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'''Tobolsk Governorate''' ({{lang-ru|Тобольская губерния}}) was an administrative division (a ''[[guberniya]]'') of the [[Russian Empire]], [[Russian Republic]] and [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] located in the [[Ural Mountains]] and [[Siberia]]. It existed from 1796 to 1920; its seat was in the city of [[Tobolsk]], in 1919–1920 in the city of [[Tyumen]]. |
'''Tobolsk Governorate''' ({{lang-ru|Тобольская губерния}}) was an administrative division (a ''[[guberniya]]'') of the [[Russian Empire]], [[Russian Republic]] and [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] located in the [[Ural Mountains]] and [[Siberia]]. It existed from 1796 to 1920; its seat was in the city of [[Tobolsk]], in 1919–1920 in the city of [[Tyumen]]. |
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[[File:Gorskii 03965u windmills.jpg|thumb|[[Windmill |
[[File:Gorskii 03965u windmills.jpg|thumb|[[Windmill]]s in the [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky uezd]] of the Tobolsk Governorate (1912). |
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Color photo by [[Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky|Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii]]{{commons|Category=Category:Photos_of_Tobolsk_Governorate_by_Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky|Category:Photos_of_Tobolsk_Governorate_by_Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky|Photos of Tobolsk Governorate by Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky}}|272x272px]] |
Color photo by [[Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky|Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii]]{{commons|Category=Category:Photos_of_Tobolsk_Governorate_by_Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky|Category:Photos_of_Tobolsk_Governorate_by_Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky|Photos of Tobolsk Governorate by Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky}}|272x272px]] |
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== General Information == |
== General Information == |
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Total area 1,3 million km2 (1913). According to data at the end of the 19th century, the area of the Governorate was divided into 10 uezd (until 1898 - okrugs). |
Total area 1,3 million km2 (1913). According to data at the end of the 19th century, the area of the Governorate was divided into 10 uezd (until 1898 - okrugs). |
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=== XVIII century === |
=== XVIII century === |
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In official documents of the 2nd half of the 18th century, the name Tobolsk Governorate is often used as a designation of the [[Siberia Governorate]] at the last stage of its existence (1764-1782). |
In official documents of the 2nd half of the 18th century, the name Tobolsk Governorate is often used as a designation of the [[Siberia Governorate]] at the last stage of its existence (1764-1782).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ТОБОЛЬСКАЯ ГУБЕРНИЯ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия |trans-title=TOBOLSK Governorate • Great Russian encyclopedia - electronic version |url=https://bigenc.ru/domestic_history/text/4194589 |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=bigenc.ru}}</ref> |
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19 January ([[Gregorian calendar|30 January]]) 1782 Tobolsk Governorate was formed by decree of the Empress of Russia [[Catherine the Great|Catherine II]] as part of Tobolsk [[List of viceroyalties of the Russian Empire|Viceroyalty]] with two oblast: Tobolsk Oblast (included 10 uezds) and Tomsk Oblast (6 uezd), which became part of the [[Governorate-General (Russian Empire)|Governorate -General]]. |
19 January ([[Gregorian calendar|30 January]]) 1782 Tobolsk Governorate was formed by decree of the Empress of Russia [[Catherine the Great|Catherine II]] as part of Tobolsk [[List of viceroyalties of the Russian Empire|Viceroyalty]] with two oblast: Tobolsk Oblast (included 10 uezds) and Tomsk Oblast (6 uezd), which became part of the [[Governorate-General (Russian Empire)|Governorate -General]]. |
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December 12, 1796 the Tobolsk Governorate was formed by Emperor [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]] Decree to the Senate "On the new division of the State into the Governorates". |
December 12, 1796 the Tobolsk Governorate was formed by Emperor [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]] Decree to the Senate "On the new division of the State into the Governorates".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Полное собрание законов Российской империи: Собрание (1649 - 1825) : Том 24 (1796 - 1797) : Законы (17530 - 18301) №17634 |trans-title=Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire: Assembly (1649 - 1825) : Volume 24 (1796 - 1797) : Laws (17530 - 18301) №17634 |url=https://nlr.ru/e-res/law_r/search.php |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=nlr.ru |page=229 |language=ru |publication-date=1796}}</ref> Kolyvan Oblast was annexed to Tobolsk Governorate.<ref name=":0" /> |
