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{{about|the current alignment along Parkway North|the historical alignment on Parkway West prior to 2009|Interstate 376#Route designations prior to 2009|the historical alignment prior to 1970|Interstate 79#History}}
{{short description|Highway in Pennsylvania, United States}}
{{short description|Highway in Pennsylvania, United States}}
⚫
{{about|the current alignment along Parkway North|the historical alignment on Parkway West prior to 2009|Interstate 376#Route designations prior to 2009|the historical alignment prior to 1970|Interstate 79#History}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox road
{{Infobox road
|state=PA
|state=PA
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|map_custom=yes
|map_custom=yes
|map_notes=I-279 highlighted in red
|map_notes=I-279 highlighted in red
|length_mi=13.20
|length_mi=13.32
|length_ref=<ref>{{cite web |date=December 31, 2022 |title=Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways |url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/interstate_highway_system/routefinder/table01.cfm |access-date=June 6, 2022 |work=FHWA Route Log and Finder List |publisher=[[Federal Highway Administration]]}}</ref>
|length_round=2
|length_ref=<ref name="pahighways">{{cite web|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I279.html|title=Pennsylvaniua Highways&nbsp;— Interstate 279|publisher=Pennsylvania Highways|date=September 19, 2010}}</ref>
|established=October 2, 1972<ref name=1972news/>
|established=October 2, 1972<ref name=1972news/>
|direction_a=South
|direction_a=South
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|spur_of=79
|spur_of=79
}}
}}
'''Interstate 279''' ('''I-279'''), locally referred to as '''Parkway North''', is a north–south [[Interstate Highway]] spur that lies entirely within [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania]]. Its southern end is at [[Interstate 376]] at the [[Fort Pitt Bridge]] in Pittsburgh, and the north end is in [[Franklin Park, Pennsylvania|Franklin Park]] at [[Interstate 79]]. It primarily serves at the main access route between [[Pittsburgh]] and its northern suburbs.
'''Interstate&nbsp;279''' ('''I-279'''), locally referred to as '''Parkway North''', is a north–south [[auxiliary Interstate Highway]] that lies entirely within [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania]]. Its southern end is at [[Interstate 376|I-376]] at the [[Fort Pitt Bridge]] in Pittsburgh, and the north end is in [[Franklin Park, Pennsylvania|Franklin Park]] at [[Interstate 79 in Pennsylvania|I-79]]. It primarily serves at the main access route between [[Pittsburgh]] and its northern suburbs.


== Route description ==
== Route description ==
[[File:2022-05-15 12 12 37 will rename and categorize soon 17.jpg|thumb|left|I-279 northbound past the Camp Horne Road interchange in Ohio Township]]
[[File:2022-05-15 12 12 37 will rename and categorize soon 17.jpg|thumb|left|I-279 northbound past the Camp Horne Road interchange in Ohio Township]]
[[File:Interstate 279.JPG|thumb|left|View of I-279 from the Swindell Bridge, roughly two miles north of downtown Pittsburgh.]]
[[File:Interstate 279.JPG|thumb|left|View of I-279 from the Swindell Bridge, roughly {{Convert|2|mi|km|spell=in}} north of Downtown Pittsburgh]]


