Nafi Mawla Ibn Umar: Difference between revisions

Nafi bin Sarjis Abu Abdullah ad-Dailami
Nafi bin Sarjis Abu Abdullah ad-Dailami
Personal life
Died	c. 735 or 736; Medina, Saudi Arabia
Era	Rashidun-Umayyad
Notable work(s)	Golden chain of narrations in Hadith
Occupation	Ulama; Teacher;
Religious life
Religion	Islam
Movement	Tabi'un
Muslim leader
	Influenced by Abdullah ibn Umar, Abu Sa'id al-Khudri;
	Influenced Malik ibn Anas, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Ayyub as-Sakhtiyani;

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Nafi bin Sarjis Abu Abdullah ad-Dailami (Template:Lang-ar), also known as Nafi` Mawla ibn `Umar (Template:Lang-ar), was a scholar of Fiqh jurisprudence and muhaddith from the Tabiun generation who resided in Medina.^[1]

Biography

Nafi was originally a resident of Daylam (now including the Gilan region in Iran) who was captured during Muslim conquest of Persia and became a slave before being manumitted by Abdullah ibn Umar.^[1]^[2] He studied religion from the Companions of the Prophet, and especially from Abdullah bin Umar and Abu Sa'id al-Khudri.^[1]

He became a teacher for prominent scholars such as Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Ayyub as-Sakhtiyani, and Malik ibn Anas.^[1]

He became Mufti during the caliphate of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz and was sent by caliph to teach Islam to peoples in Egypt.^[3]

Golden Chain of Narration

Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions

Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught

Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught

Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught

Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught

Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught

Umar (579–644) second caliph taught

Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught

Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught

Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught

Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha

Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught

Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught

Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught

Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught

Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught

Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught

Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught

Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught

Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught

Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar

Hammad bin ibi Sulman taught

Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught

Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother

Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught

Zayd ibn Ali (695–740)

Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught

Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught

Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas

Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas

Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh

Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805)

al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught

Ismail ibn Ibrahim

Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions

Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography

Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775)

Musa al-Kadhim (745–799)

Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books

Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books

Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books

Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school

Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books

Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles

Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book

Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book

Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia

Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari

Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna

Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia

Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia

Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism

Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism

Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions

Key: Taught in Medina

Key: Taught in Iraq

Key: Worked in Syria

Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith

Key: Worked in Persia

Malik's chain of narrators was considered the most authentic and called Silsilat al-Dhahab or "The Golden Chain of Narrators" by notable hadith scholars including Muhammad al-Bukhari.^[4] The 'Golden Chain' of narration (i.e., that considered by the scholars of Hadith to be the most authentic) consists of Malik, who narrated from Nafi‘ Mawla ibn ‘Umar, who narrated from Ibn Umar, who narrated from Muhammad.^[5]

Malik even goes as far to says : “If I heard (hadith) from Nafi’ narrating from Ibn Umar, I would not care if I did not hear it from someone else(as it is undoubtly authentic).”

Scholars such as al-Bukhari, al-Asqalani and Abu Ali al-Khalil have high confidence for hadiths authenticity narrated by Nafi. Sahih bukhari and Sahih Muslim contained at least 188 hadiths of various matters narrated by Nafi.^[6]

Modern researchers of Hadiths has attested the hadiths narrated from Nafi line were authentic by using method of Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani of Jarh wa Ta'dil(narrators biography evaluation).^[6] Ze'ev Maghen stated the authenticity of Nafi narration were "almost peerless",^[7] while Professor Bashar Awad, editor of Tirmidhi collection,^[8] and winner of King Faisal Prize award,^[9] also noted the "golden chain" of Nafi were supported by another Tabi'un to Sahaba chains.^[10]

Death

Nafi is estimated to have died in 117 AH (735-6 AD), although there are other chroniclers who say that in 120 H.^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Khallikan 1843, p. 521.
^ Al-Indunisi 2008, p. 388.
^ Sallabi 2017, p. 411.
'^ ""Imaam Maalik ibn Anas" by Hassan Ahmad, Al Jumuah' Magazine Volume 11 – Issue 9". Sunnahonline.com. Retrieved 2010-04-10.
^ Ibn Anas 2008, p. 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412.
^ ^a ^b Wahid 2017, p. 27-28.
^ Maghen 2012, p. 177.
^ Abu Alabas 2020, p. 118.
^ Ma'rouf 2018.
^ Abu Alabas 2020, p. 118, Quoting B. A. Ma'rouf.
^ Khallikan 1843, p. 522.

Bibliography

Abu Alabas, Belal (2020). Modern Hadith Studies Continuing Debates and New Approaches. Edinburgh University Press. p. 119. ISBN 9781474441810.

Ibn Anas, Malik (2008). Al-Muwatta Of Iman Malik Ibn Anas. Taylor and francis. p. 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412. ISBN 9781136150982. 9789791142199.

