisbon; Gottfried Stein, c. 1708.

Early life

Born Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina, she was the eleventh child and seventh daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1640–1705) by her third wife, Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (1655–1720). Two of her brothers, Joseph and Charles became emperors. Through Charles, she was an aunt of Maria Theresa, the only woman to ever rule the Habsburg dominions in her own right.

Life as queen consort

On 27 October 1708, Maria Anna married John V, King of Portugal (1689–1750) to seal the alliance between the two countries against France and Spain during the War of Spanish Succession. Maria Anna reformed the court and its customs to follow the traditions and customs of the traditional Queens of Portugal.[1] Her greatest influence on the court and Portuguese nobility as a whole was the increase of segregation between men and women, as well as between servants and masters. Like John, Maria Anna had an exuberant taste which was best shown in her famous parties: often lasting several days, she would invite the nobility from all over the country and hold a magnificent festival.[2]

Regency

In 1742 Maria Anna took became regent after her husband had suffered a stroke and became partially paralyzed. When John V died on 31 July 1750, their eldest son Joseph I of Portugal inherited the throne.

She died in the Palace of Belém on 14 August1754.[3] After her death, she was buried in Lisbon, but her heart was brought to Vienna and buried there in the imperial crypt.

Issue

Maria Anna had six children with her husband, John V, King of Portugal, four of whom survived infancy.

Ancestry

References

  1. ^ Nizza da Silva, p. 33.
  2. ^ Nizza da Silva, p. 34.
  3. ^ Vale, Teresa; Gomes, Carlos (1994). SIPA (ed.). "Palácio Nacional de Belém" (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 100.
  5. ^ a b Eder, Karl (1961), "Ferdinand III.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 5, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 85–86; (full text online)
  6. ^ a b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria Anna von Spanien" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 23 – via Wikisource.
  7. ^ a b Fuchs, Peter (2001), "Philipp Wilhelm", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 20, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 384; (full text online)
  8. ^ a b Louda, Jirí; MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe (2nd ed.). London: Little, Brown and Company. table 84.

Bibliography

  • Nizza da Silva, Maria Beatriz (2009). Reis de Portugal: D. João V (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Temas & Debates.
  • Raggi, Giuseppina (2017). "The Queen of Portugal Maria Anna of Austria and the Royal Opera Theaters by Giovanni Carlo Sicinio Galli Bibiena". Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography. 42 (1–2): 121–140. ISSN 1522-7464.
Maria Anna of Austria
Born: 7 September 1683 Died: 14 August 1754
Portuguese royalty
Preceded by Queen consort of Portugal
27 October 1708 – 31 July 1750 		Succeeded by
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