The southern terminus of I-279 is at [[Interstate 376|I-376]] in downtown Pittsburgh. It runs concurrently with [[U.S. Route 19 Truck]] from its southern terminus to exit 4. (US Route 19 Truck continues on Interstate 376 west.) I-279 crosses the [[Fort Duquesne Bridge]] over the [[Allegheny River]], providing easy access to [[Heinz Field]] and [[PNC Park]]. [[Interstate 579]] intersects I-279, but is only accessible by southbound traffic; likewise, traffic from I-579 can only head northbound on I-279 by the [[Interstate 279 Interchange]]. I-279 features two reversible [[high-occupancy vehicle lane|high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane]]s. The HOV lanes end at exit 5, which is an interchange with [[U.S. Route 19 in Pennsylvania|US 19]]. The road becomes more suburban and rural as it continues to head north. It has two additional interchanges, Bellevue/West View and Camp Horne Road. After Camp Horne Road, there are no exits until its terminus five miles later. The interstate terminates at its parent, [[Interstate 79]]. Like the interchange with I-579, this is also a partial interchange. Traffic on I-279 is only permitted to exit northbound on I-79, while only traffic heading southbound on I-79 can exit on to I-279 south.
The southern terminus of I-279 is at [[Interstate 376|I-376]] in [[Downtown Pittsburgh]]. It runs concurrently with [[U.S. Route 19 Truck (Pittsburgh)|US Route&nbsp;19 Truck]] (US&nbsp;19 Truck) from its southern terminus to exit&nbsp;4. (US&nbsp;19 Truck continues on I-376 west.) I-279 crosses the [[Fort Duquesne Bridge]] over the [[Allegheny River]], providing easy access to [[Heinz Field]] and [[PNC Park]]. [[Interstate 579|I-579]] intersects I-279 but is only accessible by southbound traffic; likewise, traffic from I-579 can only head northbound on I-279 by the [[Interstate 279 Interchange|I-279 Interchange]]. I-279 features two reversible [[high-occupancy vehicle lane]]s (HOV lanes). The HOV lanes end at exit&nbsp;5, which is an interchange with [[U.S. Route 19 in Pennsylvania|US&nbsp;19]]. The road becomes more suburban and rural as it continues to head north. It has two additional interchanges, Bellevue/West View and Camp Horne Road. After Camp Horne Road, there are no exits until its terminus {{Convert|5|mi|km|spell=in}} later. The Interstate terminates at its parent, [[Interstate 79 in Pennsylvania|I-79]]. Like the interchange with I-579, this is also a partial interchange. Traffic on I-279 is only permitted to exit northbound on I-79, while only traffic heading southbound on I-79 can exit on to I-279 south.


The section from exit 1B to exit 2B is also known as the North Shore Expressway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/art-architecture/2013/07/21/The-Bridges-of-Pittsburgh-Veterans-Memorial-Bridge/stories/201307210274|title=The Bridges of Pittsburgh: Veterans Memorial Bridge|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I279.html|title=Pennsylvania Highways: Interstate 279|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref>
The section from exit&nbsp;1B to exit&nbsp;2B is also known as the North Shore Expressway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/art-architecture/2013/07/21/The-Bridges-of-Pittsburgh-Veterans-Memorial-Bridge/stories/201307210274|title=The Bridges of Pittsburgh: Veterans Memorial Bridge|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I279.html|title=Pennsylvania Highways: Interstate 279|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Pittsburgh (view from the North Hills).JPG|thumb|left|I-279 inbound from the North Hills of Pittsburgh]]
[[File:Pittsburgh (view from the North Hills).JPG|thumb|left|I-279 inbound from the North Hills of Pittsburgh]]


Interstate 279 was first proposed in 1958, to run along what is now I-79 between the current I-376 in [[Carnegie, Pennsylvania|Carnegie]] and the current I-279 in Franklin Park. On October 2, 1972, its route was swapped with I-79, putting I-279 onto its current route, although only the downtown portion and the Fort Duquesne Bridge were built at the time.<ref name=1972news>{{cite news|title=Interstates Renumbered|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15491728/interstates_redone_10272_february/|access-date=November 30, 2017|work=The Pittsburgh Press|date=February 24, 1972|page=8|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{open access}}</ref>
I-279 was first proposed in 1958 to run along what is now I-79 between the current I-376 in [[Carnegie, Pennsylvania|Carnegie]] and the current I-279 in Franklin Park. On October 2, 1972, its route was swapped with I-79, putting I-279 onto its current route, although only the downtown portion and the Fort Duquesne Bridge were built at the time.<ref name=1972news>{{cite news|title=Interstates Renumbered|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15491728/interstates_redone_10272_february/|access-date=November 30, 2017|work=The Pittsburgh Press|date=February 24, 1972|page=8|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{open access}}</ref>