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In 1797, Tobolsk Governorate consisted of 16 Uezds: Kuznetsk, Semipalatinsk, Krasnoyarsk, [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]], [[Kurgansky Uyezd|Kurgansky Uezd]], [[Beryozovsky Uyezd|Beryozovsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]], [[Turinsky Uyezd|Turinsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]], [[Tobolsky Uyezd|Tobolsky Uezd]], [[Surgutsky Uyezd|Surgutsky Uezd]], Tomsk, Narymsky, Yenisei, Turukhansky. |
In 1797, Tobolsk Governorate consisted of 16 Uezds: Kuznetsk, Semipalatinsk, Krasnoyarsk, [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]], [[Kurgansky Uyezd|Kurgansky Uezd]], [[Beryozovsky Uyezd|Beryozovsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]], [[Turinsky Uyezd|Turinsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]], [[Tobolsky Uyezd|Tobolsky Uezd]], [[Surgutsky Uyezd|Surgutsky Uezd]], Tomsk, Narymsky, Yenisei, Turukhansky.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Полное собрание законов Российской империи:Собрание (1649 - 1825) : Том 24 (1796 - 1797) : Законы (17530 - 18301) №18233 |trans-title=Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire: Collection (1649 - 1825): Volume 24 (1796 - 1797): Laws (17530 - 18301) No. 18233 |url=https://nlr.ru/e-res/law_r/search.php |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=nlr.ru |page=789 |language=ru |publication-date=1797}}</ref> |
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=== XIX century === |
=== XIX century === |
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In 1802, the Tobolsk Governorate along with the [[Irkutsk Governorate]], became part of the Siberian General Governorate by decree of Emperor [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]]. |
In 1802, the Tobolsk Governorate along with the [[Irkutsk Governorate]], became part of the Siberian General Governorate by decree of Emperor [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]]. |
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In 1822, the Siberian General Governorate was divided into West Siberian General Governorate and East Siberian General Governorate. Tobolsk Governorate became part of the West Siberian Governor General, which existed until 1882. |
In 1822, the Siberian General Governorate was divided into West Siberian General Governorate and East Siberian General Governorate. Tobolsk Governorate became part of the West Siberian Governor General, which existed until 1882. |
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On February 26 ([[Gregorian calendar|March 9]]), 1804, part of the territory of the Tobolsk Governorate was allocated to the [[Tomsk Governorate]]. |
On February 26 ([[Gregorian calendar|March 9]]), 1804, part of the territory of the Tobolsk Governorate was allocated to the [[Tomsk Governorate]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Полное собрание законов Российской Империи. Собрание Первое. Том XXVIII. Закон 21.183 |trans-title=Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Assembly First. Volume XXVIII. Law 21.183. |url=https://runivers.ru/bookreader/book9836/#page/155/mode/1up |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=runivers.ru |page=156 |language=ru |publication-date=26 February 1804}}</ref> As part of the Tobolsk Governorate remained: [[Beryozovsky Uyezd|Beryozovsky Uezd]], [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Kurgansky Uyezd|Kurgansky Uezd]], Omsk, [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]], [[Tobolsky Uyezd|Tobolsky Uezd]], [[Turinsky Uyezd|Turinsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]] and [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]]. |
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In 1822, the Omsk district and other territories were transferred to the Omsk Oblast (until 1838); Uezds of the Tobolsk Governorate were renamed into Okrugs, a new Tyukalinsky Okrug was formed (until 1838).<ref name=":0" /> |
In 1822, the Omsk district and other territories were transferred to the Omsk Oblast (until 1838); Uezds of the Tobolsk Governorate were renamed into Okrugs, a new Tyukalinsky Okrug was formed (until 1838).<ref name=":0" /> |
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In 1868 Omsk transferred to the newly formed the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast]]. The Surgut Okrug was newly formed by separation from the Berezovsky Okrug. |
In 1868 Omsk transferred to the newly formed the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast]]. The Surgut Okrug was newly formed by separation from the Berezovsky Okrug. |
