Jump to content

Simplicissimus: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Wolfmann (talk | contribs)
342 edits
m Thomas Theodor Heine
Wolfmann (talk | contribs)
342 edits
Line 29: Line 29:
<gallery widths="180" heights="180" perrow="4" caption="A Selection of Simplicissimus Art">
<gallery widths="180" heights="180" perrow="4" caption="A Selection of Simplicissimus Art">
File:Angelo Jank Otto Erich Hartleben Grübchen Simplicissimus 1896.jpg|Illustration from 1896.
File:Angelo Jank Otto Erich Hartleben Grübchen Simplicissimus 1896.jpg|Illustration from 1896.
File:Plakat Heine - Simplicissimus 1896.jpg|Cover from 1896.
File:Plakat Heine - Simplicissimus 1896.jpg|''Simplicissimus Künstler-Kneipe und Kathi Kobus. Herausgegeben vom Hausdichter Hans Bötticher'', cover from 1896. With by Thomas Theodor Heine.
File:Hans Rossmann - Simplicissimus Nr. 04, 1898.jpg|Cartoon from 1898.
File:Hans Rossmann - Simplicissimus Nr. 04, 1898.jpg|Cartoon from 1898. Art by [[Hans Rossmann]].
File:Simplicissimus Künstler-Kneipe und Kathi Kobus. Herausgegeben vom Hausdichter Hans Bötticher. München, Selbstverlag 1909.jpg|Cover from 1909.
File:Simplicissimus Künstler-Kneipe und Kathi Kobus. Herausgegeben vom Hausdichter Hans Bötticher. München, Selbstverlag 1909.jpg|Cover from 1909.
File:Badenummer, Simplicissimus Titelseite 1913, Privatbesitz.jpg|Cover from 1913.
File:Badenummer, Simplicissimus Titelseite 1913, Privatbesitz.jpg|Cover from 1913. Art by [[Brynolf Wennerberg]].
File:Otto Lendecke Simplicissimus 1917 Seite 333.jpg|Illustration from 1917.
File:Otto Lendecke Simplicissimus 1917 Seite 333.jpg|Illustration from 1917. Art by [[Otto Lendecke]].
File:Erich Schilling – Hunger und Tod (Hunger and Death) Simplicissimus No. 34 Nov. 19 1923 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1923.
File:Erich Schilling – Hunger und Tod (Hunger and Death) Simplicissimus No. 34 Nov. 19 1923 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1923. Art by [[Erich Schilling]]
File:Erich Schilling – Greuel-Lügen, Die trojanische Ente ('Abomination lies') Simplicissimus August 1933 Satirical cartoon No known copyright.jpg|Cover from 1933.
File:Erich Schilling – Greuel-Lügen, Die trojanische Ente ('Abomination lies') Simplicissimus August 1933 Satirical cartoon No known copyright.jpg|Cover from 1933. Art by Erich Schilling.
File:Erich Schilling – Der Straßburger Sender "Nicht entgiftet wird die Atmosphäre, sondern vergiftet!" (The Strasbourg Station) Simplicissimus No. 32 5.11.1933 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1933.
File:Erich Schilling – Der Straßburger Sender "Nicht entgiftet wird die Atmosphäre, sondern vergiftet!" (The Strasbourg Station) Simplicissimus No. 32 5.11.1933 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1933. Art by Erich Schilling.
File:Erich Schilling – Die Ost-China-Bahn, Ex oriente lux? (The East China railway, skeleton with torch on locomotive) Simplicissimus -25 Sept. 16 1934 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1934.
File:Erich Schilling – Die Ost-China-Bahn, Ex oriente lux? (The East China railway, skeleton with torch on locomotive) Simplicissimus -25 Sept. 16 1934 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1934. Art by Erich Schilling.
File:Erich Schilling – Die Konkurrenz (The competitors, caricature of Stalin, devil) Simplicissimus 20 May 1943 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1943.
File:Erich Schilling – Die Konkurrenz (The competitors, caricature of Stalin, devil) Simplicissimus 20 May 1943 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1943. Art by Erich Schilling.
File:Erich Schilling – Wer liefert wem? (Who supplies whom? caricatures of Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill) Simplicissimus No. 5 Feb. 1943 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1943.
File:Erich Schilling – Wer liefert wem? (Who supplies whom? caricatures of Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill) Simplicissimus No. 5 Feb. 1943 Satirical cartoon No known copyright (low-res).jpg|Cartoon from 1943. Art by Erich Schilling.
</gallery>
</gallery>


Revision as of 08:00, 13 June 2022

Simplicissimus
Simplicissimus published this as a cartoon of the Weimar Republic as a 'republic without republicans.' on 21 March 1927.
CategoriesSatirical arts, culture and politics
Frequencyweekly; from 1964 a biweekly
Total circulation85,000
FounderAlbert Langen
First issue1896
Final issue1967
CountryGermany
Based inMunich
LanguageGerman
Simplicissimus is also a name for the 1668 novel Simplicius Simplicissimus and its protagonist.

