B. Pocker: Difference between revisions
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| party = *[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] (till 1947) |
| party = * [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] (till 1947) |
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* [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (after |
* [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (after 1948) |
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| death_place = [[Kerala]], India |
| death_place = [[Kerala]], India |
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| term1 = 1952–1962 |
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'''B. Pocker''' (1890 – July 29, 1965), also spelled '''Poker''', Sahib Bahadur, was an Indian politician and social worker from [[Tellicherry]], north Kerala, [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|first=Theodore P.|date=1966|title=The Muslim League in South India since Independence|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/muslim-league-in-south-india-since-independence-a-study-in-minority-group-political-strategies/2EBA3F25D373A0D9BA1DBAA6B9D25C30|journal=American Political Science Review|language=en|volume=60|issue=3|pages=579–599|doi=10.2307/1952972|jstor=1952972|issn=0003-0554}}</ref> |
'''B. Pocker''' (1890 – July 29, 1965), also spelled '''Poker''', Sahib Bahadur, was an Indian politician and social worker from [[Tellicherry]], north Kerala, [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|first=Theodore P.|date=1966|title=The Muslim League in South India since Independence|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/muslim-league-in-south-india-since-independence-a-study-in-minority-group-political-strategies/2EBA3F25D373A0D9BA1DBAA6B9D25C30|journal=American Political Science Review|language=en|volume=60|issue=3|pages=579–599|doi=10.2307/1952972|jstor=1952972|issn=0003-0554}}</ref> He served as a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] of India and as the [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] from [[Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency|Malappuram (Manjeri) Parliamentary Constituency]] between 1952 and 1962. |
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He was the second advocate from the Mappila community ([[Other Backward Class|backward class]] Muslims of [[Malabar District]], [[Madras Presidency]]). |
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== Early career == |
== Early career == |
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B. Pocker was born in 1890 at [[Tellicherry]] in [[Malabar District]]. He studied at [[Government Brennen College, Thalassery|Tellicherry Brennen College]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Miller |first=Roland. E. |title=Mappila Muslims of Kerala: A Study in Islamic Trends |publisher=Orient Longman |year=1976 |pages=123 and 168}}</ref> and the [[Madras Christian College]]. He graduated from [[Madras Law College]] in 1915 and started practising as an advocate in [[Madras High Court]] in 1917. He was only the fifth university graduate and second advocate from the Mappila Muslims of Malabar District. |
B. Pocker was born in 1890 at [[Tellicherry]] in [[Malabar District]], [[Madras Presidency]]. He studied at [[Government Brennen College, Thalassery|Tellicherry Brennen College]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Miller |first=Roland. E. |title=Mappila Muslims of Kerala: A Study in Islamic Trends |publisher=Orient Longman |year=1976 |pages=123 and 168}}</ref> and the [[Madras Christian College]]. He graduated from [[Madras Law College]] in 1915 and started practising as an advocate in [[Madras High Court]] in 1917. He was only the fifth university graduate and second advocate from the Mappila Muslims of Malabar District. |
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=== Montagu-Chelmsford reforms === |
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Pocker, now a senior advocate in the [[Madras High Court|High Court]], entered politics in the late 1910s by arguing for special Muslim constituencies in Malabar District. He famously submitted a memorandum during the introduction of the [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms|Montagu-Chelmsford reforms]] (passed as [[Government of India Act 1919|Government of India Act, 1919]]). |
Pocker, now a senior advocate in the [[Madras High Court|High Court]], entered politics in the late 1910s by arguing for special Muslim constituencies in Malabar District. He famously submitted a memorandum during the introduction of the [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms|Montagu-Chelmsford reforms]] (passed as [[Government of India Act 1919|Government of India Act, 1919]]). |
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=== Mappila Uprising === |