In 1973, the designation was extended from downtown over Parkway West (what is now I-376) to I-79.<ref name="pahwys">{{cite web|work=Pennsylvania Highways|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I279.html |title=Interstate 279|last=Kitsko|first=Jeffrey}}</ref> This section became part of I-376 in 2009, and the I-279 signs were taken down there.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jon |last=Schmitz|date=June 11, 2009|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09162/976662-147.stm|title=Roads unite to form new Interstate 376|publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=2009-06-11}}</ref>
In 1973, the designation was extended from downtown over Parkway West (what is now I-376) to I-79.<ref name="pahwys">{{cite web|work=Pennsylvania Highways|url=http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I279.html |title=Interstate 279|last=Kitsko|first=Jeffrey}}</ref> This section became part of I-376 in 2009, and the I-279 signs were taken down there.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jon |last=Schmitz|date=June 11, 2009|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09162/976662-147.stm|title=Roads unite to form new Interstate 376|publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=2009-06-11}}</ref>


I-279 from Fort Duquesne Bridge to its current northern terminus in Franklin Park was approved on June 4, 1975 but constructed from 1985 to 1989, opening in its entirety with a [[Robert P. Casey|Governor Casey]] ribbon cutting on September 16, 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OakcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=imMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2481%2C2546984|title=The Pittsburgh Press&nbsp;— Google News Archive Search|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref> From 1997 to 2003, various ramps, the Fort Pitt Bridge, and nearby tunnels were reconstructed. A direct connection from I-279 south to I-376 east was opened in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gribblenation.com/swparoads/connector/ | title=The I-279/376 Downtown Connector | last=Prince | first=Adam | work=GribbleNation}}</ref>
I-279 from Fort Duquesne Bridge to its current northern terminus in Franklin Park was approved on June 4, 1975, but constructed from 1985 to 1989, opening in its entirety with a Governor [[Bob Casey Sr.]] ribbon-cutting on September 16, 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OakcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=imMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2481%2C2546984|title=The Pittsburgh Press&nbsp;— Google News Archive Search|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref> From 1997 to 2003, various ramps, the Fort Pitt Bridge, and nearby tunnels were reconstructed. A direct connection from I-279 south to I-376 east was opened in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gribblenation.com/swparoads/connector/ | title=The I-279/376 Downtown Connector | last=Prince | first=Adam | work=GribbleNation}}</ref>


A tragedy occurred on the reversible HOV lanes in 1995 when a negligent highway worker failed to close the outbound gates, leading to a head-on collision that killed six. In 2006, to help prevent a repeat of this incident, automatic "fast acting gates" were activated at the southern entrances to these HOV lanes in downtown Pittsburgh.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06139/691433-147.stm |title=New HOV gates start Monday on Parkway North |publisher=Post-gazette.com |date=2006-05-19 |access-date=2010-06-01 | first=Joe | last=Grata}}</ref>
A tragedy occurred on the reversible HOV lanes in 1995 when a negligent highway worker failed to close the outbound gates, leading to a head-on collision that killed six. In 2006, to help prevent a repeat of this incident, automatic "fast acting gates" were activated at the southern entrances to these HOV lanes in Downtown Pittsburgh.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06139/691433-147.stm |title=New HOV gates start Monday on Parkway North |publisher=Post-gazette.com |date=2006-05-19 |access-date=2010-06-01 | first=Joe | last=Grata}}</ref>