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In 1876, the Omsk District was transformed into the Tyukalinsky District. |
In 1876, the Omsk District was transformed into the Tyukalinsky District. |
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Tobolsk Governorate was among the 17 regions recognized as seriously affected during the [[Russian famine of 1891–1892|famine of 1891-1892]]. |
Tobolsk Governorate was among the 17 regions recognized as seriously affected during the [[Russian famine of 1891–1892|famine of 1891-1892]]. |
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In 1917, after the [[Bolsheviks]] came to power, there was the first attempt to organize Kalachinsky Uezd from part of [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] for convenient control of the remote southeastern territories of the Governorate. The first member of the food committee of the Kalachinsky Uezd was Yakov Martynovich Kalnin, a [[Latvians|Latvian]] poet and teacher. During 1917-1919, in the ups and downs of the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War]], the Uezd was liquidated more than once and re-created by different authorities, transferred from the Tobolsk Governorate to the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast (Omsk)]].[[File:Тобольская губ МВД Бенке.jpg|thumb|Coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate (1878)|left]] |
In 1917, after the [[Bolsheviks]] came to power, there was the first attempt to organize Kalachinsky Uezd from part of [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] for convenient control of the remote southeastern territories of the Governorate. The first member of the food committee of the Kalachinsky Uezd was Yakov Martynovich Kalnin, a [[Latvians|Latvian]] poet and teacher. During 1917-1919, in the ups and downs of the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War]], the Uezd was liquidated more than once and re-created by different authorities, transferred from the Tobolsk Governorate to the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast (Omsk)]].[[File:Тобольская губ МВД Бенке.jpg|thumb|Coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate (1878)|left]] |
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On January 1 (January 14), 1918, according to the decree Article №158 of administration of the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the [[Soviet Union|USSR]] the Troitskaya volost of the [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] was included in the newly formed Tatarsky Uezd of the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=№ 158. О сформировании из 20 волостей Каинского уезда, Томской губ., и Троицкой волости, Тюкалинского уезда, самостоятельного Татарского уезда, с созданием уездного центра в гор. Татарске. {{!}} Проект |
On January 1 (January 14), 1918, according to the decree Article №158 of administration of the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the [[Soviet Union|USSR]] the Troitskaya volost of the [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] was included in the newly formed Tatarsky Uezd of the [[Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)|Akmolinsk Oblast]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=№ 158. О сформировании из 20 волостей Каинского уезда, Томской губ., и Троицкой волости, Тюкалинского уезда, самостоятельного Татарского уезда, с созданием уездного центра в гор. Татарске. {{!}} Проект "Исторические Материалы" |trans-title=No. 158. On the formation of the 20 volosts of the Kainsky district, the Tomsk province, and the Troitsk volost, the Tyukalinsky district, an independent Tatar district, with the creation of a county center in the mountains. Tatarsk. Project "Historical Materials" |url=https://istmat.org/node/28223 |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=istmat.org}}</ref> |
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On February 1(February 10), 1918, the First Extraordinary Session of the Tobolsk Governorate [[Zemstvo]] Assembly aproved separation of Kalachinsky uyezd from [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]] and [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] moved to the Omsk Oblast, Kurgan Uezd stand out as an independent Governorate, proclaimed Tyumen Governorate with [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]] and [[Turinsky Uyezd|Turinsky Uezd]]. |
On February 1(February 10), 1918, the First Extraordinary Session of the Tobolsk Governorate [[Zemstvo]] Assembly aproved separation of Kalachinsky uyezd from [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]] and [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] moved to the Omsk Oblast, Kurgan Uezd stand out as an independent Governorate, proclaimed Tyumen Governorate with [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]] and [[Turinsky Uyezd|Turinsky Uezd]]. |
