CSS General M. Jeff Thompson: Difference between revisions
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'''CSS ''General M. Jeff Thompson''''' was a [[cotton-clad]] [[Paddle steamer|sidewheel]] [[Naval ram|ram]] of the [[Confederate Navy]] during the [[American Civil War]]. |
'''CSS ''General M. Jeff Thompson''''' was a [[cotton-clad]] [[Paddle steamer|sidewheel]] [[Naval ram|ram]] of the [[Confederate Navy]] during the [[American Civil War]]. |
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The ship was selected in January 1862 by Captain James E. Montgomery to be part of his [[River Defense Fleet]]. At [[New Orleans]] on 25 January, Capt. Montgomery began to convert her into a cottonclad ram by placing a {{convert|4|in|mm| |
The ship was selected in January 1862 by Captain James E. Montgomery to be part of his [[River Defense Fleet]]. At [[New Orleans]] on 25 January, Capt. Montgomery began to convert her into a cottonclad ram by placing a {{convert|4|in|mm|adj=on}} oak sheath with a {{convert|1|in|mm|adj=on}} iron covering on her bow, and by installing double pine bulkheads filled with compressed cotton bales. |
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==Characteristics== |
==Characteristics== |
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==Service history== |
==Service history== |
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===Battle of Plum Point Bend=== |
===Battle of Plum Point Bend=== |
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On April 11, the modifications to ''General M. Jeff Thompson'' were completed, and the ship was sent to [[Fort Pillow State Historic Park|Fort Pillow]] in [[Tennessee]], in order to guard the route to [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. On May 10, the ship, as well as seven other Confederate ships, attacked the [[Union Navy|Union]] [[Mississippi Flotilla]], which was composed of [[Ironclad warship|ironclads]], resulting in the [[Battle of Plum Point Bend]]. Some of the Confederate ships were able to successfully use their rams, but ''General M. Jeff Thompson'' could not get within ramming range, instead using its [[cannon]]s. On June 1, the Confederates abandoned Fort Pillow, and the ships retreated to Memphis.{{sfn|DANFS|1963|p=524}} |
On April 11, the modifications to ''General M. Jeff Thompson'' were completed, and the ship was sent to [[Fort Pillow State Historic Park|Fort Pillow]] in [[Tennessee]], in order to guard the route to [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. On May 10, the ship, as well as seven other Confederate ships, attacked the [[Union Navy|Union]] [[Mississippi Flotilla]], which was composed of [[Ironclad warship|ironclads]], resulting in the [[Battle of Plum Point Bend]]. Some of the Confederate ships were able to successfully use their rams, but ''General M. Jeff Thompson'' could not get within ramming range, instead using its [[cannon]]s. On June 1, the Confederates abandoned Fort Pillow, and the ships retreated to Memphis.{{sfn|DANFS|1963|p=524}} |
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Revision as of 06:41, 7 July 2022
| History | |
|---|---|
 Confederate States | |
| Name | General M. Jeff Thompson |
| Namesake | M. Jeff Thompson |
| Acquired | January 1862 |
| Commissioned | April 1862 |
| Fate | Ran aground and blew up, 6 June 1862 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Sidewheel steamer |
| Propulsion | Steam engine, side wheels |
CSS General M. Jeff Thompson was a cotton-clad sidewheel ram of the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War.
The ship was selected in January 1862 by Captain James E. Montgomery to be part of his River Defense Fleet. At New Orleans on 25 January, Capt. Montgomery began to convert her into a cottonclad ram by placing a 4-inch (100 mm) oak sheath with a 1-inch (25 mm) iron covering on her bow, and by installing double pine bulkheads filled with compressed cotton bales.
Characteristics
In January 1862, the ship was chosen by Captain James E. Montgomery for Confederate service; it was assigned to the River Defense Fleet. In order to convert the ship for military use as a ram by adding 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick layer of iron, backed by 4 inches (10 cm) of wood on the ship's bow. Bulkheads stuffed with compressed cotton were also added to the ship, making it a cottonclad. The ship was powered by steam.[1] It was named after Confederate officer M. Jeff Thompson.[2]
Service history
Battle of Plum Point Bend
On April 11, the modifications to General M. Jeff Thompson were completed, and the ship was sent to Fort Pillow in Tennessee, in order to guard the route to Memphis, Tennessee. On May 10, the ship, as well as seven other Confederate ships, attacked the Union Mississippi Flotilla, which was composed of ironclads, resulting in the Battle of Plum Point Bend. Some of the Confederate ships were able to successfully use their rams, but General M. Jeff Thompson could not get within ramming range, instead using its cannons. On June 1, the Confederates abandoned Fort Pillow, and the ships retreated to Memphis.[1]
Battle of Memphis
The Union flotilla pursued the Confederate vessels, reaching Memphis on June 6. Montgomery, still commanding the Confederate fleet, did not believe that his ships had the ability to make it to Vicksburg due to fuel shortages, and decided against ordering the ships' scuttling. Instead, the Confederates fought the naval Battle of Memphis. During the fighting, Union cannon fire caught the General M. Jeff Thompson on fire. After the ship ran aground, her crew left the vessel. The fires reached the ship's naval magazine, which exploded, shattering the ship. Some of General M. Jeff Thompson's remains were scattered on the shoreline, while other pieces of wreckage remained underwater.[1]
References
- ^ a b c DANFS 1963, p. 524.
- ^ Mueller 2007, p. 58.
Sources
- Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Vol. 2. Washington, D. C.: United States Naval History Division. 1963. OCLC 769806177.
- Mueller, Doris Land (2007). M. Jeff Thompson: Missouri's Swamp Fox of the Confederacy. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. ISBN 9780826265906.