=== Unearthed cemetery ===
=== Unearthed cemetery ===
During the last phases of construction of I-279 in 1987, a long-forgotten [[cemetery]] dating from the 19th century was unearthed near the site of the current I-279/[[Interstate 579|I-579]] split. Archaeologists spent four months exhuming the graves for cultural studies at the [[Smithsonian Institution]], putting PennDOT significantly behind schedule. It was determined that the graves belonged to [[Switzerland|Swiss]] and [[German Confederation|German]] immigrants that were members of a local church located next door to the cemetery in what was then [[Allegheny, Pennsylvania|Allegheny City]], with 727 graves buried at the {{convert|1/2|acre|are|spell=in}} site between 1833 and 1861. The graves were forgotten about by 1911 when the church did an addition to the building and had the foundation unintentionally go through about fifteen graves, with the [[churchyard]] housing the cemetery later becoming a [[parking lot]] in 1950. Aside from a pair of [[Stillbirth|stillborn]] twins, none of the graves were identified, and archaeologists were unable to find any living descendants due to the obscurity of the cemetery. The remains were reburied with one marker at the church's current cemetery in the [[Troy Hill (Pittsburgh)|Troy Hill]] section of Pittsburgh in 2003 after the Smithsonian Institution finished studying them; the congregation itself disbanded in 1984 after PennDOT bought the church property via [[eminent domain]] for I-279 and only had 21 members at that point. Today, it is the largest number of 19th century graves ([[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] graves notwithstanding) ever studied archaeologically in America.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/local/neighborhoods-city/lost-pittsburgh-cemetery-lives-on-in-memories-699883/ | work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | title=Lost Pittsburgh cemetery lives on in memories&nbsp;— Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | date=August 19, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://old.post-gazette.com/lifestyle/20031028cemetery1028fnp2.asp |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-08-19 |archive-date=2013-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211211046/http://old.post-gazette.com/lifestyle/20031028cemetery1028fnp2.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>
During the last phases of construction of I-279 in 1987, a long-forgotten [[cemetery]] dating from the 19th century was unearthed near the site of the current I-279/[[Interstate 579|I-579]] split. Archeologists spent four months exhuming the graves for cultural studies at the [[Smithsonian Institution]], putting the [[Pennsylvania Department of Transportation]] (PennDOT) significantly behind schedule. It was determined that the graves belonged to [[Switzerland|Swiss]] and [[German Confederation|German]] immigrants that were members of a local church located next door to the cemetery in what was then [[Allegheny, Pennsylvania|Allegheny City]], with 727&nbsp;graves buried at the {{convert|0.5|acre|ha|adj=on}} site between 1833 and 1861. The graves were forgotten about by 1911 when the church did an addition to the building and had the foundation unintentionally go through about 15&nbsp;graves, with the [[churchyard]] housing the cemetery later becoming a [[parking lot]] in 1950. Aside from a pair of [[Stillbirth|stillborn]] twins, none of the graves were identified, and archeologists were unable to find any living descendants due to the obscurity of the cemetery. The remains were reburied with one marker at the church's current cemetery in the [[Troy Hill (Pittsburgh)|Troy Hill]] section of Pittsburgh in 2003 after the Smithsonian Institution finished studying them; the congregation itself disbanded in 1984 after PennDOT bought the church property via [[eminent domain]] for I-279 and only had 21&nbsp;members at that point. Today, it is the largest number of 19th century graves ([[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] graves notwithstanding) ever studied archeologically in the US.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/local/neighborhoods-city/lost-pittsburgh-cemetery-lives-on-in-memories-699883/ | work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | title=Lost Pittsburgh cemetery lives on in memories&nbsp;— Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | date=August 19, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://old.post-gazette.com/lifestyle/20031028cemetery1028fnp2.asp |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-08-19 |archive-date=2013-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211211046/http://old.post-gazette.com/lifestyle/20031028cemetery1028fnp2.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Exit list ==
== Exit list ==

Revision as of 00:58, 7 June 2022

This article is about the current alignment along Parkway North. For the historical alignment on Parkway West prior to 2009, see Interstate 376 § Route designations prior to 2009. For the historical alignment prior to 1970, see Interstate 79 § History.

Interstate 279 marker
Interstate 279
Parkway North
Map
I-279 highlighted in red
Route information
Auxiliary route of I-79
Maintained by PennDOT
Length13.32 mi[1] (21.44 km)
ExistedOctober 2, 1972[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
South end I-376 / US 22 / US 30 in Pittsburgh
Major intersections I-579 / PA 28 / PA 65 in Pittsburgh

 US 19 Truck in Pittsburgh
US 19 in Ross Township
North end I-79 in Franklin Park
Location
CountryUnited States
StatePennsylvania
CountiesAllegheny
Highway system
← PA 278→ I-280

Interstate 279 (I-279), locally referred to as Parkway North, is a north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway that lies entirely within Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Its southern end is at I-376 at the Fort Pitt Bridge in Pittsburgh, and the north end is in Franklin Park at I-79. It primarily serves at the main access route between Pittsburgh and its northern suburbs.