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In June 1918, the Tobolsk Governorate came under the control of the [[White Army]].<ref name=":0" /> The [[revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion]] temporarily restored the [[status quo]]. |
In June 1918, the Tobolsk Governorate came under the control of the [[White Army]].<ref name=":0" /> The [[revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion]] temporarily restored the [[status quo]]. |
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In August - November 1919, as a result of the offensive of the [[Eastern Front (RSFSR)|Eastern Front]], [[Tyumen]] and [[Tobolsk]] pass to the [[Bolsheviks]] and the Governorate institutions move to [[Tyumen]]. |
In August - November 1919, as a result of the offensive of the [[Eastern Front (RSFSR)|Eastern Front]], [[Tyumen]] and [[Tobolsk]] pass to the [[Bolsheviks]] and the Governorate institutions move to [[Tyumen]]. |
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| ⚫ | August 27, 1919, by the decree of the [[All-Russian Central Executive Committee]] of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] Tobolsk Governorate consisted of the following uezds: Obdorsky Uezd, [[Beryozovsky Uyezd|Beryozovsky Uezd]], [[Surgutsky Uyezd|Surgutsky Uezd]], [[Tobolsky Uyezd|Tobolsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]] and [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]]. [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]] and [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] went to the Omsk Governorate. [[Kurgansky Uyezd|Kurgansky Uezd]] became part of the Chelyabinsk Governorate.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 27, 1919 |title=№ 437. Постановление Всероссийского Центрального Исполнительного Комитета Советов. Об организации гражданского управления Сибири. {{!}} Проект "Исторические Материалы" |trans-title=No. 437. Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of Soviets. On the organization of the civil administration of Siberia. Project "Historical Materials" |url=https://istmat.org/node/38473 |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=istmat.org}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | August 27, 1919, by the decree of the [[All-Russian Central Executive Committee]] of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]] Tobolsk Governorate consisted of the following uezds: Obdorsky Uezd, [[Beryozovsky Uyezd|Beryozovsky Uezd]], [[Surgutsky Uyezd|Surgutsky Uezd]], [[Tobolsky Uyezd|Tobolsky Uezd]], [[Tyumensky Uyezd|Tyumensky Uezd]] and [[Yalutorovsky Uyezd|Yalutorovsky Uezd]]. [[Ishimsky Uyezd|Ishimsky Uezd]], [[Tarsky Uyezd|Tarsky Uezd]] and [[Tyukalinsky Uyezd|Tyukalinsky Uezd]] went to the Omsk Governorate. [[Kurgansky Uyezd|Kurgansky Uezd]] became part of the Chelyabinsk Governorate. |
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== Coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate == |
== Coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate == |
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The coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate was approved on July 5, 1878: |
The coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate was approved on July 5, 1878: |
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| style="text-align:right" |216 792 |
| style="text-align:right" |216 792 |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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At the time of the [[Russian Empire Census]] of 1897, Tobolsk Governorate had a population of 1,433,043, of which 87,351 people lived in cities. Of these, 88.6% spoke [[Russian language|Russian]], 4.0% [[Siberian Tatar language|Siberian Tatar]], 2.6% [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]], 1.3% [[Khanty language|Khanty]], 0.5% [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], 0.5% [[Komi-Zyrian language|Komi-Zyrian]], 0.4% [[Polish language|Polish]], 0.3% [[Mansi language|Mansi]], 0.3% [[Nenets languages|Nenets]], 0.3% [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]], 0.2% [[Latvian language|Latvian]], 0.2% [[Yiddish]], 0.1% [[Estonian language|Estonian]], 0.1% [[Romani language|Romani]], 0.1% [[Mordvinic languages|Mordvin]], 0.1% [[German language|German]] and 0.1% [[Finnish language|Finnish]] as their native language.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897. Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей. |trans-title=The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897 |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/emp_lan_97_uezd.php?reg=704 |access-date=2019-12-17 |website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref> |