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Pocker was a regional frontman of the [[Khilafat Movement|Caliphate Movement]] (he supported [[Shaukat Ali (politician)|Shaukat Ali]] at Madras by representing the Malabar District). He later led the relief activities for Mappilas, who were affected by the [[Malabar rebellion|Mappila Uprising]] (1921–22). He formed the "Mappila Amelioration Committee" at Madras, which collected and distributed more than two hundred thousand rupees among the Mappilas. |
Pocker was a regional frontman of the [[Khilafat Movement|Caliphate Movement]] (he supported [[Shaukat Ali (politician)|Shaukat Ali]] at Madras by representing the Malabar District). He later led the relief activities for Mappilas, who were affected by the [[Malabar rebellion|Mappila Uprising]] (1921–22). He formed the "Mappila Amelioration Committee" at Madras, which collected and distributed more than two hundred thousand rupees among the Mappilas. |
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== In the Muslim League == |
== In the Muslim League == |
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B. Pocker was one of earliest leaders of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] in [[Madras Presidency]] (along with [[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M. Seethi Saheb]], [[K. Uppi Saheb]] and [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Mohammed Ismail]]).<ref name=":02" /> He contested from the [[Kurumbranad]]-[[Kozhikkode]] [[Constituency]] (Muslim League). Though he lost the election to the candidate supported by [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal| |
B. Pocker was one of earliest leaders of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] in [[Madras Presidency]] (along with [[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M. Seethi Saheb]], [[K. Uppi Saheb]] and [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Mohammed Ismail]]).<ref name=":02" /> He contested from the [[Kurumbranad]]-[[Kozhikkode]] [[Constituency]] (Muslim League). Though he lost the election to the candidate supported by [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]], the election campaign led by [[K. M. Seethi Sahib]] strengthened the Muslim League in Malabar. Eventually, Bafaqy Thangal also joined th party, which spread the acceptance of Muslim League among Mappilas. |
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=== In the Constituent Assembly === |
=== In the Constituent Assembly === |
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Pocker was elected from the Madras Assembly to the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] of India in 1946 (Malabar - Urban Muslim).<ref name=":02" /><ref>[http://164.100.47.194/loksabha/writereaddata/cadebatefiles/C30121948.pdf Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) '''Volume''' '''VII''']</ref> |
Pocker was elected from the Madras Assembly to the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] of India in 1946 (Malabar - Urban Muslim).<ref name=":02" /><ref>[http://164.100.47.194/loksabha/writereaddata/cadebatefiles/C30121948.pdf Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) '''Volume''' '''VII''']</ref> |
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Following the partition of India (1947), the [[All-India Muslim League]] was virtually disbanded.<ref name=":02" /> It was succeeded by the [[Indian Union Muslim League]] in the Dominion of India |
Following the partition of India (1947), the [[All-India Muslim League]] was virtually disbanded.<ref name=":02" /> It was succeeded by the [[Indian Union Muslim League]] in the Dominion of India.<ref name=":02" /> Even after partition, Pocker and his south Indian League colleagues remained with the League.<ref name=":02" /> Within a month, the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] voted to abolish separate electorates for Muslim.<ref name=":02" /> Pocker and K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim moved an amendment to retain the separate electorates.<ref name=":02" /> This motion was defeated in the Constituent Assembly.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Constituent Assembly Proceedings|url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol4p3.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716113228/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol4p3.htm|archive-date=16 July 2017|website=Parliament of India}}</ref> |
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== As a Member of Parliament == |
== As a Member of Parliament == |
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Revision as of 09:34, 1 June 2022
B. Pocker | |
|---|---|
.png) B. Pocker | |
| Member of Parliament for Malappuram/Manjeri | |
| Preceded by | Inaugural Holder |
| Succeeded by | M. Muhammad Ismail |
| In office 1952–1962 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1890 Tellicherry, Malabar District, Madras Presidency |
| Died | 29 July 1965 (aged 74–75) Kerala, India |
| Political party |
|
B. Pocker (1890 – July 29, 1965), also spelled Poker, Sahib Bahadur, was an Indian politician and social worker from Tellicherry, north Kerala, Madras Presidency.[1] He served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India and as the Member of Parliament from Malappuram (Manjeri) Parliamentary Constituency between 1952 and 1962.