Route description

I-279 northbound past the Camp Horne Road interchange in Ohio Township
View of I-279 from the Swindell Bridge, roughly two miles (3.2 km) north of Downtown Pittsburgh

The southern terminus of I-279 is at I-376 in Downtown Pittsburgh. It runs concurrently with US Route 19 Truck (US 19 Truck) from its southern terminus to exit 4. (US 19 Truck continues on I-376 west.) I-279 crosses the Fort Duquesne Bridge over the Allegheny River, providing easy access to Heinz Field and PNC Park. I-579 intersects I-279 but is only accessible by southbound traffic; likewise, traffic from I-579 can only head northbound on I-279 by the I-279 Interchange. I-279 features two reversible high-occupancy vehicle lanes (HOV lanes). The HOV lanes end at exit 5, which is an interchange with US 19. The road becomes more suburban and rural as it continues to head north. It has two additional interchanges, Bellevue/West View and Camp Horne Road. After Camp Horne Road, there are no exits until its terminus five miles (8.0 km) later. The Interstate terminates at its parent, I-79. Like the interchange with I-579, this is also a partial interchange. Traffic on I-279 is only permitted to exit northbound on I-79, while only traffic heading southbound on I-79 can exit on to I-279 south.

The section from exit 1B to exit 2B is also known as the North Shore Expressway.[3][4]

History

I-279 inbound from the North Hills of Pittsburgh

I-279 was first proposed in 1958 to run along what is now I-79 between the current I-376 in Carnegie and the current I-279 in Franklin Park. On October 2, 1972, its route was swapped with I-79, putting I-279 onto its current route, although only the downtown portion and the Fort Duquesne Bridge were built at the time.[2]

In 1973, the designation was extended from downtown over Parkway West (what is now I-376) to I-79.[5] This section became part of I-376 in 2009, and the I-279 signs were taken down there.[6]

I-279 from Fort Duquesne Bridge to its current northern terminus in Franklin Park was approved on June 4, 1975, but constructed from 1985 to 1989, opening in its entirety with a Governor Bob Casey Sr. ribbon-cutting on September 16, 1989.[7] From 1997 to 2003, various ramps, the Fort Pitt Bridge, and nearby tunnels were reconstructed. A direct connection from I-279 south to I-376 east was opened in 2002.[8]

A tragedy occurred on the reversible HOV lanes in 1995 when a negligent highway worker failed to close the outbound gates, leading to a head-on collision that killed six. In 2006, to help prevent a repeat of this incident, automatic "fast acting gates" were activated at the southern entrances to these HOV lanes in Downtown Pittsburgh.[9]

Unearthed cemetery

During the last phases of construction of I-279 in 1987, a long-forgotten cemetery dating from the 19th century was unearthed near the site of the current I-279/I-579 split. Archeologists spent four months exhuming the graves for cultural studies at the Smithsonian Institution, putting the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) significantly behind schedule. It was determined that the graves belonged to Swiss and German immigrants that were members of a local church located next door to the cemetery in what was then Allegheny City, with 727 graves buried at the 0.5-acre (0.20 ha) site between 1833 and 1861. The graves were forgotten about by 1911 when the church did an addition to the building and had the foundation unintentionally go through about 15 graves, with the churchyard housing the cemetery later becoming a parking lot in 1950. Aside from a pair of stillborn twins, none of the graves were identified, and archeologists were unable to find any living descendants due to the obscurity of the cemetery. The remains were reburied with one marker at the church's current cemetery in the Troy Hill section of Pittsburgh in 2003 after the Smithsonian Institution finished studying them; the congregation itself disbanded in 1984 after PennDOT bought the church property via eminent domain for I-279 and only had 21 members at that point. Today, it is the largest number of 19th century graves (Native American graves notwithstanding) ever studied archeologically in the US.[10][11]