At the time of the [[Russian Empire Census]] of 1897, Tobolsk Governorate had a population of 1,433,043, of which 87,351 people lived in cities. Of these, 88.6% spoke [[Russian language|Russian]], 4.0% [[Siberian Tatar language|Siberian Tatar]], 2.6% [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]], 1.3% [[Khanty language|Khanty]], 0.5% [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], 0.5% [[Komi-Zyrian language|Komi-Zyrian]], 0.4% [[Polish language|Polish]], 0.3% [[Mansi language|Mansi]], 0.3% [[Nenets languages|Nenets]], 0.3% [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]], 0.2% [[Latvian language|Latvian]], 0.2% [[Yiddish]], 0.1% [[Estonian language|Estonian]], 0.1% [[Romani language|Romani]], 0.1% [[Mordvinic languages|Mordvin]], 0.1% [[German language|German]] and 0.1% [[Finnish language|Finnish]] as their native language.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897. Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей. |trans-title=The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897 |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/emp_lan_97_uezd.php?reg=704 |access-date=2019-12-17 |website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref> |
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The religious composition was dominated by the [[Russian Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] - 89.0%. 5.1% were [[Old Believers]] and “devoids of Orthodoxy”, 4.5% were [[Muslims]]. |
The religious composition was dominated by the [[Russian Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] - 89.0%. 5.1% were [[Old Believers]] and “devoids of Orthodoxy”, 4.5% were [[Muslims]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897. Распределение населения по полу, десятилетним возрастным группам и грамотности. Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей. |trans-title=The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by sex, ten-year age groups and literacy |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_age10_97.php?reg=108 |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref> |
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Literate was 11.3% (men - 17.7%, women - 5.0%) |
Literate was 11.3% (men - 17.7%, women - 5.0%) |
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Revision as of 16:52, 26 September 2022
| Tobolsk Governorate Тобольская Губерния | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Former subdivision of Russian Empire (1796–1917) Russian Republic RSFSR (1917–1920) | |||||||||||||
| 1796–1920 | |||||||||||||
 Coat of arms
| |||||||||||||
.svg) Toblosk Governorate within the Russian Empire | |||||||||||||
| Capital | Tobolsk (1796-1919) Tyumen (1919–1920) | ||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
• 1916 | 1,385,000 km2 (535,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
• 1897 | 1,433,043 | ||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||
• Established | 1796 | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1920 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| Today part of |  Russia | ||||||||||||
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tobolsk Governorate. | |||||||||||||
Tobolsk Governorate (Template:Lang-ru) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire, Russian Republic and RSFSR located in the Ural Mountains and Siberia. It existed from 1796 to 1920; its seat was in the city of Tobolsk, in 1919–1920 in the city of Tyumen.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Photos of Tobolsk Governorate by Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky.
General Information
Total area 1,3 million km2 (1913). According to data at the end of the 19th century, the area of the Governorate was divided into 10 uezd (until 1898 - okrugs).
History
XVIII century
In official documents of the 2nd half of the 18th century, the name Tobolsk Governorate is often used as a designation of the Siberia Governorate at the last stage of its existence (1764-1782).[1]
19 January (30 January) 1782 Tobolsk Governorate was formed by decree of the Empress of Russia Catherine II as part of Tobolsk Viceroyalty with two oblast: Tobolsk Oblast (included 10 uezds) and Tomsk Oblast (6 uezd), which became part of the Governorate -General.
December 12, 1796 the Tobolsk Governorate was formed by Emperor Paul I Decree to the Senate "On the new division of the State into the Governorates".[2] Kolyvan Oblast was annexed to Tobolsk Governorate.[1]
In 1797, Tobolsk Governorate consisted of 16 Uezds: Kuznetsk, Semipalatinsk, Krasnoyarsk, Ishimsky Uezd, Yalutorovsky Uezd, Kurgansky Uezd, Beryozovsky Uezd, Tarsky Uezd, Turinsky Uezd, Tyumensky Uezd, Tobolsky Uezd, Surgutsky Uezd, Tomsk, Narymsky, Yenisei, Turukhansky.[3]
XIX century
In 1802, the Tobolsk Governorate along with the Irkutsk Governorate, became part of the Siberian General Governorate by decree of Emperor Alexander I.
In 1822, the Siberian General Governorate was divided into West Siberian General Governorate and East Siberian General Governorate. Tobolsk Governorate became part of the West Siberian Governor General, which existed until 1882.