Al-Indunisi, Ahmad Nahrawi Abdus Salam (2008). Ensiklopedia Imam Syafi'i [Imam Shafii encyclopedia]. Hikmah. p. 388. ISBN 978-9791142199. 9789791142199.

Sallabi, Ali Muhammad (2017). Biografi Umar bin Abdul Aziz: Khilafah Pembaru dari Bani Umayyah [Umar ibn Abdul Aziz biography: Reformer capiph of Banu Umayyah]. Vol. 3. Translated by Bn Mac-Gluckin de Slane. Paris: Pustaka Al-Kautsar.

Khallikan, Ibnu (1843). Kitab Wafayat Ala'yan. Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary. Vol. 3. Translated by Bn Mac-Gluckin de Slane. Paris: Benjamin Duprat.

Maghen, Ze'ev (2012). After Hardship Cometh Ease The Jews as Backdrop for Muslim Moderation. Taylor and francis. p. 177. ISBN 9783110910476.

Ma'rouf, Bashar Awad (2018). "Professor Bashar Awad".

Wahid, Abdul Hakim (2017). "The Authenticity of Hadith Narrated by Nafi' the Mawla of Ibn 'Umar". Proceedings of the International Conference on Qur'an and Hadith Studies (ICQHS 2017). Vol. 137. p. 27-28. doi:10.2991/icqhs-17.2018.4. ISBN 978-94-6252-456-9. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

[FOOTNOTEKhallikan1843521-1] Khallikan 1843, p. 521.

[FOOTNOTEAl-Indunisi2008388-2] Al-Indunisi 2008, p. 388.

[FOOTNOTESallabi2017411-3] Sallabi 2017, p. 411.

[4] '^ ""Imaam Maalik ibn Anas" by Hassan Ahmad, Al Jumuah' Magazine Volume 11 – Issue 9". Sunnahonline.com. Retrieved 2010-04-10.

[FOOTNOTEIbn_Anas20083,_4,_10,_14,_16,_17,_27,_29,_32,_37,_38,_49,_51,_58,_61,_67,_68,_74,_78,_87,_92,_93,_108,_114,_124,_128,_138,_139,_151,_156,_161,_171,_196,_210,_239,_245,_253,_312,_349,_410,_412-5] Ibn Anas 2008, p. 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412.

[FOOTNOTEWahid201727-28-6] Wahid 2017, p. 27-28.

[FOOTNOTEMaghen2012177-7] Maghen 2012, p. 177.

[FOOTNOTEAbu_Alabas2020118-8] Abu Alabas 2020, p. 118.

[FOOTNOTEMa'rouf2018-9] Ma'rouf 2018.

[FOOTNOTEAbu_Alabas2020118,_Quoting_B._A._Ma'rouf-10] Abu Alabas 2020, p. 118, Quoting B. A. Ma'rouf.

[FOOTNOTEKhallikan1843522-11] Khallikan 1843, p. 522.

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 === Golden Chain of Narration ===
 {{Islam scholars diagram}}
-Malik's [[Isnad|chain]] of narrators was considered the most authentic and called ''Silsilat al-Dhahab'' or "The Golden Chain of Narrators" by notable hadith scholars including [[Muhammad al-Bukhari]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0041.htm |title="Imaam Maalik ibn Anas" by Hassan Ahmad, '''Al Jumuah' Magazine'' Volume 11 – Issue 9 |work=Sunnahonline.com |access-date=2010-04-10}}</ref> The 'Golden Chain' of narration (i.e., that considered by the scholars of Hadith to be the most authentic) consists of Malik, who narrated from [[Nafi`|Nafi‘ Mawla ibn ‘Umar]], who narrated from [[Ibn Umar]], who narrated from [[Muhammad]].{{sfn|Ibn Anas|2008|p= 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412}}
+Malik's [[Isnad|chain]] of narrators was considered the most authentic and called ''Silsilat al-Dhahab'' or "The Golden Chain of Narrators" by notable hadith scholars including [[Muhammad al-Bukhari]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0041.htm |title="Imaam Maalik ibn Anas" by Hassan Ahmad, '''Al Jumuah' Magazine'' Volume 11 – Issue 9 |work=Sunnahonline.com |access-date=2010-04-10}}</ref> The 'Golden Chain' of narration (i.e., that considered by the scholars of Hadith to be the most authentic) consists of Malik, who narrated from [[Nafi`|Nafi‘ Mawla ibn ‘Umar]], who narrated from [[Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab|Ibn Umar]], who narrated from [[Muhammad]].{{sfn|Ibn Anas|2008|p= 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412}}
 Malik even goes as far to says : ''“If I heard (hadith) from Nafi’ narrating from Ibn Umar, I would not care if I did not hear it from someone else(as it is undoubtly authentic).”''