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'''''Cryptocarya agathophylla''''' (sometimes called '''clove nutmeg''') is a member of the laurel family, [[Lauraceae]], and originates in [[Madagascar]].
'''''Cryptocarya agathophylla''''' (sometimes called '''clove nutmeg''') is a member of the laurel family, [[Lauraceae]], and originates in [[Madagascar]].


Malagasy names include ''{{lang|mg|tavolobelelo}}'',<ref name = iucn/> ''{{lang|mg|havozo}}'', ''{{lang|mg|hazomanitra}}'' and ''{{lang|mg|tavolomanitra}}''. The former genus name ''Ravensara'' is a [[Romanization|latinization]] of the [[Malagasy language|Malagasy]] word ''{{lang|mg|ravintsara}}''.<ref>Halpern, Georges M., Weverka, Peter ''The Healing Trail: Essential Oils of Madagascar'', Basic Health Publications Inc., Laguna Beach CA, 2003, pp. 54.</ref>.
Malagasy names include ''{{lang|mg|tavolobelelo}}'',<ref name = iucn/> ''{{lang|mg|havozo}}'', ''{{lang|mg|hazomanitra}}'' and ''{{lang|mg|tavolomanitra}}''. The former genus name ''Ravensara'' is a [[Romanization|latinization]] of the [[Malagasy language|Malagasy]] word ''{{lang|mg|ravintsara}}''.<ref>Halpern, Georges M., Weverka, Peter ''The Healing Trail: Essential Oils of Madagascar'', Basic Health Publications Inc., Laguna Beach CA, 2003, pp. 54.</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
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== Essential oil ==
== Essential oil ==
The [[essential oil]] of ''C. agathophylla'' is used as a fragrance material in the [[perfumery]] industry, and as an [[antiseptic]], anti-viral, [[antibacterial]], expectorant, anti-infective in natural and [[folk medicine]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andrianjafinandrasana |first=S.N. |last2=Andrianoelisoa |first2=H.S. |last3=Jeanson |first3=M.L. |last4=Ramonta |first4=I. |last5=Danthu |first5=P. |date=2013 |title=Allelopathic effects of volatile compounds of essential oil from Ravensara aromatica Sonnerat chemotypes |url=286708689_Allelopathic_effects_of_volatile_compounds_of_essential_oil_from_Ravensara_aromatica_Sonnerat_chemotypes |journal=Allelopathy Journal |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=333-344 |via=Research Gate}}</ref>. Primary aromatic components are:{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}}
The [[essential oil]] of ''C. agathophylla'' is used as a fragrance material in the [[perfumery]] industry, and as an [[antiseptic]], anti-viral, [[antibacterial]], expectorant, anti-infective in natural and [[folk medicine]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andrianjafinandrasana |first=S.N. |last2=Andrianoelisoa |first2=H.S. |last3=Jeanson |first3=M.L. |last4=Ramonta |first4=I. |last5=Danthu |first5=P. |date=2013 |title=Allelopathic effects of volatile compounds of essential oil from Ravensara aromatica Sonnerat chemotypes |url=286708689_Allelopathic_effects_of_volatile_compounds_of_essential_oil_from_Ravensara_aromatica_Sonnerat_chemotypes |journal=Allelopathy Journal |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=333-344 |via=Research Gate}}</ref> Primary aromatic components are:{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}}
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* [[limonene]] 19.38%
* [[limonene]] 19.38%

Revision as of 09:25, 9 September 2022

Cryptocarya agathophylla
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Laurales
Family: Lauraceae
Genus: Cryptocarya
Species:
C. agathophylla
Binomial name
Cryptocarya agathophylla
van der Werff
Synonyms[2]
  • Agathophyllum aromaticum (Sonn.) Schreb. ex Forsyth f.
  • Agathophyllum ravensara Mirb. ex Steud.
  • Evodia aromatica (Sonn.) Pers.
  • Evodia ravensarae Gaertn.
  • Ravensara anisata Danguy
  • Ravensara aromatica J.F.Gmel.
  • Ravensara aromatica Sonn.

Cryptocarya agathophylla (sometimes called clove nutmeg) is a member of the laurel family, Lauraceae, and originates in Madagascar.

Malagasy names include tavolobelelo,[1] havozo, hazomanitra and tavolomanitra. The former genus name Ravensara is a latinization of the Malagasy word ravintsara.[3]

Description

Cryptocarya agathophylla is a small to medium-sized tree, growing up to 15 meters high.[1] The leaves and twigs of C. agathophylla have a mildly camphorous aroma similar to eucalyptus.

Range and habitat

Cryptocarya agathophylla is endemic to Madagascar. It grows in humid and subhumid lowland forests and lower montane forests and secondary vegetation between 10 and 1,300 meters elevation.[1]

It is known from 11 locations in the central and eastern parts of Bongolava, Vatovavy Analanjirofo and Alaotra-Mangoro regions. Its estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) is 116,739 km2, the minimum area of occupancy (AOO) is 56 km2.[1]

Conservation and threats

The species' population is decreasing, and its conservation status is Near Threatened. It is threated by habitat loss, principally from shifting agriculture, and also from logging, mining, and grazing.[1]

Essential oil

The essential oil of C. agathophylla is used as a fragrance material in the perfumery industry, and as an antiseptic, anti-viral, antibacterial, expectorant, anti-infective in natural and folk medicine.[4] Primary aromatic components are:[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Rakotonirina, N. 2020. Cryptocarya agathophylla. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T137583298A137900098. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T137583298A137900098.en. Accessed 28 August 2022.
  2. ^ Cryptocarya agathophylla van der Werff Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 27 August 2022.
  3. ^ Halpern, Georges M., Weverka, Peter The Healing Trail: Essential Oils of Madagascar, Basic Health Publications Inc., Laguna Beach CA, 2003, pp. 54.
  4. ^ Andrianjafinandrasana, S.N.; Andrianoelisoa, H.S.; Jeanson, M.L.; Ramonta, I.; Danthu, P. (2013). [286708689_Allelopathic_effects_of_volatile_compounds_of_essential_oil_from_Ravensara_aromatica_Sonnerat_chemotypes "Allelopathic effects of volatile compounds of essential oil from Ravensara aromatica Sonnerat chemotypes"]. Allelopathy Journal. 31 (2): 333–344 – via Research Gate. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)