On February 26 (March 9), 1804, part of the territory of the Tobolsk Governorate was allocated to the Tomsk Governorate.[4] As part of the Tobolsk Governorate remained: Beryozovsky Uezd, Ishimsky Uezd, Kurgansky Uezd, Omsk, Tarsky Uezd, Tobolsky Uezd, Turinsky Uezd, Tyumensky Uezd and Yalutorovsky Uezd.
In 1822, the Omsk district and other territories were transferred to the Omsk Oblast (until 1838); Uezds of the Tobolsk Governorate were renamed into Okrugs, a new Tyukalinsky Okrug was formed (until 1838).[1]
In 1838, the okrug city of Omsk became part of the Tobolsk Governorate.
In 1868 Omsk transferred to the newly formed the Akmolinsk Oblast. The Surgut Okrug was newly formed by separation from the Berezovsky Okrug.
In 1876, the Omsk District was transformed into the Tyukalinsky District.
Tobolsk Governorate was among the 17 regions recognized as seriously affected during the famine of 1891-1892.
In 1898, the okrugs of the Governorate were renamed into uyezds.
In 1885, permanent traffic was opened along the railway lines Yekaterinburg - Tura (Tyumen), and in 1896 Chelyabinsk - Omsk - Novonikolaevsk of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
XX century
In 1909-1916, Sergey Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky pioneer of color photography, traveled a significant part of the Russian Empire including Tobolsk Governorate, photographing ancient temples, monasteries, factories, types of cities and various household scenes.
In 1917, after the Bolsheviks came to power, there was the first attempt to organize Kalachinsky Uezd from part of Tyukalinsky Uezd for convenient control of the remote southeastern territories of the Governorate. The first member of the food committee of the Kalachinsky Uezd was Yakov Martynovich Kalnin, a Latvian poet and teacher. During 1917-1919, in the ups and downs of the Civil War, the Uezd was liquidated more than once and re-created by different authorities, transferred from the Tobolsk Governorate to the Akmolinsk Oblast (Omsk).
On January 1 (January 14), 1918, according to the decree Article №158 of administration of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR the Troitskaya volost of the Tyukalinsky Uezd was included in the newly formed Tatarsky Uezd of the Akmolinsk Oblast.[5]
On February 1(February 10), 1918, the First Extraordinary Session of the Tobolsk Governorate Zemstvo Assembly aproved separation of Kalachinsky uyezd from Tyukalinsky Uezd, Tarsky Uezd and Tyukalinsky Uezd moved to the Omsk Oblast, Kurgan Uezd stand out as an independent Governorate, proclaimed Tyumen Governorate with Ishimsky Uezd, Yalutorovsky Uezd, Tyumensky Uezd and Turinsky Uezd.
In June 1918, the Tobolsk Governorate came under the control of the White Army.[1] The revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion temporarily restored the status quo.
In August - November 1919, as a result of the offensive of the Eastern Front, Tyumen and Tobolsk pass to the Bolsheviks and the Governorate institutions move to Tyumen.
August 27, 1919, by the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR Tobolsk Governorate consisted of the following uezds: Obdorsky Uezd, Beryozovsky Uezd, Surgutsky Uezd, Tobolsky Uezd, Tyumensky Uezd and Yalutorovsky Uezd. Ishimsky Uezd, Tarsky Uezd and Tyukalinsky Uezd went to the Omsk Governorate. Kurgansky Uezd became part of the Chelyabinsk Governorate.[6]
Coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate
The coat of arms of the Tobolsk Governorate was approved on July 5, 1878:
“In the golden shield there is a scarlet ataman's mace, on which is Yermak's black shield, round, decorated with precious stones, between two scarlet banners with black shafts and points from a spear placed obliquely across. The shield is surmounted by the Imperial crown and surrounded by golden oak leaves connected by St. Andrew's ribbon.
