Proeremotherium: Difference between revisions
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'''''Proeremotherium''''' is an extinct genus of ground sloths in the family [[Megatheriidae]]. It lived during the Late Miocene and Late Pliocene of what is now [[Venezuela]]. So far, two largely complete skulls have been recovered in the Falcón Basin in Venezuela. The finds identify the animals as medium-sized representatives of the Megatheriidae. In the cranial anatomy, ''Proeremotherium'' resembles the later and giant ''[[Eremotherium]]''. It is therefore assumed that the two ground sloths are directly related to each other. |
'''''Proeremotherium''''' is an extinct genus of ground sloths in the family [[Megatheriidae]]. It lived during the Late Miocene and Late Pliocene of what is now [[Venezuela]]. So far, two largely complete skulls have been recovered in the Falcón Basin in Venezuela. The finds identify the animals as medium-sized representatives of the Megatheriidae. In the cranial anatomy, ''Proeremotherium'' resembles the later and giant ''[[Eremotherium]]''. It is therefore assumed that the two ground sloths are directly related to each other. |
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== Description == |
== Description == |
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''Proeremotherium'' was a medium-sized member of the Megatheriidae and significantly smaller than the related ''Eremotherium''. So far, two almost complete skulls have been assigned the genus. These were 45.5 to 46.0 cm long and 16.0 to 16.8 cm wide in the area of the cranium. The skull was generally low and elongated in shape, with greatest width at the anterior and posterior bases of the zygomatic arch respectively. Compared to the sturdy skull of ''[[Megatherium]]'', ''Proeremotherium'' |
''Proeremotherium'' was a medium-sized member of the Megatheriidae and significantly smaller than the related ''Eremotherium''. So far, two almost complete skulls have been assigned the genus. These were 45.5 to 46.0 cm long and 16.0 to 16.8 cm wide in the area of the cranium. The skull was generally low and elongated in shape, with greatest width at the anterior and posterior bases of the zygomatic arch respectively. Compared to the sturdy skull of ''[[Megatherium]]'', ''Proeremotherium'' had a skull that looked rather graceful. The forehead line was slightly arched in side view, which was particularly evident in the middle third. On the nasal bone there was a slight dent. When viewed from above, the rostrum was clearly triangular in shape, which is not known from any other representative of the Megatheriidae. A strong crest rose at the parietal bone . This started differently in the two skulls, on the one hand at the front and on the other hand at the rear zygomatic arch. In front, it resolved into two temporal lines that were straight or convex in shape. The occipital bone formed an angle of 90° as in ''Eremotherium'', in ''Megatherium'' was much more blunt. The joint surfaces of the back of the head for connection with the cervical spine stood out prominently to the rear and were hemispherical in shape. Similar to Eremotherium , they sat relatively low on the skull just above the palate level, which differs from ''Megatherium'' or ''[[Pyramiodontherium]]'' with their high-set condyles , among other things . The base of the skull formed a plane with the palate , also in agreement with ''Eremotherium'' , but also with ''[[Megathericulus]]''. In ''Megatherium'', the former was higher, which was caused by the more high-crowned teeth. The anterior zygomatic arch was in the area of the secondmolar-like tooth. The anterior edge of the posterior palatal hole reached the fourth to fifth molar-like tooth in ''Proeremotherium'', and continued further back in ''Eremotherium''. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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| Proeremotherium | |
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| Two skulls of Proeremotherium, holotype on the right | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Pilosa |
| Family: | †Megatheriidae |
| Genus: | †Proeremotherium Carlini et al., 2006 |
| Species: | †P. eljebe
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| Binomial name | |
| †Proeremotherium eljebe Carlini et al., 2006
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Proeremotherium is an extinct genus of ground sloths in the family Megatheriidae. It lived during the Late Miocene and Late Pliocene of what is now Venezuela. So far, two largely complete skulls have been recovered in the Falcón Basin in Venezuela. The finds identify the animals as medium-sized representatives of the Megatheriidae. In the cranial anatomy, Proeremotherium resembles the later and giant Eremotherium. It is therefore assumed that the two ground sloths are directly related to each other.
Description
Proeremotherium was a medium-sized member of the Megatheriidae and significantly smaller than the related Eremotherium. So far, two almost complete skulls have been assigned the genus. These were 45.5 to 46.0 cm long and 16.0 to 16.8 cm wide in the area of the cranium. The skull was generally low and elongated in shape, with greatest width at the anterior and posterior bases of the zygomatic arch respectively. Compared to the sturdy skull of Megatherium, Proeremotherium had a skull that looked rather graceful. The forehead line was slightly arched in side view, which was particularly evident in the middle third. On the nasal bone there was a slight dent. When viewed from above, the rostrum was clearly triangular in shape, which is not known from any other representative of the Megatheriidae. A strong crest rose at the parietal bone . This started differently in the two skulls, on the one hand at the front and on the other hand at the rear zygomatic arch. In front, it resolved into two temporal lines that were straight or convex in shape. The occipital bone formed an angle of 90° as in Eremotherium, in Megatherium was much more blunt. The joint surfaces of the back of the head for connection with the cervical spine stood out prominently to the rear and were hemispherical in shape. Similar to Eremotherium , they sat relatively low on the skull just above the palate level, which differs from Megatherium or Pyramiodontherium with their high-set condyles , among other things . The base of the skull formed a plane with the palate , also in agreement with Eremotherium , but also with Megathericulus. In Megatherium, the former was higher, which was caused by the more high-crowned teeth. The anterior zygomatic arch was in the area of the secondmolar-like tooth. The anterior edge of the posterior palatal hole reached the fourth to fifth molar-like tooth in Proeremotherium, and continued further back in Eremotherium.