Early career
B. Pocker was born in 1890 at Tellicherry in Malabar District, Madras Presidency. He studied at Tellicherry Brennen College[2] and the Madras Christian College. He graduated from Madras Law College in 1915 and started practising as an advocate in Madras High Court in 1917. He was only the fifth university graduate and second advocate from the Mappila Muslims of Malabar District.
Pocker, now a senior advocate in the High Court, entered politics in the late 1910s by arguing for special Muslim constituencies in Malabar District. He famously submitted a memorandum during the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford reforms (passed as Government of India Act, 1919).
Pocker was a regional frontman of the Caliphate Movement (he supported Shaukat Ali at Madras by representing the Malabar District). He later led the relief activities for Mappilas, who were affected by the Mappila Uprising (1921–22). He formed the "Mappila Amelioration Committee" at Madras, which collected and distributed more than two hundred thousand rupees among the Mappilas.
Pocker founded the "South India Muslim Education Society" and "Kerala Muslim Education Association". He served as the Parliament Party Secretary of the United Nationalist Party in the Madras Assembly from 1930 to 1936.
In the Muslim League
B. Pocker was one of earliest leaders of the Muslim League in Madras Presidency (along with K. M. Seethi Saheb, K. Uppi Saheb and M. Mohammed Ismail).[1] He contested from the Kurumbranad-Kozhikkode Constituency (Muslim League). Though he lost the election to the candidate supported by Bafaqy Thangal, the election campaign led by K. M. Seethi Sahib strengthened the Muslim League in Malabar. Eventually, Bafaqy Thangal also joined th party, which spread the acceptance of Muslim League among Mappilas.
In the Constituent Assembly
"There are ever so many multitudes of communities following various customs for centuries or thousands of years. By one stroke of the pen you want to annul all that and make them uniform...The standards of which community would be taken as the basis for the uniformity of the code?"
Pocker was elected from the Madras Assembly to the Constituent Assembly of India in 1946 (Malabar - Urban Muslim).[1][3]
Following the partition of India (1947), the All-India Muslim League was virtually disbanded.[1] It was succeeded by the Indian Union Muslim League in the Dominion of India.[1] Even after partition, Pocker and his south Indian League colleagues remained with the League.[1] Within a month, the Constituent Assembly voted to abolish separate electorates for Muslim.[1] Pocker and K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim moved an amendment to retain the separate electorates.[1] This motion was defeated in the Constituent Assembly.[1][4]
As a Member of Parliament
Pocker was elected from Malappuram Parliamentary Constituency to the Lower House (Lok Sabha) in 1952 with the Muslim League.[5][6] He was re-elected in 1957 as independent (Muslim League) candidate (constituency name changed to "Manjeri").[7]
His efforts helped to win Indian Muslims exemptions from the Special Marriage Act, 1954. He served as a National Executive Member of the Indian Union Muslim League and Vice President of Kerala State Committee.
| Candidate | Votes% | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1952 General Elections (Malappuram) | B. Pocker | 39.0 | Muslim League |
| T. V. Chathukutty Nair | 30.6 | Indian National Congress | |
| Kumhali Karikedan | 30.4 | Communist Party of India | |
| 1957 General Elections
(name changed to Manjeri) |
B. Pocker | 43.5 | Independent (Muslim League) |
| Kunhikoya Palat | 34.4 | Indian National Congress | |
| Mohamed Koya K. P. | 22.1 | Communist Party of India |
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Wright, Theodore P. (1966). "The Muslim League in South India since Independence". American Political Science Review. 60 (3): 579–599. doi:10.2307/1952972. ISSN 0003-0554. JSTOR 1952972.
- ^ Miller, Roland. E. (1976). Mappila Muslims of Kerala: A Study in Islamic Trends. Orient Longman. pp. 123 and 168.
- ^ Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) Volume VII
- ^ "Constituent Assembly Proceedings". Parliament of India. Archived from the original on 16 July 2017.
- ^ "History of Muslim League in Kerala and India". The Indian Express. New Delhi. 6 April 2019.
- ^ Parliament of India (official website)
- ^ Parliament of India (official website)