Subdivisions
| № | Uezd | Uezd Town (population) | Area sq. verst | Pppulation
(1916) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beryozovsky Uezd | Beryozovo (1,301) | _(1785).png) |
604 442,2 | 29 190 |
| 2 | Ishimsky Uezd | Ishim (14,226) | _(1785).png){kind=spacer} |
37 604,6 | 367 066 |
| 3 | Kurgansky Uezd | Kurgan (39,854) |  |
20 281,6 | 359 223 |
| 4 | Surgutsky Uezd | Surgut (1,602) | .svg) |
220 452,4 | 11 561 |
| 5 | Tarsky Uezd | Tara (11,229) |  |
71 542,1 | 268 410 |
| 6 | Tobolsky Uezd | Tobolsk (23,357) | _(1785).png) |
108 296,0 | 147 719 |
| 7 | Turinsky Uezd | Turinsk (2,821) | _(1785).png) |
67 008,6 | 96 942 |
| 8 | Tyukalinsky Uezd | Tyukalinsk (2,702) |  |
55 049,3 | 344 601 |
| 9 | Tyumensky Uezd | Tyumen (56,668) | _(1785).png) |
15 608,0 | 171 032 |
| 10 | Yalutorovsky Uezd | Yalutorovsk (3,835) | _(1785).png) |
18 944,9 | 216 792 |
Demographics
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Tobolsk Governorate had a population of 1,433,043, of which 87,351 people lived in cities. Of these, 88.6% spoke Russian, 4.0% Siberian Tatar, 2.6% Ukrainian, 1.3% Khanty, 0.5% Kazakh, 0.5% Komi-Zyrian, 0.4% Polish, 0.3% Mansi, 0.3% Nenets, 0.3% Belarusian, 0.2% Latvian, 0.2% Yiddish, 0.1% Estonian, 0.1% Romani, 0.1% Mordvin, 0.1% German and 0.1% Finnish as their native language.[7]
The religious composition was dominated by the Orthodox - 89.0%. 5.1% were Old Believers and “devoids of Orthodoxy”, 4.5% were Muslims.[8]
Literate was 11.3% (men - 17.7%, women - 5.0%)
References
- ^ a b c d "ТОБОЛЬСКАЯ ГУБЕРНИЯ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия" [TOBOLSK Governorate • Great Russian encyclopedia - electronic version]. bigenc.ru. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "Полное собрание законов Российской империи: Собрание (1649 - 1825) : Том 24 (1796 - 1797) : Законы (17530 - 18301) №17634" [Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire: Assembly (1649 - 1825) : Volume 24 (1796 - 1797) : Laws (17530 - 18301) №17634]. nlr.ru (in Russian). 1796. p. 229. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "Полное собрание законов Российской империи:Собрание (1649 - 1825) : Том 24 (1796 - 1797) : Законы (17530 - 18301) №18233" [Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire: Collection (1649 - 1825): Volume 24 (1796 - 1797): Laws (17530 - 18301) No. 18233]. nlr.ru (in Russian). 1797. p. 789. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "Полное собрание законов Российской Империи. Собрание Первое. Том XXVIII. Закон 21.183" [Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Assembly First. Volume XXVIII. Law 21.183.]. runivers.ru (in Russian). 26 February 1804. p. 156. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "№ 158. О сформировании из 20 волостей Каинского уезда, Томской губ., и Троицкой волости, Тюкалинского уезда, самостоятельного Татарского уезда, с созданием уездного центра в гор. Татарске. | Проект "Исторические Материалы"" [No. 158. On the formation of the 20 volosts of the Kainsky district, the Tomsk province, and the Troitsk volost, the Tyukalinsky district, an independent Tatar district, with the creation of a county center in the mountains. Tatarsk. Project "Historical Materials"]. istmat.org. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "№ 437. Постановление Всероссийского Центрального Исполнительного Комитета Советов. Об организации гражданского управления Сибири. | Проект "Исторические Материалы"" [No. 437. Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of Soviets. On the organization of the civil administration of Siberia. Project "Historical Materials"]. istmat.org. August 27, 1919. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897. Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей" [The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897]. www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2019-12-17.
- ^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897. Распределение населения по полу, десятилетним возрастным группам и грамотности. Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей" [The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by sex, ten-year age groups and literacy]. www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
58°11′43″N 68°15′29″E / 58.1953°N 68.2581°E
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