Simplicissimus (German: [zɪmplɪˈtsɪsɪmʊs]) was a satirical German weekly magazine, headquartered in Munich, and founded by Albert Langen in April 1896. It continued publishing until 1967, interrupted by a hiatus from 1944–1954, and became a biweekly in 1964.[1] It took its name from the protagonist of Grimmelshausen's 1668 novel Der Abenteuerliche Simplicissimus Teutsch.[2][3]

Combining brash and politically daring content, with a bright, immediate, and surprisingly modern graphic style, Simplicissimus published the work of writers such as Thomas Mann and Rainer Maria Rilke. Its most reliable targets for caricature were stiff Prussian military figures, and rigid German social and class distinctions as seen from the more relaxed, liberal atmosphere of Munich. Contributors included Hermann Hesse, Gustav Meyrink, Fanny zu Reventlow, Jakob Wassermann, Frank Wedekind, Heinrich Kley, Alfred Kubin, Otto Nückel, Robert Walser, Heinrich Zille, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Heinrich Mann, Lessie Sachs, and Erich Kästner.

Although the magazine's satirical nature was largely indulged by the German government, an 1898 cover mocking Kaiser Wilhelm's pilgrimage to Palestine resulted in the issue being confiscated. Langen, the publisher, spent five years' exile in Switzerland and was fined 30,000 German gold marks. A six-month prison sentence was given to the cartoonist Heine, and seven months to the writer Frank Wedekind. All the defendants were charged with "insulting a royal majesty".[4] Again in 1906 the editor Ludwig Thoma was imprisoned for six months for attacking the clergy. These controversies only served to increase circulation, which peaked at about 85,000 copies. Upon Germany's entry into World War I, the weekly dulled its satirical tone, began supporting the war effort and considered closing down. Thereafter, the strongest political satire expressed in graphics became the province of artists George Grosz and Käthe Kollwitz (who were both contributors) and John Heartfield.

Black-and-White Images
What Does Hitler Look Like? by cartoonist Thomas Theodor Heine. A satirical gallery from the 5-28-23 105-116 issue of Simplicissimus magazine early in Hitler's Munich political career, when there were no publicly available photographs

The editor Ludwig Thoma joined the army in a medical unit in 1917, and lost his taste for satire, denouncing his previous work at the magazine, calling it immature and deplorable.

During the Weimar era the magazine continued to publish and took a strong stand against extremists on the left and on the right. (A satirical gallery of cartoons posing the question "What Does Hitler Look Like?" was published on the second page of its 5-28-1923 issue, as there were then no publicly available photographs of Adolf Hitler.)[5] As the National Socialists gradually came to power, they issued verbal accusations, attacks, threats and personal intimidation against the artists and writers of Simplicissimus, but they did not ban it. The editor Thomas Theodor Heine, a Jew, was forced to resign and went into exile. Other members of the team, including Karl Arnold, Olaf Gulbransson, Edward Thöny, Erich Schilling and Wilhelm Schulz remained and toed the Nazi party line, for which they were rewarded by the Nazis.[6] It continued publishing, in declining form, until finally ceasing publication in 1944. It was revived from 1954–1967.

Other graphic artists associated with the magazine included Bruno Paul, Josef Benedikt Engl, Rudolf Wilke, Ferdinand von Reznicek, Joseph Sattler, and Jeanne Mammen.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Harvard University Library Catalog, Hollis number 006013229.
  2. ^ "'Mussolini Triumphator', caricature from 'Simplicissimus' magazine". Bridgeman Images. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  3. ^ The Weimar Etudes. Columbia University Press. 13 August 2013. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-231-53136-8. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  4. ^ ""Simplicissimus" and the Palestine issue: Satire's timeless appeal - Qantara.de". Qantara.de - Dialogue with the Islamic World. Retrieved 2018-11-02. With the abdication of the German emperor and the German princes following World War I, the law became invalid (the paragraph incorrectly referred to in the article did not penalize the insult of the German head of state, but the defamation of organs and representatives of foreign states; it was abolished in 2017).
  5. ^ "Simplicissimus · die historische Satirezeitschrift · Blättern".
  6. ^ Klaus Mann: Der Simplicissimus. In: Das Neue Tagebuch, V. Jahrgang 1937, p. 214 (in German)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Simplicissimus&oldid=1092893361"