Exit list

The entire route is in Allegheny County. [12]

Location[12]mi[13]kmOld exitNew exit[14]DestinationsNotes
Pittsburgh0.0000.000
–

 To I-376 east – Downtown Pittsburgh, Monroeville

 I-376 west – Fort Pitt Bridge, Pittsburgh International Airport		Exit 70C on I-376, southern terminus of I-279
0.3130.504
1AConvention Center, Strip District
Fort Duquesne Boulevard		Southbound left exit and northbound entrance
0.236–
0.496		0.380–
0.798		Fort Duquesne Bridge over the Allegheny River
0.494–
0.803		0.795–
1.292
1BNorth ShoreLeft exit northbound; no northbound entrance; southern end of HOV lane
1C
 US 19 (Ohio River Boulevard) / PA 65 north		Left exit and entrance northbound; US 19 only appears on northbound signage
1.0201.642
1D
 PA 28 north / Chestnut Street / Ohio Street – Etna		Northbound exit and southbound entrance
1.0981.767––9th StreetSouthbound left exit and northbound entrance
1.2371.991––
 I-279 south		Southbound exit only
1.6772.699––PPG Paints ArenaSouthbound left exit and northbound entrance
1.8452.969
2A
 I-579 south – Veterans Bridge		Northern terminus of I-579; southbound exit and northbound entrance
1.9103.074
2B
 To PA 28 / East Ohio Street		Southbound exit and northbound entrance. Exit originally designated as East Street until December 2017
2.9034.672
3Hazlett StreetNorthbound exit and entrance
3.8346.170
4East StreetSouthbound exit and entrance. Exit originally designated as Venture Street until December 2017
4.0816.568
4

 US 19 Truck north (McKnight Road) / Evergreen Road		Northern end of concurrency with US 19 Truck; northbound exit and southbound entrance
HOV: northbound exit and southbound left entrance
Ross Township5.4698.802
5 US 19 (Perrysville Avenue)HOV: northbound left exit and southbound left entrance
5.5358.908Northern end of HOV lanes
7.30411.755
7Bellevue, West View
Ohio Township8.41013.535
8 Green Belt (Camp Horne Road)
Franklin Park13.30721.41620[b]–
 I-79 north – Erie		Exit 72 on I-79, northern terminus of I-279
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Sequential exit number before replaced with milepost-based exit number[15]
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Milepost-based exit number from former southern terminus at I-79[15]
  3. ^ a b Northbound
  4. ^ a b Southbound

See also

References

  1. ^ "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways". FHWA Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. December 31, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Interstates Renumbered". The Pittsburgh Press. February 24, 1972. p. 8. Retrieved November 30, 2017 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  3. ^ "The Bridges of Pittsburgh: Veterans Memorial Bridge". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  4. ^ "Pennsylvania Highways: Interstate 279". Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  5. ^ Kitsko, Jeffrey. "Interstate 279". Pennsylvania Highways.
  6. ^ Schmitz, Jon (June 11, 2009). "Roads unite to form new Interstate 376". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved June 11, 2009.
  7. ^ "The Pittsburgh Press — Google News Archive Search". Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  8. ^ Prince, Adam. "The I-279/376 Downtown Connector". GribbleNation.
  9. ^ Grata, Joe (May 19, 2006). "New HOV gates start Monday on Parkway North". Post-gazette.com. Retrieved June 1, 2010.
  10. ^ "Lost Pittsburgh cemetery lives on in memories — Pittsburgh Post-Gazette". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. August 19, 2013.
  11. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on December 11, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ^ "Video Log". Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
  13. ^ Bureau of Maintenance and Operations (January 2016). Roadway Management System Straight Line Diagrams (Report) (2015 ed.). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
  14. ^ Staff (August 19, 2009). "I-376 Corridor New Exit Numbers" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation District 11-0. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
  15. ^ a b "Pennsylvania Exit Numbering" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
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